The Experts below are selected from a list of 14265 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Hans Kroath - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Genetically Modified Organisms in FoodScreening and Specific Detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1999
    Co-Authors: Sabine Vollenhofer, Kornel Burg, Josef Schmidt, Hans Kroath
    Abstract:

    PCR methods for the detection of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) were developed that can be used for screening purposes and for specific detection of glyphosate-tolerant soybean and insect-resistant maize in food. Primers were designed to amplify parts of the 35S promoter derived from Cauliflower Mosaic Virus, the NOS terminator derived from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the antibiotic marker gene NPTII (neomycin-phosphotransferase II), to allow for general screening of foods. PCR/hybridization protocols were established for the detection of glyphosate-tolerant RoundUp Ready soybean and insect-resistant Bt-maize. Besides hybridization, confirmation of the results using restriction analysis was also possible. The described methods enabled a highly sensitive and specific detection of GMOs and thus provide a useful tool for routine analysis of raw and processed food products. Keywords: Polymerase Chain Reaction; PCR; Genetically Modified Organisms; food analysis

  • Detection of Genetically Modified Organisms in food
    Deutsche Lebensmittel-rundschau, 1999
    Co-Authors: Sabine Vollenhofer, Kornel Burg, Josef Schmidt, Hans Kroath
    Abstract:

    PCR methods for the detection of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) were developed that can be used for screening purposes and for specific detection of glyphosate-tolerant soybean and insect-resistant maize in food. Protocols for amplification of parts of the 35S promoter derived from Cauliflower Mosaic Virus, the NOS terminator derived from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the antibiotic marker gene NPTII (neomycin-phosphotransferase II) allow for general screening of foods. PCR/hybridisation protocols were established for the detection of glyphosate-tolerant RoundUp Ready soybean and insect-resistant Bt-maize. Besides hybridisation, confirmation of results using restriction analysis was also possible. Highly sensitive detection of GMOs - in most cases 0.01% - could be achieved.

Gunther Schmidt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Supporting monitoring effects of Genetically Modified Organisms by GIS-technologies and geodata - an overview
    BioRisk, 2013
    Co-Authors: Winfried Schroeder, Gunther Schmidt
    Abstract:

    The approval of Genetically Modified Organisms for deliberate release and placing on the market requires environmental risk assessment and environmental monitoring. Methodological approaches and implementation of both tasks are still controversially discussed. This article analyses principles of environmental monitoring of Genetically Modified Organisms as published in the Guideline 4330 Part 1 of the Association of German Engineers. Thereby, the article concentrates on the characterisation of the receiving environment affected by cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms and the representativeness of monitoring systems to assess large-scale implications of the cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms. Based on this, the article introduces statistical and geoinformatic measures as well as relevant geodata to deal with these issues.

  • Information system for monitoring environmental impacts of Genetically Modified Organisms
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2010
    Co-Authors: Hauke Reuter, Gunther Schmidt, Ulrike Middelhoff, Frieder Graef, Richard Verhoeven, Thomas Batz, Martin Weis, Winfried Schröder, Broder Breckling
    Abstract:

    Background, aim and scope European legislation stipulates that Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) have to be monitored to identify potential adverse environmental effects. A wealth of different types of monitoring data from various sources including existing environmental monitoring programmes is expected to accumulate. This requires an information system to efficiently structure, process and evaluate the monitoring data.

Jochen Rentsch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Detection and traceability of Genetically Modified Organisms in the food production chain
    Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Marina Miraglia, Hans J.p. Marvin, Karen Gae Berdal, Philippe Corbisier, Arne Holst-jensen, Carlo Brera, Heinz Schimmel, Jochen Rentsch
    Abstract:

