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David M Jacobowitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Immunohistochemical localization of calretinin in the rat lateral Geniculate Nucleus and its retino-Geniculate projection.
Brain Research, 1992Co-Authors: Mari Arai, Kazutaka Kani, Ryohachi Arai, David M JacobowitzAbstract:Abstract In the present study, we examined the distribution of calretinin-immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies and fibers in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the rat. In normal rats, clusters of immunoreactive cell bodies were found in: (i) the rostral portion of the ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus pars medialis (VLGM), (ii) the interGeniculate leaflet (IGL), (iii) the intermediate region between the VLGM and the ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus pars lateralis (VLGL), (iv) the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, and (v) the caudolateral portion of the VLGM. In the dorsal lateral Geniculate Nucleus (DLG), immunoreactive cell bodies were rarely observed. After uni- or bilateral eye enucleation, no significant alteration in the morphological features or distribution of immunoreactive cell bodies was detected in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus. In normal rats, immunoreactive fibers formed dense plexuses in: (i) the DLG, (ii) the external layer of the VLGL, (iii) the internal layer of the VLGL, (iv) the IGL, (v) the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, and (vi) the optic tract. After unilateral eye enucleation, immunoreactive fibers in the external layer of the VLGL and in the optic tract almost totally disappeared on the contralateral side to the lesion. Unilateral eye enucleation caused a significant decrease of immunoreactive fibers in the DLG and in the internal layer of the VLGL, but a substantial number of immunoreactive fibers still remained there. In the IGL and the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, no observable alteration in the distribution of immunoreactive fibers was detected after uni- or bilateral eye enucleation. In conclusion, (i) subpopulations of neurons of the lateral Geniculate Nucleus are distinguished by the presence of calretinin immunoreactivity, and (ii) calretinin is a chemical component of subpopulations of the contralateral retino-Geniculate pathway, which terminate in the DLG and in the external and internal layers of the VLGL.
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Immunohistochemical localization of calretinin in the rat lateral Geniculate Nucleus and its retino-Geniculate projection.
Brain research, 1992Co-Authors: Mari Arai, Kazutaka Kani, Ryohachi Arai, David M JacobowitzAbstract:In the present study, we examined the distribution of calretinin-immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies and fibers in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the rat. In normal rats, clusters of immunoreactive cell bodies were found in: (i) the rostral portion of the ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus pars medialis (VLGM), (ii) the interGeniculate leaflet (IGL), (iii) the intermediate region between the VLGM and the ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus pars lateralis (VLGL), (iv) the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, and (v) the caudolateral portion of the VLGM. In the dorsal lateral Geniculate Nucleus (DLG), immunoreactive cell bodies were rarely observed. After uni- or bilateral eye enucleation, no significant alteration in the morphological features or distribution of immunoreactive cell bodies was detected in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus. In normal rats, immunoreactive fibers formed dense plexuses in: (i) the DLG, (ii) the external layer of the VLGL, (iii) the internal layer of the VLGL, (iv) the IGL, (v) the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, and (vi) the optic tract. After unilateral eye enucleation, immunoreactive fibers in the external layer of the VLG and in the optic tract almost totally disappeared on the contralateral side to the lesion. Unilateral eye enucleation caused a significant decrease of immunoreactive fibers in the DLG and in the internal layer of the VLGL, but a substantial number of immunoreactive fibers still remained there. In the IGL and the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, no observable alteration in the distribution of immunoreactive fibers was detected after uni- or bilateral eye enucleation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Lorraine Shamalla-hannah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vesicular glutamate transporters in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus: expression of VGLUT2 by retinal terminals.
Brain Research, 2004Co-Authors: Peter W. Land, Elizabeth G. E. Kyonka, Lorraine Shamalla-hannahAbstract:We used immunohistochemistry to localize vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the rat lateral Geniculate Nucleus. The lateral Geniculate Nucleus is intensely immunoreactive for both transporters. Monocular eye removal abolished staining for VGLUT2 in a pattern corresponding to the distribution of terminals from the missing eye, without affecting distribution of VGLUT1 immunoreactivity. These data indicate retinal ganglion cells are the source of VGLUT2-containing synapses in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus.
