The Experts below are selected from a list of 27945 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Eric Yu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Interactive goal model analysis for early requirements engineering
Requirements Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Jennifer Horkoff, Eric YuAbstract:In Goal-Oriented requirements engineering, goal models have been advocated to express stakeholder objectives and to capture and choose among system requirement candidates. A number of highly automated procedures have been proposed to analyze goal achievement and select alternative requirements using goal models. However, during the early stages of requirements exploration, these procedures are difficult to apply, as stakeholder goals are typically high-level, abstract, and hard-to-measure. Automated procedures often require formal representations and/or information not easily acquired in early stages (e.g., costs, temporal constraints). Consequently, early requirements engineering (RE) presents specific challenges for goal model analysis, including the need to encourage and support stakeholder involvement (through interactivity) and model improvement (through iterations). This work provides a consolidated and updated description of a framework for iterative, interactive, agent-goal model analysis for early RE. We use experiences in case studies and literature surveys to guide the design of agent-goal model analysis specific to early RE. We introduce analysis procedures for the i* Goal-Oriented framework, allowing users to ask “what if?” and “are certain goals achievable? how? or why not?” The i* language and our analysis procedures are formally defined. We describe framework implementation, including model visualization techniques and scalability tests. Industrial, group, and individual case studies are applied to test framework effectiveness. Contributions, including limitations and future work, are described.
-
Comparison and evaluation of Goal-Oriented satisfaction analysis techniques
Requirements Engineering, 2013Co-Authors: Jennifer Horkoff, Eric YuAbstract:Goal-Oriented requirements engineering (GORE) has been introduced as a means of modeling and understanding the motivations for system requirements. Using models to make goals explicit helps to avoid system failures due to implementing the wrong requirements or ignoring certain stakeholder needs. These models are unique when compared to other models used in system analysis in that their structure naturally lends itself to an analysis of goal satisfaction. Existing work claims that analysis using goal models can facilitate decision making over functional or design alternatives, using criteria in the model. Many different approaches to the analysis of Goal-Oriented requirements models have been proposed, including several procedures that analyze the satisfaction or denial of goals. These procedures make different choices in their interpretation of the goal model syntax, the methods to resolve conflicting or partial evidence, and in the way they represent satisfaction. This work uses three available tools implementing seven similar goal satisfaction analysis procedures to analyze three sample goal models. Results are reported and compared. The purpose of this comparison is to understand the ways in which procedural design choices affect analysis results, and how differences in analysis results could lead to different recommendations over alternatives in the model. Our comparison shows that different satisfaction analysis techniques for goal models can produce variable results, depending on the structure of the model. Comparison findings lead us to recommend the use of satisfaction analysis techniques for goal models as only heuristics for decision making. Our results emphasize investigation into the benefits of satisfaction analysis beyond decision making, namely improving model quality, increasing domain knowledge, and facilitating communication.
-
evaluating goal models within the goal oriented requirement language
International Journal of Intelligent Systems, 2010Co-Authors: Daniel Amyot, Jennifer Horkoff, Sepideh Ghanavati, Liam Peyton, Gunter Mussbacher, Eric YuAbstract:In this article, we introduce the application of rigorous analysis procedures to goal models to provide several benefits beyond the initial act of modeling. Such analysis can allow modelers to assess the satisfaction of goals, facilitate evaluation of high-level design alternatives, help analysts decide on the high-level requirements and design of the system, test the sanity of a model, and support communication and learning. The analysis of goal models can be done in very different ways depending on the nature of the model and the purpose of the analysis. In our work, we use the Goal-Oriented Requirement Language (GRL), which is part of the User Requirements Notation (URN). URN, a new Recommendation of the International Telecommunications Union, provides the first standard Goal-Oriented language. Using GRL, we develop an approach to analysis that can be done by evaluating qualitative or quantitative satisfaction levels of the actors and intentional elements (e.g., goals and tasks) composing the model. Initial satisfaction levels for some of the intentional elements are provided in a strategy and then propagated to the other intentional elements of the model through the various links that connect them. The results allow for an assessment of the relative effectiveness of design alternatives at the requirements level. Although no specific propagation algorithm is imposed in the URN standard, different criteria for defining evaluation mechanisms are described. We provide three algorithms (quantitative, qualitative, and hybrid) as examples, which satisfy the constraints imposed by the standard. These algorithms have been implemented in the open-source jUCMNav tool, an Eclipse-based editor for URN models. The algorithms are presented and compared with the help of a telecommunication system example. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
-
From object-oriented to Goal-Oriented requirements analysis
Communications of the ACM, 1999Co-Authors: John Mylopoulos, Lawrence Chung, Eric YuAbstract:The growing influence of object-oriented programming on programming practice has led to the rise of a new paradigm for system and software requirements analysis, popularly known as object-oriented analysis (OOA). This paradigm adopts ideas from object-oriented programming and blends them with ideas from semantic data modeling and knowledge representation (notably semantic networks) into a modeling framework that is more powerful than traditional techniques such as data flow diagrams, structured analysis, and the like.
