The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Allison Stewart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does temporary Geographical Proximity predict learning knowledge dynamics in the olympic games
Regional Studies, 2016Co-Authors: Martin Muller, Allison StewartAbstract:Muller M. and Stewart A. Does temporary Geographical Proximity predict learning? Knowledge dynamics in the Olympic Games, Regional Studies. Temporary Geographical Proximity in the form of face-to-face contact is commonly thought to enhance learning. In a sample of individuals (n = 294) involved in knowledge transfer in the Olympic Games, temporary Geographical Proximity emerges as a rather weak predictor of learning, although its explanatory value improves when coupled with organized Proximity. This association disappears, however, when controlling for other predictors, suggesting that there is no unique effect of temporary Geographical Proximity on learning. Part of the effect of temporary Geographical Proximity is mediated through other variables, urging further research into the paths of mediation. Several practical implications for knowledge transfer in mega-events result.
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does temporary Geographical Proximity predict learning knowledge dynamics in the olympic games
Social Science Research Network, 2014Co-Authors: Martin Muller, Allison StewartAbstract:Temporary Geographical Proximity in the form of face-to-face contact is commonly thought to enhance learning. In a sample of individuals (n= 294) involved in knowledge transfer in the Olympic Games, temporary Geographical Proximity emerges as a rather weak predictor of learning, although its explanatory value improves when coupled with organised Proximity. This association disappears, however, when controlling for other predictors, suggesting that there is no unique effect of temporary Geographical Proximity on learning. Part of the effect of temporary Geographical Proximity is mediated through other variables, urging further research into the paths of mediation. Several practical implications for knowledge transfer in mega-events result.
Martin Muller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does temporary Geographical Proximity predict learning knowledge dynamics in the olympic games
Regional Studies, 2016Co-Authors: Martin Muller, Allison StewartAbstract:Muller M. and Stewart A. Does temporary Geographical Proximity predict learning? Knowledge dynamics in the Olympic Games, Regional Studies. Temporary Geographical Proximity in the form of face-to-face contact is commonly thought to enhance learning. In a sample of individuals (n = 294) involved in knowledge transfer in the Olympic Games, temporary Geographical Proximity emerges as a rather weak predictor of learning, although its explanatory value improves when coupled with organized Proximity. This association disappears, however, when controlling for other predictors, suggesting that there is no unique effect of temporary Geographical Proximity on learning. Part of the effect of temporary Geographical Proximity is mediated through other variables, urging further research into the paths of mediation. Several practical implications for knowledge transfer in mega-events result.
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does temporary Geographical Proximity predict learning knowledge dynamics in the olympic games
Social Science Research Network, 2014Co-Authors: Martin Muller, Allison StewartAbstract:Temporary Geographical Proximity in the form of face-to-face contact is commonly thought to enhance learning. In a sample of individuals (n= 294) involved in knowledge transfer in the Olympic Games, temporary Geographical Proximity emerges as a rather weak predictor of learning, although its explanatory value improves when coupled with organised Proximity. This association disappears, however, when controlling for other predictors, suggesting that there is no unique effect of temporary Geographical Proximity on learning. Part of the effect of temporary Geographical Proximity is mediated through other variables, urging further research into the paths of mediation. Several practical implications for knowledge transfer in mega-events result.
André Torre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Geographical Proximity and new short supply food chains
2012Co-Authors: Leila Yasmina Kebir, André TorreAbstract:It is often deplored that the role of Geographical Proximity in creativity, innovation and regional development dynamics has been considered of secondary importance in the recent debates on the end of Geography. However the issue of Geographical Proximity comes back into force today, notably in one of the basic functions of our society: food. Based on the literature on short supply food chains and on the works on Proximity relations, this paper aims at understanding the roles, contents and meaning of different types of proximities, for creativity, innovation and regional development dynamics.
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the role of Proximity during long distance collaborative projects temporary Geographical Proximity helps
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy, 2011Co-Authors: André TorreAbstract:The idea that collaboration is easier between neighbours is nowadays being called into question. The outlines of the different types of proximities have become blurred, and the traditional Proximity relations are being replaced by more contrasted relations, in which long-distance interactions and distrust towards one's neighbours are promoted by the constant development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). This paper aims to analyse the respective role of ICT-based exchanges and of those that are made during face-to-face interactions in cooperation between firms engaged in long-distance collaborations. We base our theoretical considerations on various examples, which are based on the result of field research studies from our own work and then reformatted. We use them as stylised facts.
