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Tianhong Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Co-infection of megalocytivirus and viral nervous necrosis virus in a very severe mass mortality of juvenile orange-spotted Groupers (Epinephelus coioides)
Aquaculture, 2012Co-Authors: Junfeng Xie, Shaoping Weng, Tianhong ZhouAbstract:Abstract Megalocytivirus is a large double-stranded DNA virus, and viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV) is a piscine nodavirus comprising two single-stranded RNAs. Both of them are the major viral causative agents of Grouper diseases worldwide. However, the co-infection of these two agents in the same mass mortality has not yet been reported. In mid-June 2011, a mass mortality of juvenile orange-spotted Groupers occurred in a juvenile Grouper rearing farm in Qionghai county, Hainan province, China. Approximately 270 000 juvenile Groupers died in two weeks. The moribund fishes were sampled for viral agent detection by molecular investigation. Both megalocytivirus and VNNV were detected and designated as OGSIV-QH11 and GNNV-QH11, respectively. MCP/CP sequence analyses revealed that OGSIV-QH11 was an RSIV type of megalocytivirus and GNNV-QH11 was an RGNNV-type VNNV. Virus isolation was performed in the MFF-1 cell line, which is highly susceptible for megalocytivirus. OSGIV-QH11 can grow well in MFF-1 cells, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), indirect immunofluorescence assay and virus purification. GNNV-QH11 was detected in infected MFF-1 cells by RT-PCR but not by TEM. In summary, we first confirmed the co-infection of megalocytivirus and viral nervous necrosis virus in a mass mortality of juvenile orange-spotted Groupers, and then isolated a megalocytivirus from the infected MFF-1 cells. Our study provides a better understanding of viral diseases in Grouper aquaculture industry.
Yuchi Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dietary supplementation of pediococcus pentosaceus enhances innate immunity physiological health and resistance to vibrio anguillarum in orange spotted Grouper epinephelus coioides
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2014Co-Authors: Jianbin Huang, Yuchi WuAbstract:Groupers (Epinephelus spp.) are economically important fish species in Southeast Asian aquaculture. Vibriosis caused by Vibro spp. is one of the severe bacterial diseases that devastate the Grouper aquaculture industry. Probiotics have been reported to show the potential to enhance fish immunity and to antagonize pathogens. In our previous study, a lactic acid bacterium Pediococcus pentosaceus strain 4012 (LAB4012), isolated from cobia intestine, protects cobia from photobacteriosis after a 2-week feeding. In this study, we examined the potential of LAB4012 to be a probiotic for the orange-spotted Grouper through feeding, thus to guard against vibriosis. In vitro, LAB4012 culture supernatant with low pH suppressed the growth of Vibrio anguillarum, and lactic acid in the metabolite of LAB4012 appeared to be the major factor to the growth inhibition of V. anguillarum. In vivo, the challenge test showed that the cumulative mortality of the LAB4012-fed Groupers was significantly lower than that of the control fish after V. anguillarum infection. Supplementation of LAB4012 in commercial diet not only enhanced the growth rate and erythrocyte numbers of the Groupers, but also regulated the gene expression of the pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines. One day post-infection of V. anguillarum, the leukocyte numbers in the peripheral blood and the phagocytic activity of the head-kidney phagocytes in the LAB4012-fed Groupers were found significantly increased, when compared with those without LAB4012-feeding. These results suggested that LAB4012 can be a dietary probiotic for Groupers in modulating the immunity and protecting the Groupers from V. anguillarum infection.
