The Experts below are selected from a list of 24 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Luo Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application Value of Diagnosis Software in the Diagnosis of Hallucinations and Delusions among Patients with Suspected Severe Mental Disorders
Chinese General Practice, 2020Co-Authors: Luo ChenAbstract:Objective To investigate the application value of the software on the Diagnosis and Public Safety Risks Evaluation of Psychiatric Patients in Community in the diagnosis of Hallucinations and delusions among patients with suspected severe mental disorders. Methods A total of 200 cases were recruited from registered psychiatric patients from Yunnan Psychiatric Hospital and patients with suspected severe mental disorders from Fengning District,Kunming City,from October 2010 to February 2012. All cases and insiders were tested using the above software,and they were retested by two psychiatrists in three days. The detection rates of Hallucinations,delusions and common severe mental disorders were compared among patient version of software,insider version of software,comprehensive diagnosis and doctor diagnosis. Patients who were diagnosed with schizophrenia,continuous delusions,bipolar disorder and depressive disorder by doctors,were tested by software to identify Hallucination and delusion syndrome. Results A total of 200 cases had completed the questionnaire,among 200 questionnaires,182 were perfectly valid,15 were partially effective,and 3 were invalid,the effective rate reached 98. 5%. Patient version of software, insider version of software,comprehensive diagnosis and doctor diagnosis checked out 112( 56. 85%),104( 52. 79%),112( 56. 85%),110( 55. 84%) cases with Hallucinations separately; 122( 61. 93%),126( 63. 96%),122( 61. 93%), 126( 63. 96%) cases with delusions separately; 128( 64. 97%),137( 69. 54%),142( 72. 08%),138( 70. 05%) cases with common severe mental disorders separately. There were no significant differences in the detection rates of Hallucinations,delusions and common severe mental disorders among doctor diagnosis and different editions of software( P 0. 05). Among 106patients who were diagnosed with schizophrenia by doctors,verbal auditory Hallucination( 73. 58%) was the most common Hallucination and delusion symptom,followed by delusion of reference( 70. 75%),delusion of persecution( 52. 83%),delusion of influence( 48. 11%),hypochondriac delusion( 20. 75%),jealousy delusion( 17. 92%),grandeur delusion( 15. 09%),somatic Hallucination( 15. 09%) and Gustatory Hallucination( 10. 38%). Conclusion The detection rates of Hallucinations and delusions among patients with suspected severe mental disorders by the Software on the Diagnosis and Public Safety Risks Evaluation of Psychiatric Patients in Community were similar to those by psychiatrists,thus the software may be used as the ancillary diagnostic tool for Hallucinations and delusions diagnosis by the family members of mental disorder patient and community mental-health workers.
S Lodhi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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P11 Unusual case of transient epileptic amnesia
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 2012Co-Authors: S LodhiAbstract:Introduction This case report of Transient Epileptic Amnesia (TEA) is presented due to the prolonged nature of the amnestic episodes, the significant delay to the correct diagnosis and the various diagnoses given to the patient in the meantime. Method Patient case presentation: Over a 34-month period a 62-year-old woman was seen in three different health settings before a correct diagnosis was provided. She experienced a total of nine episodes of transient amnesia (frequency: every 3–4 months; duration: 10 days; precipitant: stress and fatigue; occurrence: on waking from a “deep sleep”; precedent: Gustatory Hallucination; memory disturbance: partial anterograde amnesia, and retrograde amnesia for past events). Over the 3 years, she was given the following diagnoses by different clinicians of Transient Global Amnesia (TGA), Psychogenic Amnesia and then TEA. Following this, she received treatment with anti-epileptic drugs, which terminated any further episodes. Discussion Attacks usually last between 20 min to 60 min. However, in this case it was 10 days, which may be due to ongoing seizure activity or persistent post-ictal dysfunction of memory related brain structures. It took up to three times longer than the median time to diagnosis of 12 months for the correct diagnosis to be made. This may be due to the investigations being carried out inter-ictally, and the standard neuropsychological tests lacking sufficient sensitive to identify subtle memory disturbances. Conclusion The importance of correctly diagnosing the condition are: (1) Effective treatment. (2) Under-diagnosed. (3) Patients are always distressed by them, fearing the onset of dementia.
