The Experts below are selected from a list of 288 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jiaping Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Seasonality of soil respiration under Gypsum and straw amendments in an arid saline-alkali soil.
Journal of environmental management, 2020Co-Authors: Xiujun Wang, Junyi Wang, Jiaping WangAbstract:Abstract Soil respiration (or CO2 production) is often determined by measuring CO2 efflux; however, there are differences between them in saline-alkali soils of arid land. The purpose of this study is to test a hypothesis that CO2 production exceeds efflux in arid saline-alkali soils under organic and Gypsum amendments. We conducted a modeling study that was based on a two-year field experiment with four treatments: control, Gypsum Addition, wheat straw incorporation, and Gypsum-straw combination. A diffusion model was forced by soil CO2, temperature and moisture that were continuously recorded at 0, 8 and 15 cm, and calibrated by measured CO2 efflux. We then applied the model to calculate CO2 production and efflux over 2014–2015, and found a strong and similar seasonality in both CO2 production and efflux under all treatments (i.e., highest in summer with one peak in 2014 and two peaks in 2015). Our results showed enhanced CO2 production and efflux over short period following rainfall. There were significantly exponential relationships between CO2 production/efflux and temperature. While straw incorporation significantly increased CO2 production and efflux, straw incorporation combined with Gypsum amendment caused a decrease in CO2 production and efflux. CO2 production exceeded CO2 efflux mainly in the first half year, and annual difference was 33–130 g C m−2, with larger differences under Gypsum amendment. Our study implies that a portion of respired CO2 is transformed into other forms and stored in saline-alkaline soils in arid land.
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Profile distribution of CO2 in an arid saline-alkali soil with Gypsum and wheat straw amendments: a two-year incubation experiment.
Scientific reports, 2018Co-Authors: Junyi Wang, Xiujun Wang, Jiaping WangAbstract:Adding Gypsum and/or straw is a common practice for ameliorating saline-alkali soils. However, the effect of amendment on soil CO2 is poorly known. An incubation experiment was conducted for over two years in a saline-alkali soil of Yanqi Basin, which included four treatments: control, Gypsum Addition (Ca), wheat straw Addition (S) and Gypsum-wheat straw combination (Ca+S). We continuously monitored soil CO2 concentration, temperature and moisture at 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm. There was a clear seasonality in soil CO2 under all four treatments, which was generally similar to those in soil temperature and moisture. Straw Addition led to a significant increase in soil CO2 over 0-60 cm in summer. While there was a significant increase of soil CO2 with Gypsum Addition only, soil CO2 significantly decreased with the Addition of Gypsum and straw (relative to straw Addition only) during autumn and winter in 2014. Interestingly, integrated soil CO2 was lowest in soil profile under the Ca+S treatment during winter and spring. Our study implies that different amendments of organic matter and Gypsum may result in various responses and interactions of biological, chemical and physical processes, with implications for the carbon cycle in saline-alkaline soils of arid region.
Giacinta Jean - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gypsum in ticinese stucco artworks of the 16 17th century use characterization provenance and induced decay phenomena
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Marta Caroselli, Giovanni Cavallo, Alberto Felici, Stefania Luppichini, Giovanni Nicoli, Lucia Aliverti, Giacinta JeanAbstract:Abstract This paper focuses on the use of Gypsum as a binder in stucco artworks made between the 16th and 17th centuries in canton Ticino (Switzerland). As far as the artistic technique is concerned, a stucco statue is made of composite materials: metal, brick or wood for the supporting structure, lime and/or Gypsum mortar with aggregate for the ground and finishing layers. The Gypsum Addition to the lime binder, found mainly in the ground layer, helps accelerate the setting of the three-dimensional stucco elements and prevents cracks from shrinkage, but a real understanding of the technology of its preparation, as well as the proportion of the mix for the stucco production, has yet to be established. The samples of stucco (167) taken from artworks in the region were analysed in stratigraphy, identifying their chemical and mineralogical composition. The results from these investigations were compared with the information provided by the historical sources and archival documents recording the artistic technique. Results showed that the quantity of Gypsum varies greatly depending on the requirements of the stucco masters and that it was a fundamental Addition to attain the effects desired by the different artists.
