The Experts below are selected from a list of 312 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Matthew Masapollo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the development of articles in children s early spanish prosodic interactions between lexical and Grammatical Form
Language, 2012Co-Authors: Katherine Demuth, Meghan Patrolia, Jae Yung Song, Matthew MasapolloAbstract:Studies of English and French show that children’s first articles are more likely to appear when they can be prosodified as part of a disyllabic foot (cf. Gerken, 1996; Demuth & Tremblay, 2008). However, preliminary studies of Spanish suggest that children’s first articles appear in larger prosodic structures, possibly due to the higher frequency of longer words. To assess this issue, this study examined longitudinal data from two Spanish 1- to 2-year-olds. As expected, both produced their early articles with monosyllabic and disyllabic nouns, rapidly expanding article use to trisyllabic nouns as well. The results suggest that the prosodic complexity of the lexicon plays an important role in the development of prosodic structure, providing the context for early prosodic licensing of Grammatical morphemes.
Sandra R. Waxman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Grammatical Form and Semantic Context in Verb Learning
Language Learning and Development, 2011Co-Authors: Sudha Arunachalam, Sandra R. WaxmanAbstract:Decades of research have documented that young word learners have more difficulty learning verbs than nouns. Nonetheless, recent evidence has uncovered conditions under which children as young as 24 months succeed. Here, we focus in on the kind of linguistic inFormation that undergirds 24-month-olds' success. We introduced 24-month-olds to novel words (either nouns or verbs) as they watched dynamic scenes (e.g., a man waving a balloon); the novel words were presented in semantic contexts that were either rich (e.g., The man is pilking a balloon) or more sparse (e.g., He's pilking it). Toddlers successfully learned nouns in both the semantically rich and sparse contexts but learned verbs only in the rich context. This documents that to learn the meaning of a novel verb, English-acquiring toddlers take advantage of the semantically rich inFormation provided in lexicalized noun phrases. Implications for cross-linguistic theories of acquisition are discussed.
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Mapping words to the world in infancy: Infants' expectations for count nouns and adjectives
Journal of Cognition and Development, 2003Co-Authors: Amy E. Booth, Sandra R. WaxmanAbstract:Three experimentsdocumentthat 14-month-old infants'construal of objects (e.g., purple animals) is influenced by naming, that they can distinguish between the Grammatical Form noun and adjective, and that they treat this distinction as relevant to meaning. In each experiment, infants extended novel nouns (e.g., "This one is a blicket") specifically to object categories (e.g., animal), and not to object properties (e.g., purple things). This robust noun-category link is related to Grammatical Form and not to surface differences in the presentation of novelwords (Experiment 3). Infants'extensions of novel adjectives (e.g., "This one is blickish") were more fragile: They extended adjectives specifically to object properties when the property was color (Experiment 1), but revealed a less precise mapping when the property was texture (Experiment 2). These results reveal that by 14 months, infants distinguish between Grammatical Forms and utilize these distinctions in determining the meaning of novel words.
Susan Kemper - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of aging on the production of Russian
Discourse Processes, 1997Co-Authors: Iulia Gubarchuk, Susan KemperAbstract:Two studies compared young and older adults’ production of complex syntactic structures in Russian, a morphologically rich language with free word order. A variety of measures of content, fluency, clause structure, and Grammatical Form were assessed from oral language samples collected from young adult Russians visiting the United States, from older adults who had recently emigrated to the United States from Russia, and from young and older Russians living in Moscow, Russia. Content and fluency in Russian were associated with Russian vocabulary knowledge and influenced by educational level and knowledge of English and other languages. The production of Grammatical Forms, including clause structure and word order variation, was associated with digit span, suggesting that working memory limitations affect the use of clause and word order variations in Russian.
Paul Portner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Exclamative Clauses: At the Syntax-Semantics Interface
Language, 2003Co-Authors: Raffaella Zanuttini, Paul PortnerAbstract:Sadock and Zwicky (1985) define clause types as a pairing of Grammatical Form and conversational use.' In this paper we discuss exclamatives within the context of this notion of clause type. We argue that exclamatives are not a purely semantic or pragmatic category expressed by a variety of unrelated syntactic Forms; rather, the diverse realizations of exclamatives all share certain syntactic characteristics. These represent the defining semantic properties of this clause type. Thus, ours is a study of the syntaxlsemantic interface and its application to the study of exclamatives, and to the notion of clause types more generally. The syntactic part of our claim is both interesting and difficult because of the diversity of Forms which are plausibly to be categorized as exclamatives. Consider, for example:
Kindle Rising - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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maximising recovery from aphasia with central and peripheral agraphia the benefit of sequential treatments
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2019Co-Authors: Pelagie M Beeson, Chelsea Bayley, Christine Shultz, Kindle RisingAbstract:: Maximal recovery from acquired language impairment may require progression from one behavioural treatment protocol to the next in order to build upon residual and relearned cognitive-linguistic and sensory-motor processes. We present a five-stage treatment sequence that was initiated at one year post stroke in a woman with acquired impairments of spoken and written language. As is typical of individuals with left perisylvian damage, she demonstrated marked impairment of phonological retrieval and sublexical phonology, but she also faced additional challenges due to impaired letter shape knowledge and visual attention. The treatment sequence included (1) written spelling of targeted words, (2) retraining sublexical sound-to-letter correspondences and phonological manipulation skills, (3) training strategic approaches to maximise interactive use of lexical, phonological, and orthographic knowledge, (4) lexical retrieval of spoken words, and finally (5) sentence-level stimulation to improve Grammatical Form of written narratives. This Phase II clinical study documented positive direct treatment outcomes along with evidence of a significant reduction in the underlying deficits and generalisation to untrained items and language tasks. Improvements on a comprehensive assessment battery were realised as functional gains in everyday written and spoken communication, including improved lexical retrieval and Grammatical complexity of written narratives. This case provides a valuable example of the cumulative therapeutic benefit of sequential application of theoretically motivated treatment protocols.