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Short communication Vesicular glutamate transporters in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus: expression of VGLUT2 by retinal terminals
2004Co-Authors: Peter W. Land, Elizabeth G. E. Kyonka, Lorraine Shamalla-hannahAbstract:We used immunohistochemistry to localize vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the rat lateral Geniculate Nucleus. The lateral Geniculate Nucleus is intensely immunoreactive for both transporters. Monocular eye removal abolished staining for VGLUT2 in a pattern corresponding to the distribution of terminals from the missing eye, without affecting distribution of VGLUT1 immunoreactivity. These data indicate retinal ganglion cells are the source of VGLUT2-containing synapses in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus. D 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Theme: Neurotransmitters, modulators, transporters and receptors Topic: Excitatory amino acids: anatomy and physiology
Gloria D. Guiloff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ultrastructural study of the avian ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus
Visual Neuroscience, 1991Co-Authors: Gloria D. GuiloffAbstract:The ultrastructure of the pigeon and quail ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus was analyzed with standard electron microscopy and horseradish peroxidase tracing of its retinal and tectal afferents. Six types of neurons were distinguished: two large, two medium-sized, and two small types.
Kazutaka Kani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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monoamine oxidase a positive retinal ganglion cells projecting to the superior colliculus and dorsolateral Geniculate Nucleus of the rat brain
Experimental Eye Research, 1998Co-Authors: Junko Nakajima, Kazutaka Kani, Martin Stuart, Toshihiro MaedaAbstract:Abstract Detailed morphology and distribution of monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A) positive retinal ganglion cells, and their synaptic terminals in the superior colliculus and the lateral Geniculate Nucleus, were investigated by light and electron microscopy. In addition, the differences in various retinal ganglion cells with respect to the projection site were examined by the injection of colloidal gold into the superior colliculus and the lateral Geniculate Nucleus. The effects of unilateral enucleation were also examined. In the retina, small, medium and large sized MAO-A-positive ganglion cells were observed; the large sized cells were distributed evenly throughout the retina, while the small and medium sized cells were most numerous in a ring surrounding the central retina and decreased in density near the optic disc and the peripheral retina. The MAO-A-positive terminals in the superior colliculus were smaller in size than those in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus. From colloidal gold injections, it was apparent that the MAO-A-positive ganglion cells projecting to the superior colliculus were generally smaller in size than those projecting to the lateral Geniculate Nucleus. Fourteen days after unilateral enucleation, the MAO-A-positive terminals in the superior colliculus and lateral Geniculate Nucleus contralateral to the enucleated eye had almost disappeared, whereas those in the ipsilateral regions remained unaffected. These findings demonstrate the distribution and projections of the MAO-A-positive ganglion cells.
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Immunohistochemical localization of calretinin in the rat lateral Geniculate Nucleus and its retino-Geniculate projection.
Brain Research, 1992Co-Authors: Mari Arai, Kazutaka Kani, Ryohachi Arai, David M JacobowitzAbstract:Abstract In the present study, we examined the distribution of calretinin-immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies and fibers in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the rat. In normal rats, clusters of immunoreactive cell bodies were found in: (i) the rostral portion of the ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus pars medialis (VLGM), (ii) the interGeniculate leaflet (IGL), (iii) the intermediate region between the VLGM and the ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus pars lateralis (VLGL), (iv) the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, and (v) the caudolateral portion of the VLGM. In the dorsal lateral Geniculate Nucleus (DLG), immunoreactive cell bodies were rarely observed. After uni- or bilateral eye enucleation, no significant alteration in the morphological features or distribution of immunoreactive cell bodies was detected in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus. In normal rats, immunoreactive fibers formed dense plexuses in: (i) the DLG, (ii) the external layer of the VLGL, (iii) the internal layer of the VLGL, (iv) the IGL, (v) the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, and (vi) the optic tract. After unilateral eye enucleation, immunoreactive fibers in the external layer of the VLGL and in the optic tract almost totally disappeared on the contralateral side to the lesion. Unilateral eye enucleation caused a significant decrease of immunoreactive fibers in the DLG and in the internal layer of the VLGL, but a substantial number of immunoreactive fibers still remained there. In the IGL and the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, no observable alteration in the distribution of immunoreactive fibers was detected after uni- or bilateral eye enucleation. In conclusion, (i) subpopulations of neurons of the lateral Geniculate Nucleus are distinguished by the presence of calretinin immunoreactivity, and (ii) calretinin is a chemical component of subpopulations of the contralateral retino-Geniculate pathway, which terminate in the DLG and in the external and internal layers of the VLGL.
