The Experts below are selected from a list of 7506 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bruno Hérault - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass
Scientific Data, 2019Co-Authors: Dmitry Schepaschenko, Maxime Réjou-méchain, Christoph Perger, Plinio Sist, Jerome Chave, Klaus Scipal, Oliver Phillips, Simon Lewis, Stuart Davies, Bruno HéraultAbstract:Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth's ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to Greenhouse Gas Accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (aGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. aGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world's forests. all plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities.
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The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass
Scientific Data, 2019Co-Authors: Dmitry Schepaschenko, Maxime Réjou-méchain, Christoph Perger, Simon L Lewis, Plinio Sist, Stuart J Davies, Jerome Chave, Klaus Scipal, Bruno HéraultAbstract:Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth’s ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to Greenhouse Gas Accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. AGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world’s forests. All plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities. Measurement(s) above-ground biomass • organic material Technology Type(s) tree species census • measurement method Factor Type(s) geographic location • tree species Sample Characteristic - Environment forest biome Sample Characteristic - Location Earth (planet) Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.9850571
Chantelle Rizan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the carbon footprint of waste streams in a uk hospital
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021Co-Authors: Chantelle Rizan, Mahmood F Bhutta, Malcom Reed, Robert LillywhiteAbstract:Abstract A number of studies have estimated the carbon footprint of healthcare provision in a variety of contexts, but the emission factors used to account for associated waste vary widely and are not healthcare specific. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the carbon footprint of hospital waste streams. A process-based carbon footprint of hospital waste was estimated in accordance with the Greenhouse Gas Accounting Sector Guidance for Pharmaceutical Products and Medical Devices, using activity data based on waste streams found at three hospitals in one UK National Health Service organisation. This study estimates that the carbon footprint per tonne of hospital waste was lowest when it is recycled (21-65 kg CO2e), followed by low temperature incineration with energy from waste (172-249 kg CO2e). When the waste was additionally decontaminated using an autoclave prior to low temperature incineration with energy from waste, the carbon footprint was increased to 569 kg CO2e. The highest carbon footprint was associated with the disposal of waste via high temperature incineration (1074 kg CO2e/tonne). NHS data show that the financial cost of waste streams mirror that of the carbon footprint. In conclusion, it is possible to use the carbon footprint of hospital waste streams to derive emission factors for specific waste disposal options. This may inform the optimal processing of healthcare waste in the future.
Flavio Scrucca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of a Greenhouse Gas Accounting gis based tool to support local policy making application to an italian municipality
Energy Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Francesco Asdrubali, Andrea Presciutti, Flavio ScruccaAbstract:Climate change is the issue of the century and, according to Agenda 21, local actions are essential to impact global mitigation of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions (“think globally, act locally”). However, in order to plan and implement effective, sustainable actions, local authorities need detailed information on their GHG emissions and their sources. This paper presents the work that led to the development of a GIS-based tool for local GHG Accounting, which provides data for local decision-makers in an innovative manner different from traditional GHG inventories. The original aspects of the study are the geo-referencing of all results and the possibility of calculating all emissions (carbon sources) and removals (carbon sinks) with input data of different accuracy.
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Development of a Greenhouse Gas Accounting GIS-based tool to support local policy making—application to an Italian municipality
Energy Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Francesco Asdrubali, Andrea Presciutti, Flavio ScruccaAbstract:Climate change is the issue of the century and, according to Agenda 21, local actions are essential to impact global mitigation of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions (“think globally, act locally”). However, in order to plan and implement effective, sustainable actions, local authorities need detailed information on their GHG emissions and their sources. This paper presents the work that led to the development of a GIS-based tool for local GHG Accounting, which provides data for local decision-makers in an innovative manner different from traditional GHG inventories. The original aspects of the study are the geo-referencing of all results and the possibility of calculating all emissions (carbon sources) and removals (carbon sinks) with input data of different accuracy.
