The Experts below are selected from a list of 30090 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Anastasios Papadimitriou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Early Puberty in Girls
'MDPI AG', 2021Co-Authors: Anastasios Papadimitriou, Dimitrios T PapadimitriouAbstract:In recent decades, pubertal onset in girls has been considered to occur at an earlier age than previously. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been associated with alterations in pubertal timing, with several reports suggesting that EDCs may have a role in the secular trend in pubertal maturation, at least in girls. However, relevant studies give inconsistent results. On the other hand, the majority of girls with idiopathic precocious or early puberty present the Growth pattern of constitutional advancement of Growth (CAG), i.e., Growth Acceleration soon after birth. Herein, we show that the Growth pattern of CAG is unrelated to exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and is the major determinant of precocious or early puberty. Presented data suggest that EDCs, at most, have a minor effect on the timing of pubertal onset in girls
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constitutional advancement of Growth a k a early Growth Acceleration predicts early puberty and childhood obesity
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2010Co-Authors: Anastasios Papadimitriou, Polyxeni Nicolaidou, Andreas Fretzayas, George P ChrousosAbstract:Context: Constitutional advancement of Growth (CAG), a.k.a. early Growth Acceleration, refers to a Growth pattern that is characterized by Growth Acceleration soon after birth, reaching a zenith centile in the first 2 to 4 yr of life and followed by normalization of the Growth rate until the onset of puberty, which is usually early. CAG is the mirror image of the Growth pattern of constitutional delay of Growth and puberty, which is characterized by Growth deceleration in the first years of life that is followed by normalization of the Growth rate and late onset of puberty. For a child to be considered as presenting CAG, other conditions that lead to early Growth Acceleration, like genetic tall stature, infant overfeeding, and intrauterine Growth restraint, have to be excluded. Evidence Acquisition: This review was based on our own data supplemented by relevant articles identified by a PubMed search. Evidence Synthesis: Girls with idiopathic precocious puberty almost invariably present the Growth pattern ...
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early Growth Acceleration in girls with idiopathic precocious puberty
The Journal of Pediatrics, 2006Co-Authors: Anastasios Papadimitriou, Andreas Fretzayas, Despina Beri, Alexandra Tsialla, Fotini Psychou, Polyxeni NicolaidouAbstract:Objective To determine the Growth pattern of girls with idiopathic precocious puberty (IPP) from birth until diagnosis. Study design We studied 47 girls with IPP and 35 control girls. In each subject, height and weight were measured at diagnosis, whereas data on height from birth until diagnosis were taken from the personal health book of the patient. Height standard deviation score (HSDS) and body mass index SDS were calculated. Results Mean age (±SD) of the girls with IPP was 7.6 (1.1) years and of control girls was 7.5 (0.9) years. At birth, HSDS of the patients with IPP was −0.01 (0.8); at the age of 2 years, 0.42 (1.2); at the age of 4 years, 0.64 (1.1); and at diagnosis, 1.23 (1.7) (P .05). There was no statistical difference between body mass index SDS of the patients 0.6 (1.1) versus that of control girls 0.5 (1.0). Conclusions The early Growth Acceleration pattern may be used as an additional clue to the diagnosis of idiopathic precocious puberty.
Polyxeni Nicolaidou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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constitutional advancement of Growth a k a early Growth Acceleration predicts early puberty and childhood obesity
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2010Co-Authors: Anastasios Papadimitriou, Polyxeni Nicolaidou, Andreas Fretzayas, George P ChrousosAbstract:Context: Constitutional advancement of Growth (CAG), a.k.a. early Growth Acceleration, refers to a Growth pattern that is characterized by Growth Acceleration soon after birth, reaching a zenith centile in the first 2 to 4 yr of life and followed by normalization of the Growth rate until the onset of puberty, which is usually early. CAG is the mirror image of the Growth pattern of constitutional delay of Growth and puberty, which is characterized by Growth deceleration in the first years of life that is followed by normalization of the Growth rate and late onset of puberty. For a child to be considered as presenting CAG, other conditions that lead to early Growth Acceleration, like genetic tall stature, infant overfeeding, and intrauterine Growth restraint, have to be excluded. Evidence Acquisition: This review was based on our own data supplemented by relevant articles identified by a PubMed search. Evidence Synthesis: Girls with idiopathic precocious puberty almost invariably present the Growth pattern ...