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Immunohistochemical localization of calretinin in the rat lateral Geniculate Nucleus and its retino-Geniculate projection.
Brain research, 1992Co-Authors: Mari Arai, Kazutaka Kani, Ryohachi Arai, David M JacobowitzAbstract:In the present study, we examined the distribution of calretinin-immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies and fibers in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the rat. In normal rats, clusters of immunoreactive cell bodies were found in: (i) the rostral portion of the ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus pars medialis (VLGM), (ii) the interGeniculate leaflet (IGL), (iii) the intermediate region between the VLGM and the ventral lateral Geniculate Nucleus pars lateralis (VLGL), (iv) the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, and (v) the caudolateral portion of the VLGM. In the dorsal lateral Geniculate Nucleus (DLG), immunoreactive cell bodies were rarely observed. After uni- or bilateral eye enucleation, no significant alteration in the morphological features or distribution of immunoreactive cell bodies was detected in the lateral Geniculate Nucleus. In normal rats, immunoreactive fibers formed dense plexuses in: (i) the DLG, (ii) the external layer of the VLGL, (iii) the internal layer of the VLGL, (iv) the IGL, (v) the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, and (vi) the optic tract. After unilateral eye enucleation, immunoreactive fibers in the external layer of the VLG and in the optic tract almost totally disappeared on the contralateral side to the lesion. Unilateral eye enucleation caused a significant decrease of immunoreactive fibers in the DLG and in the internal layer of the VLGL, but a substantial number of immunoreactive fibers still remained there. In the IGL and the caudomedial portion of the VLGM, no observable alteration in the distribution of immunoreactive fibers was detected after uni- or bilateral eye enucleation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Marion E. Bickford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synaptic organization of the dorsal lateral Geniculate Nucleus
European Journal of Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Marion E. BickfordAbstract:A half century after Ray Guillery's classic descriptions of cell types, axon types, and synaptic architecture of the dorsal lateral Geniculate Nucleus, the functional organization of this Nucleus, as well as all other thalamic nuclei, is still of enormous interest. This review will focus on two classic papers written by Ray Guillery: 'A study of Golgi preparations from the dorsal lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the adult cat', and 'The organization of synaptic interconnections in the laminae of the dorsal lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the cat', as well as the studies that most directly followed from the insights these landmark manuscripts provided. It is hoped that this review will honor Ray Guillery by encouraging further investigations of the synaptic organization of the dorsal thalamus.
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A GABAergic projection from the pretectum to the dorsal lateral Geniculate Nucleus in the cat
Neuroscience, 1991Co-Authors: J.b. Cucchiaro, Marion E. Bickford, S. M. ShermanAbstract:Abstract To study the projection from the pretectum to the lateral Geniculate Nucleus, we placed wheat-germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase into the lateral Geniculate nuclei of six cats, allowed this marker to be retrogradely transported by afferent axons to their parent somata in the pretectum, and revealed the label in these cells with stabilized tetramethylbenzidine histochemistry. In three cases we made large pressure injections that completely infiltrated the lateral Geniculate Nucleus and extended into neighboring thalamic nuclei; in the other three we made smaller iontophoretic injections largely confined to the A- and C-laminae of the lateral Geniculate Nucleus. In both types of injection we found labeled pretectal cells mainly in the Nucleus of the optic tract but also found some cells labeled in the olivary pretectal Nucleus and the posterior pretectal Nucleus. After one of the larger injections we analysed both sides of the pretectum and found that 11 % of the labeled cells were located contralaterally and were distributed in the same three nuclei. We analysed only the ipsilateral side in the remaining five cats. In those five experiments we also immunohistochemically stained the pretectal sections with an antibody directed against the neurotransmitter, GABA. Of the retrogradely labeled pretectal cells, 40% were also labeled for GABA, and those were similar in soma size (350 μm 2 in cross-sectional area) to those labeled only with the retrograde marker (331 μm 2 ). GABA-positive cells not labeled by retrograde transport were smaller (246 μm 2 ) than either of these other cell populations. These results indicate that at least 40% of the cells involved in the projection from the pretectum to the lateral Geniculate Nucleus are GABAergic. We suggest that this extrathalamic projection may serve to inhibit thalamic GABAergic cells. This, in turn, would disinhibit Geniculate relay cells, thereby facilitating the Geniculate relay of retinal information to cortex.