    Both labelling and traceability of Genetically Modified Organisms are current issues that are considered in trade and regulation. Currently, labelling of Genetically Modified foods containing detectable transgenic material is required by EU legislation. A proposed package of legislation would extend this labelling to foods without any traces of transgenics. These new legislations would also impose labelling and a traceability system based on documentation throughout the food and feed manufacture system. The regulatory issues of risk analysis and labelling are currently harmonised by Codex Alimentarius. The implementation and maintenance of the regulations necessitates sampling protocols and analytical methodologies that allow for accurate determination of the content of Genetically Modified Organisms within a food and feed sample. Current methodologies for the analysis of Genetically Modified Organisms are focused on either one of two targets, the transgenic DNA inserted- or the novel protein(s) expressed- in a Genetically Modified product. For most DNA-based detection methods, the polymerase chain reaction is employed. Items that need consideration in the use of DNA-based detection methods include the specificity, sensitivity, matrix effects, internal reference DNA, availability of external reference materials, hemizygosity versus homozygosity, extrachromosomal DNA, and international harmonisation. For most protein-based methods, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with antibodies binding the novel protein are employed. Consideration should be given to the selection of the antigen bound by the antibody, accuracy, validation, and matrix effects. Currently, validation of detection methods for analysis of Genetically Modified Organisms is taking place. In addition, new methodologies are developed, including the use of microarrays, mass spectrometry, and surface plasmon resonance. Challenges for GMO detection include the detection of transgenic material in materials with varying chromosome numbers. The existing and proposed regulatory EU requirements for traceability of Genetically Modified products fit within a broader tendency towards traceability of foods in general and, commercially, towards products that can be distinguished from each other. Traceability systems document the history of a product and may serve the purpose of both marketing and health protection. In this framework, segregation and identity preservation systems allow for the separation of Genetically Modified and non-Modified products from "farm to fork". Implementation of these systems comes with specific technical requirements for each particular step of the food processing chain. In addition, the feasibility of traceability systems depends on a number of factors, including unique identifiers for each Genetically Modified product, detection methods, permissible levels of contamination, and financial costs. In conclusion, progress has been achieved in the field of sampling, detection, and traceability of Genetically Modified products, while some issues remain to be solved. For success, much will depend on the threshold level for adventitious contamination set by legislation

Sabine Vollenhofer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Genetically Modified Organisms in FoodScreening and Specific Detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1999
    Co-Authors: Sabine Vollenhofer, Kornel Burg, Josef Schmidt, Hans Kroath
    Abstract:

    PCR methods for the detection of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) were developed that can be used for screening purposes and for specific detection of glyphosate-tolerant soybean and insect-resistant maize in food. Primers were designed to amplify parts of the 35S promoter derived from Cauliflower Mosaic Virus, the NOS terminator derived from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the antibiotic marker gene NPTII (neomycin-phosphotransferase II), to allow for general screening of foods. PCR/hybridization protocols were established for the detection of glyphosate-tolerant RoundUp Ready soybean and insect-resistant Bt-maize. Besides hybridization, confirmation of the results using restriction analysis was also possible. The described methods enabled a highly sensitive and specific detection of GMOs and thus provide a useful tool for routine analysis of raw and processed food products. Keywords: Polymerase Chain Reaction; PCR; Genetically Modified Organisms; food analysis

  • Detection of Genetically Modified Organisms in food
    Deutsche Lebensmittel-rundschau, 1999
    Co-Authors: Sabine Vollenhofer, Kornel Burg, Josef Schmidt, Hans Kroath
    Abstract:

    PCR methods for the detection of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) were developed that can be used for screening purposes and for specific detection of glyphosate-tolerant soybean and insect-resistant maize in food. Protocols for amplification of parts of the 35S promoter derived from Cauliflower Mosaic Virus, the NOS terminator derived from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the antibiotic marker gene NPTII (neomycin-phosphotransferase II) allow for general screening of foods. PCR/hybridisation protocols were established for the detection of glyphosate-tolerant RoundUp Ready soybean and insect-resistant Bt-maize. Besides hybridisation, confirmation of results using restriction analysis was also possible. Highly sensitive detection of GMOs - in most cases 0.01% - could be achieved.

Neela Badrie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Detection approaches for Genetically Modified Organisms in foods
    Food Research International, 2005
    Co-Authors: Anil K. Deisingh, Neela Badrie
    Abstract:

    This review examines the various detection strategies for Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) in food products. It begins with a brief discussion of the issues related to the technology especially the risks and public concerns. An introduction to the biological aspects of the major GMOs then follows. The bulk of the review is concerned with the different approaches toward detection: (a) PCR-based methods such as real-time, duplex and multiplex, (b) the use of biosensors and microarrays, (c) the presence of commercially available kits, and (d) other methods such as electrophoresis and wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Each of these methods is critically discussed and various applications are described.