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on the role played by temporary Geographical Proximity in knowledge transmission
Regional Studies, 2008Co-Authors: André TorreAbstract:Torre A. On the role played by temporary Geographical Proximity in knowledge transmission, Regional Studies. This paper defends the thesis that Geographical Proximity remains essential for knowledge transfer, but not often implies the co-location of innovation and research activities. The need for Geographical Proximity now mostly affects certain stages of the process of production, research or development. Short- or medium-term visits are often sufficient for the partners to exchange the information needed for cooperation. The mobility of individuals makes it possible to implement this mechanism. Temporary Geographical Proximity implies a strong relation to space, but one that differs in nature from that described by the traditional approaches. Torre A. Role de la proximite geographique temporaire dans la transmission de la connaissance, Regional Studies. Dans cet article, nous defendons la these selon laquelle la proximite geographique demeure essentielle au transfert des connaissances mais qu'elle n'im...
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Geographical Proximity and the diffusion of knowledge
2005Co-Authors: Delphine Gallaud, André TorreAbstract:Since the principle that the capacity for innovation is a driving force in the growth of firms or other productive systems has been acknowledged, public policies hold to the view that Geographical Proximity plays a part in the process of the circulation of technology and knowledge, by fostering the kind of face to face relationships needed to establish and maintain a common pool of knowledge. The aim of this article is to question the relevance of these ideas, and enquiring as to whether Geographical Proximity is really needed for the diffusion and exchange of knowledge. A body of literature (local systems of production and externalities) considers permanent Geographical Proximity as a necessary condition for the diffusion of knowledge (I) whereas the articles dealing with transmission channels for externalities, show that Geographical Proximity only influences the innovative performance of firms if there is effective interaction between the agents (II). We show that organisation is the first modality in the transmission of knowledge, and that Geographical Proximity can be temporary, particularly in the initial phases of the R&D processes. The smaller firms are then more acutely aware to fulfil the need of de Geographical Proximity (III). This pattern, applied to plant biotechnology (IV), reveals that SME’s related to the AFI and to agriculture are part of a less diversified and more local innovation network than pharmaceutical SME’s and are more involved in frequent and repeated contacts with the clients and the suppliers.
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Geographical Proximity and circulation of knowledge through inter firm cooperation
ERSA conference papers, 2004Co-Authors: Delphine Gallaud, André TorreAbstract:The production of scientific and technological innovations has become essential for many firms, but the latter are seldom in possession of all the knowledge needed for this activity because of the increasing complexity of knowledge bases or because RD one must also be able to use it in a specific process of production, to transform it into organizational routines, because it is important not only to integrate this knowledge, but ideally to use it to produce new knowledge. This process of creation, re-creation or imitation of new resources not only necessitates several technical and organizational adaptations, but also requires frequent relations of cooperation and partnership. The integration of new knowledge cannot be done in one go, but progressively during the course of the innovation projects, which implies that relations be sustained for a period of time. But the interests of the participants to this interactive process, as well as their opinions concerning technical issues sometimes vary or diverge. This is why co-operations are also sources of tensions and conflicts that jeopardize the adaptation of knowledge produced somewhere else to the context of the firm or even completely hinder the innovation process. In this paper, we try to provide some answers to the following question: What is the role played by Geographical and organized proximities in the context of these external acquisitions of knowledge? In other words, can they help reduce the intensity of conflicts and thus facilitate the interactive process of innovations? First, we present shortcomings of innovation theory and works on spillovers claiming the importance of Geographical Proximity for circulation of knowledge without considering organizational prerequisites to reach this impact. Having explained the relevance of permanent as well as temporary Geographical Proximity, we will then turn to a discussion of conflicts between cooperators within innovation processes from a theoretical as well as an empirical perspective. The empirical study is based on a case study of French biotechnology firms and will serve to prove our hypothesis that temporary Geographical Proximity play an important role in preventing and resolving conflicts between innovators.