Hisashi Ogawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gustatory cortex of primates: anatomy and physiology
Neuroscience Research, 1994Co-Authors: Hisashi OgawaAbstract:Abstract Clinical and physiological studies of patients with ageusia or Gustatory Hallucination suggest that the primary Gustatory area (area G) lies at the anterior insula or at the base of the central sulcus. However, physiological and anatomical studies in subhuman primates, e.g. squirrel monkeys or macaque monkeys, locate area G at the buried frontal operculum (Fop) and dorsal insula. The presence of secondary or higher Gustatory areas are claimed because taste neurons are found in the precentral opercular area (PrCO) or orbitofrontal cortex in alert monkeys. Part of the anterior insula is suggested to subserve the interface between area G and the amygdala. Many physiological studies have been conducted lacking knowledge of the histological boundaries of the primary and secondary Gustatory areas. Some difference has been found in the physiological properties of taste neurons in the primary and secondary Gustatory areas: the primary Gustatory area contains various categories of taste neurons, whereas most of the taste neurons in the secondary Gustatory areas (e.g., PrCO, area 1–2) are specifically sensitive to one of the four basic tastes, and taste neurons in the orbitofrontal opercular area (OFO), another secondary Gustatory area, show sensory-specific hunger as well.
Hsiang-yu Yu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Olfactory Auras in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Epilepsia, 2003Co-Authors: Chien Chen, Yang-hsin Shih, Jiing-feng Lirng, Hsiang-yu YuAbstract:Summary: Purpose: To investigate olfactory auras in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods: We reviewed medical records of 217 Chinese patients who underwent temporal lobectomy for medically intractable TLE between 1987 and 1998 in Taiwan. Patients with olfactory auras asked for detailed characteristics of their auras. Results: In all, 12 (5.5%) patients had olfactory auras, seven men and five women. All patients except one described and characterized the unpleasant olfactory auras. Olfactory auras were usually combined with other auras, most frequently sensations of epigastric rising, nausea, and fear. Association with Gustatory Hallucination was uncommon, in only one patient. On neuroimaging study, 11 patients had structural lesions involving the mesial temporal structures, two exclusively involving the amygdala. Histologic diagnosis included gliosis of the mesial temporal regions in seven (58.3%) patients, neoplasm in four (33.3%) patients, and arteriovenous malformation in one patient. Postoperatively, eight patients were seizure free. Three patients had rare seizures; however, none reported residual olfactory auras. Conclusions: Olfactory auras are infrequent in TLE. In this study, mesial temporal sclerosis is the most common etiology rather than tumors. Mesial temporal structures, especially the amygdala, may play important roles in the genesis of olfactory auras. Key Words: Aura—Olfactory aura— Olfactory Hallucination—Temporal lobe epilepsy—Temporal lobectomy.
Kenichi Kitaoka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Clinicopathological study of multiple gliomas--report of three cases.
Neurologia Medico-chirurgica, 1990Co-Authors: Tsutomu Kato, Toshimitsu Aida, Akihiko Ogata, Nishio Nakamura, Kazuo Nagashima, Kenichi KitaokaAbstract:Three cases of multiple gliomas with postmortem findings including a rare case of multicentric glioma are presented. A 59-year-old female was hospitalized with decreased mental activity and gait disturbance. Computed tomographic (CT) scans and magnetic resonance (MR) images showed two independent mass lesions in the left frontal and the right temporal lobes, shown by postmortem to have no communication. Histologically, they were a gemistocytic astrocytoma and an anaplastic astrocytoma, respectively. Therefore, multicentric glioma was diagnosed. A 66-year-old male was admitted with slow mentation and gait disturbance. CT scans and MR images demonstrated two mass lesions; one overriding the bilateral frontal lobes through the corpus callosum and the other in the left temporal lobe. Postmortem examination showed that both lesions were glioblastoma and the left temporal tumor was accompanied by subarachnoid dissemination. A 29-year-old male was hospitalized with Gustatory Hallucination and convulsions of the right upper extremity. CT scans revealed two mass lesions in the right frontal and the left temporal lobes. MR images demonstrated communication between the two lesions through the corpus callosum. The left temporal tumor developed into the occipital lobe and another new lesion appeared in the right temporal lobe despite chemotherapy and irradiation. Postmortem examination revealed communication between the three masses through the corpus callosum. Histologically, all three tumors were glioblastoma. Multicentric gliomas have been reported at various incidences from 2.3 to 9.1 %. However, multicentric gliomas with multiple tumors of different histologies are very rare and only 16 cases have been reported. MR imaging is more valuable than CT scanning to detect communication between two or more lesions.