The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jure Piskur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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horizontal transfer of Genetic Material among saccharomyces yeasts
Journal of Bacteriology, 1999Co-Authors: Gaelle Marinoni, Martine Manuel, Randi Fons Petersen, Jeanne Hvidtfeldt, Pavol Sulo, Jure PiskurAbstract:The genus Saccharomyces consists of several species divided into the sensu stricto and the sensu lato groups. The genomes of these species differ in the number and organization of nuclear chromosomes and in the size and organization of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). In the present experiments we examined whether these yeasts can exchange DNA and thereby create novel combinations of Genetic Material. Several putative haploid, heterothallic yeast strains were isolated from different Saccharomyces species. All of these strains secreted an a- or α-like pheromone recognized by S. cerevisiae tester strains. When interspecific crosses were performed by mass mating between these strains, hybrid zygotes were often detected. In general, the less related the two parental species were, the fewer hybrids they gave. For some crosses, viable hybrids could be obtained by selection on minimal medium and their nuclear chromosomes and mtDNA were examined. Often the frequency of viable hybrids was very low. Sometimes putative hybrids could not be propagated at all. In the case of sensu stricto yeasts, stable viable hybrids were obtained. These contained both parental sets of chromosomes but mtDNA from only one parent. In the case of sensu lato hybrids, during Genetic stabilization one set of the parental chromosomes was partially or completely lost and the stable mtDNA originated from the same parent as the majority of the nuclear chromosomes. Apparently, the interspecific hybrid genome was Genetically more or less stable when the Genetic Material originated from phyloGenetically relatively closely related parents; both sets of nuclear Genetic Material could be transmitted and preserved in the progeny. In the case of more distantly related parents, only one parental set, and perhaps some fragments of the other one, could be found in Genetically stabilized hybrid lines. The results obtained indicate that Saccharomyces yeasts have a potential to exchange Genetic Material. If Saccharomyces isolates could mate freely in nature, horizontal transfer of Genetic Material could have occurred during the evolution of modern yeast species.
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a natural chimeric yeast containing Genetic Material from three species
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1999Co-Authors: Casper Groth, Jorgen Hansen, Jure PiskurAbstract:The Saccharomyces sp. CID1 isolate (CBS 8614) and several other Saccharomyces sensu stricto yeasts were analysed for their mitochondrial and nuclear genes. The data show that Saccharomyces sp. CID1, found so far only in one location in Europe, is a natural hybrid between three different Saccharomyces yeast species. Two of them, Saccharomyces cerevisiae-like and Saccharomyces bayanus-like, are ubiquitous and contributed parts of the nuclear genome; the third, Saccharomyces sp. IFO 1802-like, which has been found only in Japan, contributed the mitochondrial DNA molecule. These data suggest that the yeast cell is able to accommodate, express and propagate Genetic Material that originates from different species, and the very existence of the resulting natural hybrids indicates that such hybrids are well adapted to their habitats.
Manish Kumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first detection of sars cov 2 Genetic Material in the vicinity of covid 19 isolation centre in bangladesh variation along the sewer network
Science of The Total Environment, 2021Co-Authors: Firoz Ahmed, Md Aminul Islam, Manish Kumar, Maqsud Hossain, P Bhattacharya, Md Tahmidul Islam, Foysal Hossen, Md Shahadat Hossain, Md Sydul Islam, Md Main UddinAbstract:We made the first and successful attempt to detect SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Material in the vicinity wastewaters of an isolation centre i.e. Shaheed Bhulu Stadium, situated at Noakhali, Southeastern Bangladesh. Owing to the fact that isolation centre, in general, always contained a constant number of 200 COVID-19 patients, the prime objective of the study was to check if several drains carrying RNA of coronavirus are actually getting diluted or accumulated along with the sewage network. Our finding suggested that while the temporal variation of the Genetic load decreased in small drains over the span of 50 days, the main sewer exhibited accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Other interesting finding displays that probably distance of sampling location in meters is not likely to have a significant impact on the detected gene concentration, although the quantity of the RNA extracted in the downstream of the drain was higher. These findings are of immense value from the perspective of wastewater surveillance of COVID-19, as they largely imply that we do not need to monitor every wastewater system, and probably major drains monitoring may illustrate the city health. Perhaps, we are reporting the accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Material along with the sewer network i.e. from primary to tertiary drains. The study sought further data collection in this line to simulate conditions prevailed in most of the developing countries and to shed further light on decay/accumulation processes of the Genetic load of the SARS-COV-2.