Emmanuel Letier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Using intentional fragments to bridge the gap between organizational and intentional levels
Information and Software Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Mario Cortes-cornax, D.b Rieu, S.b Dupuy-Chessa, Alexandru Matei, Nadine Mandran, Emmanuel LetierAbstract:Business process models provide a natural way to describe real-world processes to be supported by software-intensive systems. These models can be used to analyze processes in the system-as-is and describe potential improvements for the system-to-be. There is however little support to analyze how well a given business process model satisfies its business goals. We relate business process models to goal models so Goal-Oriented requirements engineering techniques can be used to analyze how well the business processes for the system-as-is satisfy the business goals. In a previous work we focused on the participant's local perspective (orchestration). In this paper we extend this previous work to address the aforementioned problems also considering the global perspective of the inter-organizational business process given by choreography models. The paper establishes relationships between BPMN 2.0 diagrams (collaboration and choreography) and the KAOS Goal-Oriented requirements modelling framework through the notion of intentional fragment.
-
Using intentional fragments to bridge the gap between organizational and intentional levels
Information and Software Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Mario Cortes-cornax, D.b Rieu, S.b Dupuy-Chessa, Alexandru Matei, Nadine Mandran, Emmanuel LetierAbstract:Context: Business process models provide a natural way to describe real-world processes to be supported by software-intensive systems. These models can be used to analyze processes in the system-as-is and describe potential improvements for the system-to-be. But, how well does a given business process model satisfy its business goals? How can different perspectives be integrated in order to describe an inter-organizational process? Objective: The aim of the present paper is to link the local and the global perspectives of the inter-organizational business process defined in BPMN 2.0 (Business Process Model and Notation) to KAOS goal models (Keep All Objectives Satisfied). We maintain a separation of concerns between the intentional level captured by the goal model and the organizational level captured by the process model. The paper presents the concept of intentional fragment (a set of flow elements of the process with a common purpose) and assess its usefulness. Method: We conducted empirical experiments where the proposed concepts - here the intentional fragments - are validated by users. Our method relies on an iterative improvement process led by users feedback. Results: We find that the concept of intentional fragment is useful for (1) analyzing the business process model (2) reasoning about the relations between the goal model and the business process model and (3) identifying new goals. In a previous work we focused on BPMN 2.0 collaboration models (local view). This paper extends the previous work by integrating the global view given by choreography models in the approach. Conclusion: We conclude that the notion of intentional fragment is a useful mean to relate business process models and goal models while dealing with their different nature (activity oriented vs goal oriented). Intentional fragments can also be used to analyze the process model and to infer new goals in an iterative manner.
-
Intentional fragments: Bridging the gap between organizational and intentional levels in business processes
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 2012Co-Authors: Mario Cortes-cornax, Emmanuel Letier, S.b Dupuy-Chessa, Alexandru Matei, D.b RieuAbstract:Business process models provide a natural way to describe real-world processes to be supported by software-intensive systems. These models can be used to analyze processes in the system-as-is and describe potential improvements for the system-to-be. There is however little support to analyze how well a given business process models satisfies its business goals. Our objective is to address these problems by relating business process models to goal models so that Goal-Oriented requirements engineering techniques can be used to analyze how well the business processes for the system-as-is satisfy the business goals. The paper establishes relationships between BPMN 2.0 and the KAOS Goal-Oriented requirements modelling framework. We present the notion of intentional fragment to bridge the gap between process models and goal models. We conducted an evaluation to analyze use of this concept in the context of a university process. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.