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Gypsum in Ticinese stucco artworks of the 16–17th century: Use, characterization, provenance and induced decay phenomena
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Marta Caroselli, Giovanni Cavallo, Alberto Felici, Stefania Luppichini, Giovanni Nicoli, Lucia Aliverti, Giacinta JeanAbstract:Abstract This paper focuses on the use of Gypsum as a binder in stucco artworks made between the 16th and 17th centuries in canton Ticino (Switzerland). As far as the artistic technique is concerned, a stucco statue is made of composite materials: metal, brick or wood for the supporting structure, lime and/or Gypsum mortar with aggregate for the ground and finishing layers. The Gypsum Addition to the lime binder, found mainly in the ground layer, helps accelerate the setting of the three-dimensional stucco elements and prevents cracks from shrinkage, but a real understanding of the technology of its preparation, as well as the proportion of the mix for the stucco production, has yet to be established. The samples of stucco (167) taken from artworks in the region were analysed in stratigraphy, identifying their chemical and mineralogical composition. The results from these investigations were compared with the information provided by the historical sources and archival documents recording the artistic technique. Results showed that the quantity of Gypsum varies greatly depending on the requirements of the stucco masters and that it was a fundamental Addition to attain the effects desired by the different artists.
Junyi Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Seasonality of soil respiration under Gypsum and straw amendments in an arid saline-alkali soil.
Journal of environmental management, 2020Co-Authors: Xiujun Wang, Junyi Wang, Jiaping WangAbstract:Abstract Soil respiration (or CO2 production) is often determined by measuring CO2 efflux; however, there are differences between them in saline-alkali soils of arid land. The purpose of this study is to test a hypothesis that CO2 production exceeds efflux in arid saline-alkali soils under organic and Gypsum amendments. We conducted a modeling study that was based on a two-year field experiment with four treatments: control, Gypsum Addition, wheat straw incorporation, and Gypsum-straw combination. A diffusion model was forced by soil CO2, temperature and moisture that were continuously recorded at 0, 8 and 15 cm, and calibrated by measured CO2 efflux. We then applied the model to calculate CO2 production and efflux over 2014–2015, and found a strong and similar seasonality in both CO2 production and efflux under all treatments (i.e., highest in summer with one peak in 2014 and two peaks in 2015). Our results showed enhanced CO2 production and efflux over short period following rainfall. There were significantly exponential relationships between CO2 production/efflux and temperature. While straw incorporation significantly increased CO2 production and efflux, straw incorporation combined with Gypsum amendment caused a decrease in CO2 production and efflux. CO2 production exceeded CO2 efflux mainly in the first half year, and annual difference was 33–130 g C m−2, with larger differences under Gypsum amendment. Our study implies that a portion of respired CO2 is transformed into other forms and stored in saline-alkaline soils in arid land.
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Profile distribution of CO2 in an arid saline-alkali soil with Gypsum and wheat straw amendments: a two-year incubation experiment.
Scientific reports, 2018Co-Authors: Junyi Wang, Xiujun Wang, Jiaping WangAbstract:Adding Gypsum and/or straw is a common practice for ameliorating saline-alkali soils. However, the effect of amendment on soil CO2 is poorly known. An incubation experiment was conducted for over two years in a saline-alkali soil of Yanqi Basin, which included four treatments: control, Gypsum Addition (Ca), wheat straw Addition (S) and Gypsum-wheat straw combination (Ca+S). We continuously monitored soil CO2 concentration, temperature and moisture at 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm. There was a clear seasonality in soil CO2 under all four treatments, which was generally similar to those in soil temperature and moisture. Straw Addition led to a significant increase in soil CO2 over 0-60 cm in summer. While there was a significant increase of soil CO2 with Gypsum Addition only, soil CO2 significantly decreased with the Addition of Gypsum and straw (relative to straw Addition only) during autumn and winter in 2014. Interestingly, integrated soil CO2 was lowest in soil profile under the Ca+S treatment during winter and spring. Our study implies that different amendments of organic matter and Gypsum may result in various responses and interactions of biological, chemical and physical processes, with implications for the carbon cycle in saline-alkaline soils of arid region.
Marta Caroselli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gypsum in ticinese stucco artworks of the 16 17th century use characterization provenance and induced decay phenomena
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Marta Caroselli, Giovanni Cavallo, Alberto Felici, Stefania Luppichini, Giovanni Nicoli, Lucia Aliverti, Giacinta JeanAbstract:Abstract This paper focuses on the use of Gypsum as a binder in stucco artworks made between the 16th and 17th centuries in canton Ticino (Switzerland). As far as the artistic technique is concerned, a stucco statue is made of composite materials: metal, brick or wood for the supporting structure, lime and/or Gypsum mortar with aggregate for the ground and finishing layers. The Gypsum Addition to the lime binder, found mainly in the ground layer, helps accelerate the setting of the three-dimensional stucco elements and prevents cracks from shrinkage, but a real understanding of the technology of its preparation, as well as the proportion of the mix for the stucco production, has yet to be established. The samples of stucco (167) taken from artworks in the region were analysed in stratigraphy, identifying their chemical and mineralogical composition. The results from these investigations were compared with the information provided by the historical sources and archival documents recording the artistic technique. Results showed that the quantity of Gypsum varies greatly depending on the requirements of the stucco masters and that it was a fundamental Addition to attain the effects desired by the different artists.
