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Michael D Sorenson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phylogenetic and structural analysis of the hba αa βa and hbd αd βa hemoglobin genes in two high altitude waterfowl from the himalayas and the andes bar headed Goose anser indicus and andean Goose chloephaga melanoptera
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2010Co-Authors: Kevin G Mccracken, Christopher P Barger, Michael D SorensonAbstract:Abstract Two species of waterfowl living at high altitude provide a prominent example of parallel adaptation at the molecular level. The bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus) breeds at high elevations in central Asia and migrates across the Himalayas, where the partial pressure of oxygen (O2) is one-third of sea level. In South America, the distantly related Andean Goose (Chloephaga melanoptera) is endemic to the high Andes. Both species exhibit increased blood–O2 affinity, which has been attributed to the effects of single amino acid substitutions in the major hemoglobin. Here we present phylogenetic analyses of the swans and geese (Anserinae) and South American sheldgeese (Anatinae) using the three genes that encode the major (HbA) and minor (HbD) hemoglobin isoforms. We sought to determine whether two amino acid substitutions that have been the focus of extensive biochemical analysis (Ala-αA119 and Ser-βA55) are uniquely derived in bar-headed Goose and Andean Goose, respectively, and to examine evidence of molecular adaptation at other positions in hemoglobin genes by comparing these two high-altitude taxa to their closest relatives. Bayesian analysis of the αA-, αD-, and βA-subunit genes produced well-resolved phylogenies, with high posterior probabilities and bootstrap values for most genera. The bar-headed Goose is likely sister to all other Anser species. Andean Goose, the sole highland representative of the South American sheldgeese is either sister to the other Chloephaga species or sister to Neochen. In the bar-headed Goose, four derived substitutions were observed in HbA (αA12, 18, 63, 119) and two in HbD (αD2, 47). Four derived substitutions in Andean Goose include three in HbA (αA8, 77; βA86) and two in HbD (αD9; βA86). Considering both highland species, four substitutions (Ala-αA8, Ala-αA12, Ser-αA18, Leu-αD9) were located at adjacent positions on the A helix (or AB corner) of the α-chains, three others (Thr-αA77, Ser-βA86, Ser-αD2) were in close proximity to inositolpentaphosphate (IP5) binding sites, and Ala-αA119 occurred at an αβ intersubunit contact. Ser-βA55, which is involved in the same αβ intersubunit contact and was previously shown to increase Hb–O2 affinity, is not unique to Andean Goose, but is a synapomorphy of the South American sheldgeese, a clade of predominantly lowland waterfowl. Our findings illustrate the importance of understanding phylogenetic relationships and polarity of character-state changes when making inferences about adaptive evolution.
Tuoyu Geng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fads1 and 2 are promoted to meet instant need for long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in Goose fatty liver
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Rashid H Osman, Daoqing Gong, Xing Zhao, Qianqian Wang, Yihui Zhang, Biao Yang, Yun Zheng, Tuoyu GengAbstract:Global prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) constitutes a threat to human health. Goose is a unique model of NAFLD for discovering therapeutic targets as its liver can develop severe steatosis without overt injury. Fatty acid desaturase (Fads) is a potential therapeutic target as Fads expression and mutations are associated with liver fat. Here, we hypothesized that Fads was promoted to provide a protection for Goose fatty liver. To test this, Goose Fads1 and Fads2 were sequenced. Fads1/2/6 expression was determined in Goose liver and primary hepatocytes by quantitative PCR. Liver fatty acid composition was also analyzed by gas chromatography. Data indicated that hepatic Fads1/2/6 expression was gradually increased with the time of overfeeding. In contrast, trans-C18:1n9 fatty acid (Fads inhibitor) was reduced. However, enhanced Fads capacity for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) synthesis was not sufficient to compensate for the depleted LC-PUFAs in Goose fatty liver. Moreover, cell studies showed that Fads1/2/6 expression was regulated by fatty liver-associated factors. Together, these findings suggest Fads1/2 as protective components are promoted to meet instant need for LC-PUFAs in Goose fatty liver, and we propose this is required for severe hepatic steatosis without liver injury.