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first proof of the capability of wastewater surveillance for covid 19 in india through detection of Genetic Material of sars cov 2
Science of The Total Environment, 2020Co-Authors: Manish Kumar, Arbind Kumar Patel, Anil V Shah, Janvi Raval, Neha Rajpara, Madhvi Joshi, C G JoshiAbstract:We made the first ever successful effort in India to detect the Genetic Material of SARS-CoV-2 viruses to understand the capability and application of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) surveillance in India. Sampling was carried out on 8 and 27 May 2020 at the Old Pirana Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) at Ahmedabad, Gujarat that receives effluent from Civil Hospital treating COVID-19 patients. All three, i.e. ORF1ab, N and S genes of SARS-CoV-2, were found in the influent with no genes detected in effluent collected on 8 and 27 May 2020. Increase in SARS-CoV-2 Genetic loading in the wastewater between 8 and 27 May 2020 samples concurred with corresponding increase in the number of active COVID-19 patients in the city. The number of gene copies was comparable to that reported in untreated wastewaters of Australia, China and Turkey and lower than that of the USA, France and Spain. However, temporal changes in SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations need to be substantiated further from the perspectives of daily and short-term changes of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater through long-term monitoring. The study results SARS-CoV-2 will assist concerned authorities and policymakers to formulate and/or upgrade COVID-19 surveillance to have a more explicit picture of the pandemic curve. While infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 through the excreted viral Genetic Material in the aquatic environment is still being debated, the presence and detection of genes in wastewater systems makes a strong case for the environmental surveillance of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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the first proof of the capability of wastewater surveillance for covid 19 in india through the detection of the Genetic Material of sars cov 2
medRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Manish Kumar, Arbind Kumar Patel, Anil V Shah, Janvi Raval, Neha Rajpara, Madhvi Joshi, C G JoshiAbstract:ABSTRACT we made the first ever successful effort from India to detect the Genetic Material of SARS-CoV-2 viruses to understand the capability and application of WBE surveillance in India. Sampling was carried out on 8 and 27 May, 2020 from Old Pirana Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) at Ahmedabad, Gujarat with 106 million liters per day (MLD) capacity receiving effluent of Civil Hospital treating COVID-19 patient. All three i.e. ORF1ab, N and S genes of SARS-CoV-2 were discerned in the influents with no gene spotted in the effluent collected on 8 and 27 May 2020. Temporal difference between 8 and 27 May 2020 samples was of 10x in gene copy loading with corresponding change of 2x in the number active COVID-19 patient in the city. Number of gene copies was found comparable to that reported in the untreated wastewaters of Australia, China and Turkey and lower than that of the USA, France and Spain. This study, being the first from India and probably among the first ten reports in the world of gene detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the environmental samples, aims to assist concerned authorities and policymakers to formulate and/or upgrade the COVID-19 surveillance to have explicit picture of phase of the pandemic. While infectious SARS-CoV-2 has yet to be identified in the aquatic environment, the virus potentially enters the wastewater stream from patient excretions and thus can be a great tool for pandemic monitoring. HIGHLIGHTS □First ever report of the presence of gene of SARS-CoV-2 in the wastewater in India. □CT value is explicitly indicative of the increase of COVID-19 patient in the vicinity. □All three i.e. ORF1ab, N and S genes of SARS-CoV-2 were discerned in the influents. □None of three genes were spotted in the effluent collected on 8 and 27 May 2020. □Wastewater surveillance conclusively specified temporal difference in COVID-19 load. □Temporal difference was 10x and 2x in gene copies and COVID-19 patient, respectively.
