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Qayyum Husain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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calcium alginate starch hybrid support for both surface immobilization and entrapment of bitter Gourd momordica charantia peroxidase
Journal of Molecular Catalysis B-enzymatic, 2009Co-Authors: Mahreen Matto, Qayyum HusainAbstract:Abstract Calcium alginate–starch hybrid gel was employed as an enzyme carrier both for surface immobilization and entrapment of bitter Gourd peroxidase. Entrapped crosslinked concanavalin A–bitter Gourd peroxidase retained 52% of the initial activity while surface immobilized and glutaraldehyde crosslinked enzyme showed 63% activity. A comparative stability of both forms of immobilized bitter Gourd peroxidase was investigated against pH, temperature and chaotropic agent; like urea, heavy metals, water-miscible organic solvents, detergent and inhibitors. Entrapped peroxidase was significantly more stable as compared to surface immobilized form of enzyme. The pH and temperature-optima for both immobilized preparations were the same as for soluble bitter Gourd peroxidase. Entrapped crosslinked concanavalin A–bitter Gourd peroxidase showed 75% of the initial activity while the surface immobilized and crosslinked bitter Gourd peroxidase retained 69% of the original activity after its seventh repeated use.
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potential applications of immobilized bitter Gourd momordica charantia peroxidase in the removal of phenols from polluted water
Chemosphere, 2006Co-Authors: Suhail Akhtar, Qayyum HusainAbstract:Abstract The potential applications of immobilized bitter Gourd peroxidase in the treatment of model wastewater contaminated with phenols have been investigated. The synthetic water was treated with soluble and immobilized enzyme preparations under various experimental conditions. Maximum removal of phenols was found in the buffers of pH values 5.0–6.0 and at 40 °C in the presence of 0.75 mM H 2 O 2 . Fourteen different phenols were independently treated with soluble and immobilized bitter Gourd peroxidase in the buffer of pH 5.6 at 37 °C. Chlorinated phenols and native phenol were significantly removed while other substituted phenols were marginally removed by the treatment. Phloroglucinol and pyrogallol were recalcitrant to the action of bitter Gourd peroxidase. Immobilized bitter Gourd peroxidase preparation was capable of removing remarkably high percentage of phenols from the phenolic mixtures. Significantly higher level of total organic carbon was removed from the model wastewater containing individual phenol or complex mixture of phenols by immobilized bitter Gourd peroxidase as compared to the soluble enzyme. 2,4-dichlorophenol and a phenolic mixture were also treated in a stirred batch reactor with fixed quantity of enzyme for longer duration. The soluble bitter Gourd peroxidase ceased to function after 3 h while the immobilized enzyme was active even after 6 h of incubation with phenolic solutions.
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direct immobilization of peroxidase on deae cellulose from ammonium sulphate fractionated proteins of bitter Gourd momordica charantia
Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2006Co-Authors: Yasha Kulshrestha, Qayyum HusainAbstract:Abstract The direct immobilization of peroxidases on DEAE cellulose from ammonium sulphate fractionated proteins of bitter Gourd has been investigated. The activated DEAE cellulose was quite effective in high yield immobilization of peroxidases from bitter Gourd and it could bind nearly 590 enzyme units per g of the matrix. Bitter Gourd peroxidase immobilized on this anion exchanger showed very high effectiveness factor ‘ η ’ as 0.95. BGP bound very strongly to the DEAE cellulose, as it did not detach even in the presence of 0.5 M NaCl. Immobilized bitter Gourd peroxidase preparation was more stable to the denaturation induced by pH, heat, urea, proteolytic enzyme, detergents (Surf Excel and Rin powder), Triton X 100 and water-miscible organic solvents (dioxane, dimethyl sulphoxide and n -propanol). Peroxidase adsorbed on the matrix exhibited very high resistance to proteolysis mediated by the trypsin treatment. DEAE cellulose bound bitter Gourd peroxidase lost 45% of its initial activity after treatment with 2.5 mg trypsin per ml of incubation mixture for 1 h at 37 °C while the soluble enzyme lost nearly 65% of the initial activity under similar incubation conditions.
Patricia Vandorpe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a short history of lagenaria siceraria bottle Gourd in the roman provinces morphotypes and archaeogenetics
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2012Co-Authors: Angela Schlumbaum, Patricia VandorpeAbstract:Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. (bottle Gourd) is pantropic and displays large variation in fruit and seed shape. Two subspecies are currently recognized: the African L. siceraria ssp. siceraria and the Asian L. siceraria ssp. asiatica. The Asian type of bottle Gourd belongs to the earliest domesticated plants in the Americas. In Europe, bottle Gourd only appears with some frequency from the Roman period onwards. The paper is the study of ancient DNA (aDNA) and seed morphology of one almost complete bottle Gourd fruit from the Roman site of Oedenburg/Biesheim–Kunheim, France (1st century a.d.), and from individual seed finds from the Roman vicus of Petinesca–Vorderberg, Switzerland (3rd century a.d.), both recovered from waterlogged layers. Width and length measurements of seeds show large variation. Based on the index of width to length, seeds from both sites differ significantly (p < 0.0001 Mann–Whitney) suggesting that there were different variants present north of the Alps. Genetically, the bottle Gourd fruit from Roman Oedenburg/Biesheim–Kunheim and one commercial cultivar L. siceraria cv. ‘Herkuleskeule’ are of Asian origin as identified by three Asian and African specific chloroplast markers. These results support an early and long-lasting presence of the Asian type of domestic bottle Gourd in Europe. No chloroplast markers were found in the seeds from Petinesca–Vorderberg. However preserved nuclear high copy 5.8S rDNA fragments correctly matched to Cucurbitaceae, further supporting the evidence for preservation of DNA in waterlogged plant remains.