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Gypsum in Ticinese stucco artworks of the 16–17th century: Use, characterization, provenance and induced decay phenomena
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Marta Caroselli, Giovanni Cavallo, Alberto Felici, Stefania Luppichini, Giovanni Nicoli, Lucia Aliverti, Giacinta JeanAbstract:Abstract This paper focuses on the use of Gypsum as a binder in stucco artworks made between the 16th and 17th centuries in canton Ticino (Switzerland). As far as the artistic technique is concerned, a stucco statue is made of composite materials: metal, brick or wood for the supporting structure, lime and/or Gypsum mortar with aggregate for the ground and finishing layers. The Gypsum Addition to the lime binder, found mainly in the ground layer, helps accelerate the setting of the three-dimensional stucco elements and prevents cracks from shrinkage, but a real understanding of the technology of its preparation, as well as the proportion of the mix for the stucco production, has yet to be established. The samples of stucco (167) taken from artworks in the region were analysed in stratigraphy, identifying their chemical and mineralogical composition. The results from these investigations were compared with the information provided by the historical sources and archival documents recording the artistic technique. Results showed that the quantity of Gypsum varies greatly depending on the requirements of the stucco masters and that it was a fundamental Addition to attain the effects desired by the different artists.
Xiujun Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Seasonality of soil respiration under Gypsum and straw amendments in an arid saline-alkali soil.
Journal of environmental management, 2020Co-Authors: Xiujun Wang, Junyi Wang, Jiaping WangAbstract:Abstract Soil respiration (or CO2 production) is often determined by measuring CO2 efflux; however, there are differences between them in saline-alkali soils of arid land. The purpose of this study is to test a hypothesis that CO2 production exceeds efflux in arid saline-alkali soils under organic and Gypsum amendments. We conducted a modeling study that was based on a two-year field experiment with four treatments: control, Gypsum Addition, wheat straw incorporation, and Gypsum-straw combination. A diffusion model was forced by soil CO2, temperature and moisture that were continuously recorded at 0, 8 and 15 cm, and calibrated by measured CO2 efflux. We then applied the model to calculate CO2 production and efflux over 2014–2015, and found a strong and similar seasonality in both CO2 production and efflux under all treatments (i.e., highest in summer with one peak in 2014 and two peaks in 2015). Our results showed enhanced CO2 production and efflux over short period following rainfall. There were significantly exponential relationships between CO2 production/efflux and temperature. While straw incorporation significantly increased CO2 production and efflux, straw incorporation combined with Gypsum amendment caused a decrease in CO2 production and efflux. CO2 production exceeded CO2 efflux mainly in the first half year, and annual difference was 33–130 g C m−2, with larger differences under Gypsum amendment. Our study implies that a portion of respired CO2 is transformed into other forms and stored in saline-alkaline soils in arid land.
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Profile distribution of CO2 in an arid saline-alkali soil with Gypsum and wheat straw amendments: a two-year incubation experiment.
Scientific reports, 2018Co-Authors: Junyi Wang, Xiujun Wang, Jiaping WangAbstract:Adding Gypsum and/or straw is a common practice for ameliorating saline-alkali soils. However, the effect of amendment on soil CO2 is poorly known. An incubation experiment was conducted for over two years in a saline-alkali soil of Yanqi Basin, which included four treatments: control, Gypsum Addition (Ca), wheat straw Addition (S) and Gypsum-wheat straw combination (Ca+S). We continuously monitored soil CO2 concentration, temperature and moisture at 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm. There was a clear seasonality in soil CO2 under all four treatments, which was generally similar to those in soil temperature and moisture. Straw Addition led to a significant increase in soil CO2 over 0-60 cm in summer. While there was a significant increase of soil CO2 with Gypsum Addition only, soil CO2 significantly decreased with the Addition of Gypsum and straw (relative to straw Addition only) during autumn and winter in 2014. Interestingly, integrated soil CO2 was lowest in soil profile under the Ca+S treatment during winter and spring. Our study implies that different amendments of organic matter and Gypsum may result in various responses and interactions of biological, chemical and physical processes, with implications for the carbon cycle in saline-alkaline soils of arid region.