C G Joshi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first proof of the capability of wastewater surveillance for covid 19 in india through detection of Genetic Material of sars cov 2
Science of The Total Environment, 2020Co-Authors: Manish Kumar, Arbind Kumar Patel, Anil V Shah, Janvi Raval, Neha Rajpara, Madhvi Joshi, C G JoshiAbstract:We made the first ever successful effort in India to detect the Genetic Material of SARS-CoV-2 viruses to understand the capability and application of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) surveillance in India. Sampling was carried out on 8 and 27 May 2020 at the Old Pirana Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) at Ahmedabad, Gujarat that receives effluent from Civil Hospital treating COVID-19 patients. All three, i.e. ORF1ab, N and S genes of SARS-CoV-2, were found in the influent with no genes detected in effluent collected on 8 and 27 May 2020. Increase in SARS-CoV-2 Genetic loading in the wastewater between 8 and 27 May 2020 samples concurred with corresponding increase in the number of active COVID-19 patients in the city. The number of gene copies was comparable to that reported in untreated wastewaters of Australia, China and Turkey and lower than that of the USA, France and Spain. However, temporal changes in SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations need to be substantiated further from the perspectives of daily and short-term changes of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater through long-term monitoring. The study results SARS-CoV-2 will assist concerned authorities and policymakers to formulate and/or upgrade COVID-19 surveillance to have a more explicit picture of the pandemic curve. While infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 through the excreted viral Genetic Material in the aquatic environment is still being debated, the presence and detection of genes in wastewater systems makes a strong case for the environmental surveillance of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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the first proof of the capability of wastewater surveillance for covid 19 in india through the detection of the Genetic Material of sars cov 2
medRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Manish Kumar, Arbind Kumar Patel, Anil V Shah, Janvi Raval, Neha Rajpara, Madhvi Joshi, C G JoshiAbstract:ABSTRACT we made the first ever successful effort from India to detect the Genetic Material of SARS-CoV-2 viruses to understand the capability and application of WBE surveillance in India. Sampling was carried out on 8 and 27 May, 2020 from Old Pirana Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) at Ahmedabad, Gujarat with 106 million liters per day (MLD) capacity receiving effluent of Civil Hospital treating COVID-19 patient. All three i.e. ORF1ab, N and S genes of SARS-CoV-2 were discerned in the influents with no gene spotted in the effluent collected on 8 and 27 May 2020. Temporal difference between 8 and 27 May 2020 samples was of 10x in gene copy loading with corresponding change of 2x in the number active COVID-19 patient in the city. Number of gene copies was found comparable to that reported in the untreated wastewaters of Australia, China and Turkey and lower than that of the USA, France and Spain. This study, being the first from India and probably among the first ten reports in the world of gene detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the environmental samples, aims to assist concerned authorities and policymakers to formulate and/or upgrade the COVID-19 surveillance to have explicit picture of phase of the pandemic. While infectious SARS-CoV-2 has yet to be identified in the aquatic environment, the virus potentially enters the wastewater stream from patient excretions and thus can be a great tool for pandemic monitoring. HIGHLIGHTS □First ever report of the presence of gene of SARS-CoV-2 in the wastewater in India. □CT value is explicitly indicative of the increase of COVID-19 patient in the vicinity. □All three i.e. ORF1ab, N and S genes of SARS-CoV-2 were discerned in the influents. □None of three genes were spotted in the effluent collected on 8 and 27 May 2020. □Wastewater surveillance conclusively specified temporal difference in COVID-19 load. □Temporal difference was 10x and 2x in gene copies and COVID-19 patient, respectively.