Thorsten Beck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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keep walking Geographical Proximity religion and relationship banking
Journal of Corporate Finance, 2019Co-Authors: Thorsten Beck, Steven Ongena, Ilkay şendenizyuncuAbstract:We investigate the Geographical Proximity of firms to their relationship banks. We find that Islamic banks are more remote to their borrowers. We also find that the probability for a firm to connect to a bank substantially decreases in distance, but that the choice along bank characteristics determines how potent distance is in its impact. If the bank in the vicinity is an Islamic bank, distance plays a more muted role, especially in cities with a high conservative party vote and higher trust in religious institutions. Overall, these findings suggest that the presence of banks with certain characteristics in the vicinity may determine the within-firm and across-firm configurations of observable firm-bank connections. (112 words).
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keep walking Geographical Proximity religion and relationship banking
Social Science Research Network, 2016Co-Authors: Thorsten Beck, Steven Ongena, Ilkay şendenizyuncuAbstract:We investigate the Geographical Proximity of firms to their relationship banks. We find that (compared to the firms' average bank) Islamic, foreign and state banks are more, and large banks less remote to their borrowers. We also find that the probability for a firm to connect to a bank substantially decreases in distance, but that the choice along bank characteristics determines how potent distance is in its impact. For example, if the bank in the vicinity is an Islamic bank, distance plays a more muted role, especially in cities in the Mediterranean and Aegean regions, as well as in cities with a high conservative party vote and higher trust in religious institutions. Also when engaging with small, foreign or state banks physical distance no longer plays a crucial role in determining the firms` choices. Overall these findings suggest that the presence of banks with certain characteristics in the vicinity of firms may determine the within-firm and across-firm configurations of observable firm-bank connections.
Henri L F De Groot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regional clusters of innovative activity in europe are social capital and Geographical Proximity key determinants
Applied Economics, 2013Co-Authors: Laura De Dominicis, Raymond J G M Florax, Henri L F De GrootAbstract:Finding proper policy instruments to promote productivity growth features prominently in the Europe 2020 strategy and is central in many national as well as European policy debates. In view of the increased mobility of high-skilled workers in Europe, ongoing globalization and increased interregional and international co-operation, location patterns of innovative activity may be subject to drastic changes. A proper understanding of location patterns of innovative outputs can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of national and European placed-based innovation policies. Building on the literature on the knowledge production function, the aim of this article is to explain the observed differences in the production of innovative outputs across European regions. Our main research question is whether Geographical Proximity and social capital are important vehicles of knowledge transmission in Europe. Several other variables are used to control for structural differences across European regions. We find supp...
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regional clusters of innovative activity in europe are social capital and Geographical Proximity the key determinants
Social Science Research Network, 2011Co-Authors: Laura De Dominicis, Raymond J G M Florax, Henri L F De GrootAbstract:Finding proper policy instruments to promote productivity growth features prominently on the Lisbon agenda and is central in many national as well as European policy debates. In view of the increased mobility of high-skilled workers in Europe, ongoing globalization and increased interregional and international co-operation, location patterns of innovative activity may be subject to drastic changes. A proper understanding of location patterns of innovative outputs can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of national and European innovation policies. Building on the literature on the knowledge production function the aim of this paper is to explain the observed differences in the production of innovative output across European regions. Our main research question is whether Geographical Proximity and social capital are important vehicles of knowledge transmission for the production of innovative output in Europe. Several other variables are used to control for structural differences across European regions. We find support for the hypothesis that both social capital and Geographical Proximity are important factors in explaining the differences in the production of innovative output across European regions.
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regional clusters of innovative activity in europe are social capital and Geographical Proximity the key determinants
Research Papers in Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Laura De Dominicis, Raymond J G M Florax, Henri L F De GrootAbstract:Finding proper policy instruments to promote productivity growth features prominently on the Lisbon agenda and is central in many national as well as European policy debates. In view of the increased mobility of high-skilled workers in Europe, ongoing globalization and increased interregional and international co-operation, location patterns of innovative activity may be subject to drastic changes. A proper understanding of location patterns of innovative outputs can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of national and European innovation policies. Building on the literature on the knowledge production function the aim of this paper is to explain the observed differences in the production of innovative output across European regions. Our main research question is whether Geographical Proximity and social capital are important vehicles of knowledge transmission for the production of innovative output in Europe. Several other variables are used to control for structural differences across European regions. We find support for the hypothesis that both social capital and Geographical Proximity are important factors in explaining the differences in the production of innovative output across European regions. This discussion paper led to a publication in Applied Economics .