Zhangjun Fei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the bottle Gourd genome provides insights into cucurbitaceae evolution and facilitates mapping of a papaya ring spot virus resistance locus
Plant Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Honghe Sun, Jérôme Salse, Xuelian Sui, Alan Wilder, Amnon Levi, Kai-shu Ling, Zhangjun FeiAbstract:Summary Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is an important vegetable crop as well as a rootstock for other cucurbit crops. In this study, we report a high-quality 313.4-Mb genome sequence of a bottle Gourd inbred line, USVL1VR-Ls, with a scaffold N50 of 8.7 Mb and the longest of 19.0 Mb. About 98.3% of the assembled scaffolds are anchored to the 11 pseudomolecules. Our comparative genomic analysis identifies chromosome-level syntenic relationships between bottle Gourd and other cucurbits, as well as lineage-specific gene family expansions in bottle Gourd. We reconstruct the genome of the most recent common ancestor of Cucurbitaceae, which reveals that the ancestral Cucurbitaceae karyotypes consists of 12 protochromosomes with 18,534 protogenes. The 12 protochromosomes are largely retained in the modern melon genome, while have undergone different degrees of shuffling events in other investigated cucurbit genomes. The eleven bottle Gourd chromosomes derive from the ancestral Cucurbitaceae karyotypes followed by 19 chromosomal fissions and 20 fusions. The bottle Gourd genome sequence has facilitated the mapping of a dominant monogenic locus, Prs, conferring Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) resistance in bottle Gourd, to a 317.8-kb region on chromosome 1. We have developed a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker tightly linked to the Prs locus and demonstrated its potential application in marker-assisted selection of PRSV resistance in bottle Gourd. This study provides insights into the paleohistory of Cucurbitaceae genome evolution, and the high-quality genome sequence of bottle Gourd provides a useful resource for plant comparative genomics studies and cucurbit improvement. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Sha Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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partial sequencing of the bottle Gourd genome reveals markers useful for phylogenetic analysis and breeding
BMC Genomics, 2011Co-Authors: Jie Luo, Baogen Wang, Yonghua Liu, Jeffrey D Ehlers, Sha WangAbstract:Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] is an important cucurbit crop worldwide. Archaeological research indicates that bottle Gourd was domesticated more than 10,000 years ago, making it one of the earliest plants cultivated by man. In spite of its widespread importance and long history of cultivation almost nothing has been known about the genome of this species thus far. We report here the partial sequencing of bottle Gourd genome using the 454 GS-FLX Titanium sequencing platform. A total of 150,253 sequence reads, which were assembled into 3,994 contigs and 82,522 singletons were generated. The total length of the non-redundant singletons/assemblies is 32 Mb, theoretically covering ~ 10% of the bottle Gourd genome. Functional annotation of the sequences revealed a broad range of functional types, covering all the three top-level ontologies. Comparison of the gene sequences between bottle Gourd and the model cucurbit cucumber (Cucumis sativus) revealed a 90% sequence similarity on average. Using the sequence information, 4395 microsatellite-containing sequences were identified and 400 SSR markers were developed, of which 94% amplified bands of anticipated sizes. Transferability of these markers to four other cucurbit species showed obvious decline with increasing phylogenetic distance. From analyzing polymorphisms of a subset of 14 SSR markers assayed on 44 representative China bottle Gourd varieties/landraces, a principal coordinates (PCo) analysis output and a UPGMA-based dendrogram were constructed. Bottle Gourd accessions tended to group by fruit shape rather than geographic origin, although in certain subclades the lines from the same or close origin did tend to cluster. This work provides an initial basis for genome characterization, gene isolation and comparative genomics analysis in bottle Gourd. The SSR markers developed would facilitate marker assisted breeding schemes for efficient introduction of desired traits.
Angela Schlumbaum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a short history of lagenaria siceraria bottle Gourd in the roman provinces morphotypes and archaeogenetics
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2012Co-Authors: Angela Schlumbaum, Patricia VandorpeAbstract:Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. (bottle Gourd) is pantropic and displays large variation in fruit and seed shape. Two subspecies are currently recognized: the African L. siceraria ssp. siceraria and the Asian L. siceraria ssp. asiatica. The Asian type of bottle Gourd belongs to the earliest domesticated plants in the Americas. In Europe, bottle Gourd only appears with some frequency from the Roman period onwards. The paper is the study of ancient DNA (aDNA) and seed morphology of one almost complete bottle Gourd fruit from the Roman site of Oedenburg/Biesheim–Kunheim, France (1st century a.d.), and from individual seed finds from the Roman vicus of Petinesca–Vorderberg, Switzerland (3rd century a.d.), both recovered from waterlogged layers. Width and length measurements of seeds show large variation. Based on the index of width to length, seeds from both sites differ significantly (p < 0.0001 Mann–Whitney) suggesting that there were different variants present north of the Alps. Genetically, the bottle Gourd fruit from Roman Oedenburg/Biesheim–Kunheim and one commercial cultivar L. siceraria cv. ‘Herkuleskeule’ are of Asian origin as identified by three Asian and African specific chloroplast markers. These results support an early and long-lasting presence of the Asian type of domestic bottle Gourd in Europe. No chloroplast markers were found in the seeds from Petinesca–Vorderberg. However preserved nuclear high copy 5.8S rDNA fragments correctly matched to Cucurbitaceae, further supporting the evidence for preservation of DNA in waterlogged plant remains.