Gang Niu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tumacrophage macrophages transformed into tumor stem like cells by virulent Genetic Material from tumor cells
Oncotarget, 2017Co-Authors: Yizhuang Zhang, Na Zhou, Xuehui Zhang, Zhen Lei, Yiqing Mao, Xi Wang, Jinshu Zhang, Hongyan Guo, David M Irwin, Gang NiuAbstract:// Yizhuang Zhang 1, * , Na Zhou 1, * , Xiuyan Yu 1, * , Xuehui Zhang 1 , Shanxin Li 1 , Zhen Lei 5 , Ruobi Hu 1 , Hui Li 1 , Yiqing Mao 1 , Xi Wang 1 , Jinshu Zhang 2 , Yuan Li 3 , Hongyan Guo 3 , David M. Irwin 4 , Gang Niu 5 and Huanran Tan 1 1 Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 305 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China 3 Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China 4 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada 5 N & N Genetech Company, Ltd., Beijing, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Huanran Tan, email: tanlab@bjmu.edu.cn Gang Niu, email: nngene@sohu.com David M. Irwin, email: david.irwin@utoronto.ca Keywords: macrophages, circulating tumor cells, apoptosis, phagocytosis, epithelial tumors Received: May 04, 2017 Accepted: June 20, 2017 Published: July 18, 2017 ABSTRACT Tumor-associated macrophages are regarded as tumor-enhancers as they have key roles in the subversion of adaptive immunity and in inflammatory circuits that promote tumor progression. Here, we show that cancer cells can subvert macrophages yielding cells that have gained pro-tumor functions. When macrophages isolated from mice or humans are co-cultured with dead cancer cell line cells, induced to undergo apoptosis to mimic chemotherapy, up-regulation of pro-tumor gene expression was identified. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cancer cells by macrophages resulted in their transformation into tumor stem (initiating)-like cells, as indicated by the expression of epithelial markers (e.g., cytokeratin) and stem cell markers (e.g., Oct4) and their capability to differentiate in vitro and self-renew in serum-free media. Moreover, we identified a subset of monocytes/macrophages cells in the blood of cancer (breast, ovarian and colorectal) patients undergoing chemotherapy that harbor tumor transcripts. Our findings uncover a new role for macrophages in tumor development, where they can be transformed into tumor-like cells, potentially by horizontal gene transfer of tumor-derived genes, thus, by taking advantage of chemotherapy, these transformed macrophages promote tumor metastasis by escaping immune surveillance.
Md Main Uddin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first detection of sars cov 2 Genetic Material in the vicinity of covid 19 isolation centre in bangladesh variation along the sewer network
Science of The Total Environment, 2021Co-Authors: Firoz Ahmed, Md Aminul Islam, Manish Kumar, Maqsud Hossain, P Bhattacharya, Md Tahmidul Islam, Foysal Hossen, Md Shahadat Hossain, Md Sydul Islam, Md Main UddinAbstract:We made the first and successful attempt to detect SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Material in the vicinity wastewaters of an isolation centre i.e. Shaheed Bhulu Stadium, situated at Noakhali, Southeastern Bangladesh. Owing to the fact that isolation centre, in general, always contained a constant number of 200 COVID-19 patients, the prime objective of the study was to check if several drains carrying RNA of coronavirus are actually getting diluted or accumulated along with the sewage network. Our finding suggested that while the temporal variation of the Genetic load decreased in small drains over the span of 50 days, the main sewer exhibited accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Other interesting finding displays that probably distance of sampling location in meters is not likely to have a significant impact on the detected gene concentration, although the quantity of the RNA extracted in the downstream of the drain was higher. These findings are of immense value from the perspective of wastewater surveillance of COVID-19, as they largely imply that we do not need to monitor every wastewater system, and probably major drains monitoring may illustrate the city health. Perhaps, we are reporting the accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Material along with the sewer network i.e. from primary to tertiary drains. The study sought further data collection in this line to simulate conditions prevailed in most of the developing countries and to shed further light on decay/accumulation processes of the Genetic load of the SARS-COV-2.