Junfeng Xie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization of triploid hybrid Groupers from interspecies hybridization (Epinephelus coioides ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂)
Aquaculture Research, 2014Co-Authors: Wen Huang, Junfeng Xie, Qizhi Liu, Wang Weimin, Jun Xiao, Haifa Zhang, Yong Zhang, Shaojun Liu, Haoran LinAbstract:Interspecies hybridization is widely used in aquaculture as a beneficial strategy. Diploid and triploid hybrids have been detected from the interspecies hybridization of Epinephelus coioides ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂. This is the first report of triploidization through hybridization in Grouper. Confirmation has been obtained through flow cytometry, karyotyping and erythrocyte nuclei measurement. The chromosome numbers of E. coioides, E. lanceolatus, diploid hybrid Grouper are 48 and triploid hybrid Grouper are 72. Measurements of erythrocyte nuclei indicate that triploid fish have a larger nuclear surface than the diploid Groupers, and the average ratio of triploid to diploid surface area is 1.59. During the first 1.5 years, triploid hybrid Groupers grow faster than diploid hybrid Groupers or either parent species. The average growth rate of triploid hybrids is 1.61 times greater than that of diploid hybrids at 6 months of age and 1.43 times greater at 18 months of age. The triploid hybrid Groupers are inferior in gonadal development, with no primary-growth-stage oocytes appearing in the gonads at 18 months of age. Morphological studies indicate that triploid hybrid Groupers have distinctive differences in snout length, eye diameter, body trunk shape, and tail shape development compared with diploid hybrid Groupers. Triploid hybrid Groupers have an advantage in growth ability, and artificial breeding of triploid Groupers might be of great potential use in the Grouper aquaculture industry.
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Co-infection of megalocytivirus and viral nervous necrosis virus in a very severe mass mortality of juvenile orange-spotted Groupers (Epinephelus coioides)
Aquaculture, 2012Co-Authors: Junfeng Xie, Shaoping Weng, Tianhong ZhouAbstract:Abstract Megalocytivirus is a large double-stranded DNA virus, and viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV) is a piscine nodavirus comprising two single-stranded RNAs. Both of them are the major viral causative agents of Grouper diseases worldwide. However, the co-infection of these two agents in the same mass mortality has not yet been reported. In mid-June 2011, a mass mortality of juvenile orange-spotted Groupers occurred in a juvenile Grouper rearing farm in Qionghai county, Hainan province, China. Approximately 270 000 juvenile Groupers died in two weeks. The moribund fishes were sampled for viral agent detection by molecular investigation. Both megalocytivirus and VNNV were detected and designated as OGSIV-QH11 and GNNV-QH11, respectively. MCP/CP sequence analyses revealed that OGSIV-QH11 was an RSIV type of megalocytivirus and GNNV-QH11 was an RGNNV-type VNNV. Virus isolation was performed in the MFF-1 cell line, which is highly susceptible for megalocytivirus. OSGIV-QH11 can grow well in MFF-1 cells, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), indirect immunofluorescence assay and virus purification. GNNV-QH11 was detected in infected MFF-1 cells by RT-PCR but not by TEM. In summary, we first confirmed the co-infection of megalocytivirus and viral nervous necrosis virus in a mass mortality of juvenile orange-spotted Groupers, and then isolated a megalocytivirus from the infected MFF-1 cells. Our study provides a better understanding of viral diseases in Grouper aquaculture industry.
Serge Planes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Visitation patterns of camouflage Groupers Epinephelus polyphekadion at a spawning aggregation in Fakarava inferred by acoustic telemetry
Coral Reefs, 2019Co-Authors: Johann Mourier, Laurent Ballesta, Eric Clua, Serge PlanesAbstract:Many species of Groupers form transient fish spawning aggregations (FSAs) that are both spatially and temporally predictable, making them highly vulnerable to fishing. Consequently, many known aggregations have disappeared, making the collection of additional baseline data imperative to inform management actions and decisions that have the capacity to protect these important areas in the long term. Using acoustic telemetry and underwater observations, we document the spatio-temporal dynamics of the camouflage Grouper Epinephelus polyphekadion at a FSA in Fakarava, French Polynesia. We show that Grouper arrival at the aggregation site started 2 weeks before the full moon with a core area density that increased from 0.13 to 1.25 fish m -2 during the observation period. Following reproduction, almost all camouflage Groupers left the FSA site within 48 h. Among 30 tagged Groupers in 2011 and despite a relatively low receiver coverage in the pass, 30% returned to the FSA the following year confirming patterns of FSA site fidelity of the species found in previous studies at other locations. Our results confirm that the current management procedures protecting the FSA under the UNESCO biosphere reserve are critical in maintaining the functional role of the FSA by ensuring the persistence and sustainability of large and healthy populations of Groupers and sharks.