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early Growth Acceleration in girls with idiopathic precocious puberty
The Journal of Pediatrics, 2006Co-Authors: Anastasios Papadimitriou, Andreas Fretzayas, Despina Beri, Alexandra Tsialla, Fotini Psychou, Polyxeni NicolaidouAbstract:Objective To determine the Growth pattern of girls with idiopathic precocious puberty (IPP) from birth until diagnosis. Study design We studied 47 girls with IPP and 35 control girls. In each subject, height and weight were measured at diagnosis, whereas data on height from birth until diagnosis were taken from the personal health book of the patient. Height standard deviation score (HSDS) and body mass index SDS were calculated. Results Mean age (±SD) of the girls with IPP was 7.6 (1.1) years and of control girls was 7.5 (0.9) years. At birth, HSDS of the patients with IPP was −0.01 (0.8); at the age of 2 years, 0.42 (1.2); at the age of 4 years, 0.64 (1.1); and at diagnosis, 1.23 (1.7) (P .05). There was no statistical difference between body mass index SDS of the patients 0.6 (1.1) versus that of control girls 0.5 (1.0). Conclusions The early Growth Acceleration pattern may be used as an additional clue to the diagnosis of idiopathic precocious puberty.
Antti Marta-lena - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fatigue crack Growth of electron beam melted TI-6AL-4V in high-pressure hydrogen
'MDPI AG', 2020Co-Authors: Neikter Magnus, Colliander Magnus, De Andrade Schwerz C., Hansson Thomas, Åkerfeldt Pia, Pederson Robert, Antti Marta-lenaAbstract:Titanium-based alloys are susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement (HE), a phenomenon that deteriorates fatigue properties. Ti-6Al-4V is the most widely used titanium alloy and the effect of hydrogen embrittlement on fatigue crack Growth (FCG) was investigated by carrying out crack propagation tests in air and high-pressure H2 environment. The FCG test in hydrogen environment resulted in a drastic increase in crack Growth rate at a certain DK, with crack propagation rates up to 13 times higher than those observed in air. Possible reasons for such behavior were discussed in this paper. The relationship between FCG results in high-pressure H2 environment and microstructure was investigated by comparison with already published results of cast and forged Ti-6Al-4V. Coarser microstructure was found to be more sensitive to HE. Moreover, the electron beam melting (EBM) materials experienced a crack Growth Acceleration in-between that of cast and wrought Ti-6Al-4V. © 2020 by the authors.Funders: Space for innovation and Growth (RIT)
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Fatigue crack Growth of electron beam melted TI-6AL-4V in high-pressure hydrogen
'MDPI AG', 2020Co-Authors: Neikter M., De Andrade Schwerz C., Pederson Robert, H\uf6rnqvist Colliander Magnus, Hansson T., \uc5kerfeldt Pia, Antti Marta-lenaAbstract:Titanium-based alloys are susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement (HE), a phenomenon that deteriorates fatigue properties. Ti-6Al-4V is the most widely used titanium alloy and the effect of hydrogen embrittlement on fatigue crack Growth (FCG) was investigated by carrying out crack propagation tests in air and high-pressure H2 environment. The FCG test in hydrogen environment resulted in a drastic increase in crack Growth rate at a certain DK, with crack propagation rates up to 13 times higher than those observed in air. Possible reasons for such behavior were discussed in this paper. The relationship between FCG results in high-pressure H2 environment and microstructure was investigated by comparison with already published results of cast and forged Ti-6Al-4V. Coarser microstructure was found to be more sensitive to HE. Moreover, the electron beam melting (EBM) materials experienced a crack Growth Acceleration in-between that of cast and wrought Ti-6Al-4V
M M Abdelwahab - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fatigue crack Growth Acceleration due to intermittent overstressing in adhesively bonded cfrp joints
Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing, 2004Co-Authors: S Erpolat, I A Ashcroft, A D Crocombe, M M AbdelwahabAbstract:Abstract Double cantilever beam joints were used to investigate cohesive and interlaminar crack Growth in bonded composite joints under constant and variable amplitude (VA) loading. Numerical crack Growth integration was used to predict the VA fatigue life using constant amplitude data. This underestimated the fatigue crack Growth rate for interlaminar cracks, indicating crack Growth Acceleration due to load interactions. This was also the case for cohesive cracks subjected to a moderate initial strain energy release rate ( G max ). An unstable crack Growth regime was also identified for the case of high initial G max cohesive crack propagation. This behaviour is attributed to the development of a damage zone ahead of the crack tip.
Yuhei Ogawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multi scale observation of hydrogen induced localized plastic deformation in fatigue crack propagation in a pure iron
Scripta Materialia, 2017Co-Authors: Yuhei Ogawa, Domas Birenis, Øystein Prytz, Osamu Takakuwa, Annett Thogersen, Hisao Matsunaga, Junichiro YamabeAbstract:Abstract In order to study the influence of hydrogen on plastic deformation behavior in the vicinity of the fatigue crack-tip in a pure iron, a multi-scale observation technique was employed, comprising electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI), electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The analyses successfully demonstrated that hydrogen greatly reduces the dislocation structure evolution around the fracture path and localizes the plastic flow in the crack-tip region. Such clear evidence can reinforce the existing model in which this type of localized plasticity contributes to crack-Growth Acceleration in metals in hydrogen atmosphere, which has not yet been experimentally elucidated.
