The Experts below are selected from a list of 108747 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jane Dove - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Student Teacher Understanding of the Greenhouse Effect, Ozone Layer Depletion and Acid Rain
Environmental Education Research, 1996Co-Authors: Jane DoveAbstract:SUMMARY This paper provides an overview and discussion of a study of student teachers’ knowledge and understanding of the Greenhouse Effect, ozone layer depletion and acid rain. It describes the results of a small scale survey designed to ascertain details of student knowledge and misconceptions about these environmental issues. The study reveals familiarity with the term ‘Greenhouse Effect’, but little understanding of the concepts involved. One common misconception is that the Greenhouse Effect is the result of ozone layer depletion. In contrast, there is a clear understanding that the ozone layer protects the Earth from harmful radiation and that it is currently being destroyed by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Burning coal is linked to the formation of acid rain, but there is little appreciation of why trees in Scandinavia are being destroyed by this process. Recommendations for lecturers and student teachers are made from the findings.
Christine Moseley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a three tier diagnostic test to assess pre service teachers misconceptions about global warming Greenhouse Effect ozone layer depletion and acid rain
International Journal of Science Education, 2012Co-Authors: Harika Ozge Arslan, Ceyhan Cigdemoglu, Christine MoseleyAbstract:This study describes the development and validation of a three-tier multiple-choice diagnostic test, the atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test (AREPDiT), to reveal common misconceptions of global warming (GW), Greenhouse Effect (GE), ozone layer depletion (OLD), and acid rain (AR). The development of a two-tier diagnostic test procedure as described by Treagust constitutes the framework for this study. To differentiate a lack of knowledge from a misconception, a certainty response index is added as a third tier to each item. Based on propositional knowledge statements, related literature, and the identified misconceptions gathered initially from 157 pre-service teachers, the AREPDiT was constructed and administered to 256 pre-service teachers. The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of the pre-service teachers’ scores was estimated to be 0.74. Content and face validations were established by senior experts. A moderate positive correlation between the participants’ both-tiers scores ...
Timothy W Cronin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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earth s outgoing longwave radiation linear due to h2o Greenhouse Effect
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018Co-Authors: Daniel D B Koll, Timothy W CroninAbstract:Satellite measurements and radiative calculations show that Earth’s outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) is an essentially linear function of surface temperature over a wide range of temperatures (≳60 K). Linearity implies that radiative forcing has the same impact in warmer as in colder climates and is thus of fundamental importance for understanding past and future climate change. Although the evidence for a nearly linear relation was first pointed out more than 50 y ago, it is still unclear why this relation is valid and when it breaks down. Here we present a simple semianalytical model that explains Earth’s linear OLR as an emergent property of an atmosphere whose Greenhouse Effect is dominated by a condensable gas. Linearity arises from a competition between the surface’s increasing thermal emission and the narrowing of spectral window regions with warming and breaks down at high temperatures once continuum absorption cuts off spectral windows. Our model provides a way of understanding the longwave contribution to Earth’s climate sensitivity and suggests that extrasolar planets with other condensable Greenhouse gases could have climate dynamics similar to Earth’s.
Pal Kirkeby J Hansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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knowledge about the Greenhouse Effect and the Effects of the ozone layer among norwegian pupils finishing compulsory education in 1989 1993 and 2005 what now
International Journal of Science Education, 2010Co-Authors: Pal Kirkeby J HansenAbstract:The Greenhouse Effect and the Effects of the ozone layer have been in the media and public focus for more than two decades. During the same period, Norwegian compulsory schools have had four national curricula. The two last‐mentioned prescribe explicitly the two topics. Media and public discourse might have been sources of information causing informal learning among pupils. The point of departure for this questionnaire‐based examination of the development of pupils’ knowledge about the Greenhouse Effect and the Effects of the ozone layer from 1989 to 2005 is the changing curricula and formal and informal learning. In 2005 the trends seem to be that more pupils confuse the Greenhouse Effect with the Effects of the ozone layer. At the same time, specific knowledge about the Greenhouse Effect is improving. This article will discuss some possible causes for these trends, and give some recommendations for teaching the topics in accordance with the last national curriculum implemented in 2006.
Bruce M. Jakosky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Constraints on the solid-state Greenhouse Effect on the icy Galilean satellites
Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 1996Co-Authors: Mary L. Urquhart, Bruce M. JakoskyAbstract:Surface temperature data from the Voyager spacecraft provide a constraint on the magnitude of a possible solid-state Greenhouse Effect on the icy Galilean satellites. A solid-state Greenhouse Effect will occur if the regoliths of Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto are optically thin in the visible and opaque in the thermal infrared, which would be consistent with particulate water ice. We examine in detail the Effects of using different values for light penetration depth and regolith thermal properties on the diurnal variation of surface temperature. We then compare model results with surface temperature measurements for all three satellites. We conclude that the solid-state Greenhouse Effect is limited to the approximate range of 0 cm ≤ ζ ≤ 2.2 cm on Europa, where ζ is the characteristic e-folding insolation absorption length; this magnitude of Greenhouse Effect produces an increase in subsurface temperatures of approximately 10 K or less. Similarly, Ganymede and Callisto both have allowable ranges for ζ of 0 to 0.5 cm based on Voyager surface temperature, with no significant heating of the subsurface layers. The amount of subsurface heating is strongly dependent on the assumed thermal properties of the regolith.