M Chiappone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of habitat on Grouper abundance in the Florida Keys, U.S.A.
Journal of Fish Biology, 2001Co-Authors: Robert D Sluka, M Chiappone, Kathleen Sullivan SealeyAbstract:There was a significant inshore to offshore pattern in Grouper species composition and density on Florida Keys coral reefs. Red Grouper Epinephelus morio and black Grouper Mycteroperca bonaci were most abundant on inshore patch reefs. Graysby Cephalopholis cruentata was most abundant on offshore reef types. Density among sites ranged from 0 to 0.43, 0 to 0.26 and 0 to 1.23 100 m -2 for red Grouper, black Grouper, and graysby, respectively. Grouper density exhibited no consistency among sites within similar reef types. The densities of red and black Grouper were correlated significantly with either physical or biotic habitat parameters. Graysby were observed in microhabitats with whose benthic features differed significantly from the surrounding habitat. This species was observed in high-relief areas with significantly less octocoral species and colony densities. Larger graysby were observed in areas of higher relief and less octocorals than smaller graysby. Habitat was one of several important factors influencing the distribution of Groupers among coral reefs types in the Florida Keys.
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Groupers pisces serranidae in fished and protected areas of the florida keys bahamas and northern caribbean
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2000Co-Authors: M Chiappone, Robert D Sluka, Kathleen Sullivan SealeyAbstract:Groupers (Pisces: Serranidae) of littoral environments of warm-temperate and tropical regions have expenenced intense fishery exploitation. Indicators of intense fishing include declines or change in abundance, size, spawning aggregations, and species composition. Surveys of Grouper were carned out from 1995 to 1997 in the Flonda Keys, central Bahamas, southeastern Cuba, and the south- eastern Dorninican Republic to iuuminate Patterns in species composition, abundance, and size, along a gradient of relative fishing pressure. We assumed that the diversity, composition, density, and size would serve as indicators of fishing pressure in these areas. The study locations included 2 national parks and a national manne sanctuary, and were categonzed as: (1) intensively fished with little or no management for Groupers (southeastern Cuba, southeastern Dorninican Republic), (2) intensively fished with numerous gear and effort regulations (Florida Keys), (3) lightiy fished with some gear and effort regulations (northern and southern Exuma Cays, Bahamas), and (4) a no-take marine fishery reserve closed to fishing (Exuma Cays Land and Sea Park, Bahamas). On each site 10 to 20 stnp tran- sects (20 m X 5 m) were surveyed in water of 1 to 20 m depth over rocky hard-bottom habitats for den- sity and size of Grouper. Nine Grouper species (2 Cephalophoiis spp., 4 Epinephelus spp., and 3 Myc- teroperca spp.) were documented among aii areas. Results show that areas where Grouper fishing was relatively light had greater numbers of species, density, and biomass, particularly for larger species such as Nassau Grouper E. striatus. Classification of Groupers by 3 life history categories or growth strategies (small, intermediate, and large) indicated significant differences in density and biomass among study areas. The density and biomass of larger Grouper species were significantiy greater in the no-take ma~e reserve and iightly fished areas than in the more intensively fished areas. In 3 of the areas charactenzed as intensively fished, one of which has several Grouper fishery regulations, Grouper density and biomass were dominated by smail, non-targeted species such as the graysby C. cruentatus and the coney C. fulva. This pattern may indicate a second-order effect of fishing, indicative of poten- tial changes in competition or predation. No-take marine fishery reserves represent a viable means to protect Grouper resources, sirnphfying enforcement relative to complex catch and effort regulation, but also potentiaiiy aileviating the need to gather fishenes-dependent data.