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identification of protective components that prevent the exacerbation of Goose fatty liver characterization expression and regulation of adiponectin receptors
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B, 2016Co-Authors: Tuoyu Geng, Xing Zhao, Qianqian Wang, Biao Yang, Lili Xia, Daoqing GongAbstract:Fat accumulation in the liver is a natural process in Goose, which prepares Goose for long-distance migration. In contrast to mammalian fatty liver that usually progresses into an irreversible status, steatohepatitis, Goose fatty liver can return to normal without obvious pathological damage, suggesting a protective system exists in Goose liver. This study was to identify the components of this system. We first focused on Goose adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 (Adipor1/2) as they have ceramidase activity, and can cleave ceramide, a group of proinflammatory signaling lipid species. Quantitative analysis indicated that tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnfα), a key proinflammatory cytokine, was down-regulated in Goose fatty liver by overfeeding. This inhibition of Tnfα was accompanied with reduced adiponectin and increased Adipor1/2 in the adipose tissues and in the livers of the overfed geese, respectively. To investigate the regulation of Goose Adipor2 in the context of fatty liver, we treated Goose primary hepatocytes with fatty liver associated factors. Data indicated that Adipor2 was upregulated by glucose and oleate but not palmitate. Its expression was even suppressed by high level of insulin. The regulation of Adipor1 by these factors was quite similar to that of Adipor2 except that glucose did not induce Adipor1. Together, these findings suggest the upregulation of Adipor1/2 may, at least partially, contribute to the inhibition of inflammation in Goose fatty liver, and the expression of Adipor1/2 can be regulated by fatty liver-associated factors.
Kevin G Mccracken - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phylogenetic and structural analysis of the hba αa βa and hbd αd βa hemoglobin genes in two high altitude waterfowl from the himalayas and the andes bar headed Goose anser indicus and andean Goose chloephaga melanoptera
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2010Co-Authors: Kevin G Mccracken, Christopher P Barger, Michael D SorensonAbstract:Abstract Two species of waterfowl living at high altitude provide a prominent example of parallel adaptation at the molecular level. The bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus) breeds at high elevations in central Asia and migrates across the Himalayas, where the partial pressure of oxygen (O2) is one-third of sea level. In South America, the distantly related Andean Goose (Chloephaga melanoptera) is endemic to the high Andes. Both species exhibit increased blood–O2 affinity, which has been attributed to the effects of single amino acid substitutions in the major hemoglobin. Here we present phylogenetic analyses of the swans and geese (Anserinae) and South American sheldgeese (Anatinae) using the three genes that encode the major (HbA) and minor (HbD) hemoglobin isoforms. We sought to determine whether two amino acid substitutions that have been the focus of extensive biochemical analysis (Ala-αA119 and Ser-βA55) are uniquely derived in bar-headed Goose and Andean Goose, respectively, and to examine evidence of molecular adaptation at other positions in hemoglobin genes by comparing these two high-altitude taxa to their closest relatives. Bayesian analysis of the αA-, αD-, and βA-subunit genes produced well-resolved phylogenies, with high posterior probabilities and bootstrap values for most genera. The bar-headed Goose is likely sister to all other Anser species. Andean Goose, the sole highland representative of the South American sheldgeese is either sister to the other Chloephaga species or sister to Neochen. In the bar-headed Goose, four derived substitutions were observed in HbA (αA12, 18, 63, 119) and two in HbD (αD2, 47). Four derived substitutions in Andean Goose include three in HbA (αA8, 77; βA86) and two in HbD (αD9; βA86). Considering both highland species, four substitutions (Ala-αA8, Ala-αA12, Ser-αA18, Leu-αD9) were located at adjacent positions on the A helix (or AB corner) of the α-chains, three others (Thr-αA77, Ser-βA86, Ser-αD2) were in close proximity to inositolpentaphosphate (IP5) binding sites, and Ala-αA119 occurred at an αβ intersubunit contact. Ser-βA55, which is involved in the same αβ intersubunit contact and was previously shown to increase Hb–O2 affinity, is not unique to Andean Goose, but is a synapomorphy of the South American sheldgeese, a clade of predominantly lowland waterfowl. Our findings illustrate the importance of understanding phylogenetic relationships and polarity of character-state changes when making inferences about adaptive evolution.
Youxiang Diao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first report of a novel Goose astrovirus outbreak in cherry valley ducklings in china
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2020Co-Authors: Hao Chen, Youxiang Diao, Bin Zhang, Min Yan, Yi TangAbstract:A highly acute disease broke out in ducklings in Shandong Province in March 2019. The disease was characterized as visceral gout, with a mortality rate of 30%. The causative agent, which has given rise to similar symptoms in goslings, has been confirmed to be a novel Goose astrovirus. The novel Goose astrovirus, which was designated as the SDXT strain, was identified from a diseased duck farm using duck embryo primary cells in an experimental infection test. Genomic sequence analysis, as well as phylogenetic analysis of the viral proteins, revealed that the SDXT strain was closely related to a novel Goose astrovirus of the Avastrovirus three species. These results indicate that the novel Goose astrovirus may cross-host infect ducklings. Further studies are needed to define its host range and transmission route.