John Mylopoulos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
RE - Goal-Oriented Conceptual Database Design
15th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE 2007), 2007Co-Authors: Lei Jiang, Thodoros Topaloglou, Alexander Borgida, John MylopoulosAbstract:We present details of a Goal-Oriented process for database requirements analysis. This process consists of a number of steps, spanning the spectrum from high-level stakeholder goal analysis to detailed conceptual schema design. The paper shows how goal modeling contributes to systematic scoping and analysis of the application domain, and subsequent formal specification of database requirements based on this domain analysis. Moreover, a Goal-Oriented design strategy is proposed to structure the transformation from the domain model to the conceptual schema, according to a set of user defined design issues, also modeled as goals. The proposed process is illustrated step-by-step using a running example from the design of a real-world, industrial biological database. We also report early progress towards building full tool support, by presenting a prototype that captures and stores design sessions in a queryable form. This facility makes it possible to answer questions that are hard, if not impossible, to answer using existing methodologies for database design.
-
WISE - From task-oriented to Goal-Oriented Web requirements analysis
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials (Cat. No.03CH37417), 2003Co-Authors: Davide Bolchini, John MylopoulosAbstract:Task analysis has been used traditionally in HCI and CSCW to define requirements for user interfaces, Web-based or otherwise. This paper argues that a shift of paradigm is needed in Web engineering from task-oriented to Goal-Oriented approaches for designing applications delivering a quality user experience and achieving the objectives of the stakeholders. Task models focus on fine-grained and precisely defined user needs, thereby risking a commitment to premature design decisions. Moreover, since task analysis focuses on users doing things with the system, tasks do not capture the goals of other stakeholders who are not users. Goal-Oriented methods, on the other hand, provide specific support for coping with high-level users' and stakeholders' goals, facilitates the exploration of design alternatives and the definition of requirements at a suitable level of abstraction. As such, goal-based techniques are more suitable for early stages of requirements analysis; task models can be used for later stages, such as detailed interaction design and usability evaluation. The paper conducts a detailed comparison of task and goal-analysis design techniques, using an ongoing project for a museum Web site to illustrate the two techniques and their relative strengths.
-
From task-oriented to Goal-Oriented Web requirements analysis
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering 2003. WISE 2003., 2003Co-Authors: Davide Bolchini, John MylopoulosAbstract:Task analysis has been used traditionally in HCI and CSCW to define requirements for user interfaces, Web-based or otherwise. This paper argues that a shift of paradigm is needed in Web engineering from task-oriented to Goal-Oriented approaches for designing applications delivering a quality user experience and achieving the objectives of the stakeholders. Task models focus on fine-grained and precisely defined user needs, thereby risking a commitment to premature design decisions. Moreover, since task analysis focuses on users doing things with the system, tasks do not capture the goals of other stakeholders who are not users. Goal-Oriented methods, on the other hand, provide specific support for coping with high-level users' and stakeholders' goals, facilitates the exploration of design alternatives and the definition of requirements at a suitable level of abstraction. As such, goal-based techniques are more suitable for early stages of requirements analysis; task models can be used for later stages, such as detailed interaction design and usability evaluation. The paper conducts a detailed comparison of task and goal-analysis design techniques, using an ongoing project for a museum Web site to illustrate the two techniques and their relative strengths.
-
From object-oriented to Goal-Oriented requirements analysis
Communications of the ACM, 1999Co-Authors: John Mylopoulos, Lawrence Chung, Eric YuAbstract:The growing influence of object-oriented programming on programming practice has led to the rise of a new paradigm for system and software requirements analysis, popularly known as object-oriented analysis (OOA). This paradigm adopts ideas from object-oriented programming and blends them with ideas from semantic data modeling and knowledge representation (notably semantic networks) into a modeling framework that is more powerful than traditional techniques such as data flow diagrams, structured analysis, and the like.
Sergei V Adamovich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
transcranial magnetic stimulation to the frontal operculum and supramarginal gyrus disrupts planning of outcome based hand object interactions
The Journal of Neuroscience, 2008Co-Authors: Eugene Tunik, Onyee Lo, Sergei V AdamovichAbstract:Behavioral data suggest that goals inform the selection of motor commands during planning. We investigated the neural correlates that mediate planning of Goal-Oriented actions by asking 10 healthy subjects to prepare either a goal-specific movement toward a common object (a cup), with the intent of grasping-to-pour (liquid into it) or grasping-to-move (to another location) the object, or performing a non-object-oriented stimulus-response task (move a finger). Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was administered on 50% of trials to the supramarginal gyrus (SMG), anterior intraparietal sulcus, inferior frontal gyrus opercularis (IFGo), and triangularis during motor planning. Stimulation to SMG and IFGo caused a significant delay in planning Goal-Oriented actions but not responses to an arbitrary stimulus. Despite the delay, movement execution was not affected, suggesting that the motor plan remained intact. Our data implicate the SMG and IFGo in planning Goal-Oriented hand–object interactions.