Jannick H. Schmidt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Methane oxidation, biogenic carbon, and the IPCC’s emission metrics. Proposal for a consistent Greenhouse-Gas Accounting
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2016Co-Authors: Ivan Muñoz, Jannick H. SchmidtAbstract:PurposeThe fifth assessment report by the IPCC includes methane oxidation as an additional indirect effect in the global warming potential (GWP) and global temperature potential (GTP) values for methane. An analysis of the figures provided by the IPCC reveals they lead to different outcomes measured in CO_2-eq., depending on whether or not biogenic CO_2 emissions are considered neutral. In this article, we discuss this inconsistency and propose a correction.MethodsWe propose a simple framework to account for methane oxidation in GWP and GTP in a way that is independent on the Accounting rules for biogenic carbon. An equation with three components is provided to calculate metric values, and its application is tested, together with the original IPCC figures, in a hypothetical example focusing on GWP100.Results and discussionThe hypothetical example shows that the only set of GWP100 values consistently leading to the same outcome, regardless of how we account for biogenic carbon, is the one proposed in this article. Using the methane GWP100 values from the IPCC report results in conflicting net GHG emissions, thus pointing to an inconsistency.ConclusionsIn order to consistently discriminate between biogenic and fossil methane sources, a difference of 2.75 kg CO_2-eq. is needed, which corresponds to the ratio of the molecular weights of CO_2 and methane (44/16). We propose to correct the GWP and GTP values for methane accordingly.
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methane oxidation biogenic carbon and the ipcc s emission metrics proposal for a consistent Greenhouse Gas Accounting
International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2016Co-Authors: Ivan Muñoz, Jannick H. SchmidtAbstract:Purpose The fifth assessment report by the IPCC includes methane oxidation as an additional indirect effect in the global warming potential (GWP) and global temperature potential (GTP) values for methane. An analysis of the figures provided by the IPCC reveals they lead to different outcomes measured in CO2-eq., depending on whether or not biogenic CO2 emissions are considered neutral. In this article, we discuss this inconsistency and propose a correction.
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Methane oxidation, biogenic carbon, and the IPCC’s emission metrics. Proposal for a consistent Greenhouse-Gas Accounting
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2016Co-Authors: Ivan Muñoz, Jannick H. SchmidtAbstract:Purpose The fifth assessment report by the IPCC includes methane oxidation as an additional indirect effect in the global warming potential (GWP) and global temperature potential (GTP) values for methane. An analysis of the figures provided by the IPCC reveals they lead to different outcomes measured in CO2-eq., depending on whether or not biogenic CO2 emissions are considered neutral. In this article, we discuss this inconsistency and propose a correction.
Robert Lillywhite - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the carbon footprint of waste streams in a uk hospital
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021Co-Authors: Chantelle Rizan, Mahmood F Bhutta, Malcom Reed, Robert LillywhiteAbstract:Abstract A number of studies have estimated the carbon footprint of healthcare provision in a variety of contexts, but the emission factors used to account for associated waste vary widely and are not healthcare specific. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the carbon footprint of hospital waste streams. A process-based carbon footprint of hospital waste was estimated in accordance with the Greenhouse Gas Accounting Sector Guidance for Pharmaceutical Products and Medical Devices, using activity data based on waste streams found at three hospitals in one UK National Health Service organisation. This study estimates that the carbon footprint per tonne of hospital waste was lowest when it is recycled (21-65 kg CO2e), followed by low temperature incineration with energy from waste (172-249 kg CO2e). When the waste was additionally decontaminated using an autoclave prior to low temperature incineration with energy from waste, the carbon footprint was increased to 569 kg CO2e. The highest carbon footprint was associated with the disposal of waste via high temperature incineration (1074 kg CO2e/tonne). NHS data show that the financial cost of waste streams mirror that of the carbon footprint. In conclusion, it is possible to use the carbon footprint of hospital waste streams to derive emission factors for specific waste disposal options. This may inform the optimal processing of healthcare waste in the future.