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Epidemiological investigation of H9 avian influenza virus, Newcastle disease virus, Tembusu virus, Goose parvovirus and Goose circovirus infection of geese in China
Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2017Co-Authors: X. Niu, Yi Tang, Hongzhi Wang, L. Wei, M. Zhang, Jing Yang, Hao Chen, Youxiang DiaoAbstract:To deepen the knowledge about epidemic prevalence in the Goose breeding field, a triplex PCR assay was established, and 478 samples were collected from scaled Goose farms in 11 provinces in China. The results of this epidemiological investigation showed that incidence rates of H9 avian influenza and Goose circovirus were the highest among five infectious diseases that were evaluated. In addition, the triplex PCR assay established remarkable sensitivity, rapidity and versatility compared to other diagnostic methods. Dual infection comprised a large proportion of the co-infections in the field, of which the combinations of H9/Tembusu, H9/Goose circovirus and Goose circovirus/Tembusu co-infected cases were more common. Epidemics were more severe in winter and spring. Additionally, significant differences in the prevalence of these infectious diseases were observed in association with different age groups. In addition, phylogenetic analysis, determined by the neighbour-joining method, was carried out to investigate the evolution of these viruses during the study period. For the most part, virus strains isolated during the study were consistent with most Goose-origin strains isolated from the Chinese mainland over the past few years. However, mutations were observed between isolated H9 avian influenza virus strains and sequences available from GenBank, which should draw much attention.
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Vertical Transmission of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Goose
Frontiers Media S.A., 2017Co-Authors: Yi Tang, Aihua Wang, Youxiang DiaoAbstract:During a study on high mortality cases of Goose embryo in Shandong Province, China (2014–2015), we isolated an H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) strain (A/Goose/Shandong/DP01/2014, DP01), which was supposedly the causative agent for Goose embryo death. Sequence analysis revealed that DP01 shared 99.9% homology in the HA gene with a classic immune suppression strain SD06. To study the potential vertical transmission ability of the DP01 strain in breeder Goose, a total of 105 Taizhou breeder geese, which were 360 days old, were equally divided into five groups (A, B, C, D, and E) for experimental infection. H9N2 AIV (DP01) was used for inoculating through intravenous (group A), intranasal instillation (group B), and throat inoculation (group C) routes, respectively. The geese in group D were inoculated with phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and those in group E were the non-treated group. At 24 h post inoculation, H9N2 viral RNA could be detected at vitelline membrane, embryos, and allantoic fluid of Goose embryos from H9N2 inoculated groups. Furthermore, the HA gene of H9N2 virus from vitelline membrane, embryo, allantoic fluid, and gosling shared almost 100% homology with an H9N2 virus isolated from the ovary of breeder Goose, which laid these eggs, indicating that H9N2 AIV can be vertically transmitted in Goose. The present research study provides evidence that vertical transmission of H9N2 AIV from breeding Goose to goslings is possible
Willem Frederik De Boer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prevalence of LPAIV infection and sample sizes (N positive/N total) of Bean Goose (Anser fabalis), Barnacle Goose (Branta leucopsis) and Greater white-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) at breeding grounds, spring stopover sites and wintering grounds in
2017Co-Authors: Shenglai Yin, H H T Prins, David Kleijn, Gerard J. D. M. Müskens, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Josanne H. Verhagen, Petr M. Glazov, Willem Frederik De BoerAbstract:Prevalence of LPAIV infection and sample sizes (N positive/N total) of Bean Goose (Anser fabalis), Barnacle Goose (Branta leucopsis) and Greater white-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) at breeding grounds, spring stopover sites and wintering grounds in Hungary and the Netherlands.
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Mean instantaneous intake rate (± 95% CI) with differently sized competitors.
2016Co-Authors: Yong Zhang, Lei Cao, Herbert H. T. Prins, Martijn Versluijs, Rick Wessels, Willem Frederik De BoerAbstract:a: swan Goose, b: bean Goose; c: wigeon.
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The relationship between sward height and feeding percentage (a), peck rate (b), instantaneous intake rate (IIR)(c and d) and nitrogen intake (e).
2016Co-Authors: Yong Zhang, Lei Cao, Herbert H. T. Prins, Martijn Versluijs, Rick Wessels, Willem Frederik De BoerAbstract:Dark filled squares: swan Goose; open squares: bean Goose; grey filled squares: wigeon. The error bars show the ± 95% CI.
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Mean nitrogen intake (± 95% CI) with differently sized competitors.
2016Co-Authors: Yong Zhang, Lei Cao, Herbert H. T. Prins, Martijn Versluijs, Rick Wessels, Willem Frederik De BoerAbstract:a: swan Goose, b: bean Goose; c: wigeon. Letters represent the results of the Tukey post-hoc test, indicating differences in nitrogen intake among different species combinations.