-
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to the Frontal Operculum and Supramarginal Gyrus Disrupts Planning of Outcome-Based Hand–Object Interactions
The Journal of Neuroscience, 2008Co-Authors: Eugene Tunik, Onyee Lo, Sergei V AdamovichAbstract:Behavioral data suggest that goals inform the selection of motor commands during planning. We investigated the neural correlates that mediate planning of Goal-Oriented actions by asking 10 healthy subjects to prepare either a goal-specific movement toward a common object (a cup), with the intent of grasping-to-pour (liquid into it) or grasping-to-move (to another location) the object, or performing a non-object-oriented stimulus-response task (move a finger). Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was administered on 50% of trials to the supramarginal gyrus (SMG), anterior intraparietal sulcus, inferior frontal gyrus opercularis (IFGo), and triangularis during motor planning. Stimulation to SMG and IFGo caused a significant delay in planning Goal-Oriented actions but not responses to an arbitrary stimulus. Despite the delay, movement execution was not affected, suggesting that the motor plan remained intact. Our data implicate the SMG and IFGo in planning Goal-Oriented hand–object interactions.
Lawrence Chung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
A modeling framework for business process reengineering using big data analytics and a goal-orientation
2017 11th International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS), 2017Co-Authors: Grace Park, Lawrence Chung, Latifur Khan, Sooyong ParkAbstract:A business process is a collection of activities to create more business values and its continuous improvement aligned with business goals is essential to survive in fast changing business environment. However, it is quite challenging to find out whether a change of business processes positively affects business goals or not, if there are problems in the changing, what the reasons of the problems are, what solutions exist for the problems and which solutions should be selected. Big data analytics along with a goal-orientation which helps find out insights from a large volume of data in a goal concept opens up a new way for an effective business process reengineering. In this paper, we suggest a novel modeling framework which consists of a conceptual modeling language, a process and a tool for effective business processes reengineering using big data analytics and a Goal-Oriented approach. The modeling language defines important concepts for business process reengineering with metamodels and shows the concepts with complementary views: Business Goal-Process-Big Analytics Alignment View, Transformational Insight View and Big Analytics Query View. Analyzers hypothesize problems and solutions of business processes by using the modeling language, and the problems and solutions will be validated by the results of Big Analytics Queries which supports not only standard SQL operation, but also analytics operation such as prediction. The queries are run in an execution engine of our tool on top of Spark which is one of big data processing frameworks. In a Goal-Oriented spirit, all concepts not only business goals and business processes, but also big analytics queries are considered as goals, and alternatives are explored and selections are made among the alternatives using trade-off analysis. To illustrate and validate our approach, we use an automobile logistics example, then compare previous work.
-
GOMA: Supporting Big Data Analytics with a Goal-Oriented Approach
2016 IEEE International Congress on Big Data (BigData Congress), 2016Co-Authors: Sam Supakkul, Liping Zhao, Lawrence ChungAbstract:The real value of Big Data lies in its hidden insights, but the current focus of the Big Data community is on the technologies for mining insights from massive data, rather than the data itself. The biggest challenge facing industries is not how to identify the right data, but instead, it is how to use insights obtained from Big Data to improve the business. To address this challenge, we propose GOMA, a Goal-Oriented modeling approach to Big Data analytics. Powered by Big Data insights, GOMA uses a Goal-Oriented approach to capture business goals, reason about business situations, and guide decision-making processes. GOMA provides a systematic approach for integrating two types of the resulting insight from data analytics to Goal-Oriented reasoning and decision-making processes: descriptive insights are the ones that describe the current state (e.g., the current customer retention rate) and predictive insights are the ones that predict likely future phenomena by inference from the data (e.g., customers who are likely to defect). To aid in the description and illustration of the GOMA approach, a retail banking churning scenario is used as a running example throughout this paper.
-
From object-oriented to Goal-Oriented requirements analysis
Communications of the ACM, 1999Co-Authors: John Mylopoulos, Lawrence Chung, Eric YuAbstract:The growing influence of object-oriented programming on programming practice has led to the rise of a new paradigm for system and software requirements analysis, popularly known as object-oriented analysis (OOA). This paradigm adopts ideas from object-oriented programming and blends them with ideas from semantic data modeling and knowledge representation (notably semantic networks) into a modeling framework that is more powerful than traditional techniques such as data flow diagrams, structured analysis, and the like.
