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Priyankaa Pradip - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An In-Vitro Comparative Study of the Properties of Dental Stone Models Disinfected by Incorporation Technique and Immersion Technique
2017Co-Authors: Priyankaa PradipAbstract:INTRODUCTION : “Dimensional accuracy is crucial for the quality of prosthodontic treatment. Disinfection is critical for a healthy clinical practice”. Gypsum Products are not directly used restorative material in dentistry, but in spite of that they still considered as a very important adjunctive materials that utilized in a wide range of dental laboratory procedures (Hishmati RH et al 2002). The cast (working model) is a replica of teeth and/or oral structures on which an indirect restoration or an appliance is fabricated, so that it must have a reasonable properties in order to withstand the different laboratory steps without being distorted or broken (Hersek N et al 2002). The increase of awareness of the dangers of cross contamination with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during dental procedures is having a growing impact on attitudes towards infection control in the dental clinics and the dental laboratories. The potential route of transmission from patients to the dental technician is through contaminated impressions, models and prostheses. Gypsum Products are widely used as materials for the preparation of models in dentistry. Dental casts are transferred several times between the dental laboratory and the dental office. The potential contamination of these models by infectious human pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HIV and HBV has led to the development of more rigorous infection control procedures. It has been established that bacteria and viruses can be transmitted from patients to the Gypsum models during the fabrication of the prosthesis, if the plaster is poured into contaminated impressions or through contamination of bite blocks and trial bases (Mitchell et al, 1997). The usual solution to this problem has been to rinse the impressions under running water and to place them in an appropriate disinfection solution (ADA Council on Scientific Affairs and Council on Dental Practice, 1996). This should be done upon removal of the impression from the patient’s mouth or in the dental laboratory prior to casting the model. However, two problems may arise. One is the risk that infectious organisms may still contaminate the Gypsum models during the subsequent dental procedures such as jaw registration and the try-in procedures. The second is the dimensional changes that may arise due to the impressions being soaked in the disinfectants (Adobo et al, 1999, Tan et al, 1993, Hall, Munoza- Viveros and, Naylor, 2004 and Martin, Martin and Jedynakiewicz, 2007). The disinfection of plaster models can be carried out through spraying or immersion in a disinfecting solution (Adabo GL et al 1999, Ivanovski 1995) . However, immersion of casts has been related by some authors as being deleterious to the final quality of the cast (Mansfield SM and White JM 1991) as spraying them with disinfecting solutions has not presented any harmful effects to the surfaces of the plaster casts (Stern 1991). However, due to the porosity of plaster, spraying may not disinfect the whole surface of the cast efficiently. Since the disinfection process must be effective without causing alterations on the final quality of the casts, the incorporation of disinfecting solutions in plaster has been regarded as a promising alternative (Matheus GL et al 2009). AIM OF THE STUDY : The Purpose of this study is to analyse and compare the anti-microbial properties and Compressive strength 1. Dental stone models after incorporating disinfectant solution during stone models preparation and 2. Dental stone models after immersion in disinfectant solution Disinfection : This is the process by which virtually all recognized pathogenic micro-organisms are eliminated, but not essentially all microbial forms, on inanimate objects (Bergman, 1989). Disinfection is generally less lethal to pathogenic organisms compared to sterilization. The disinfection procedure leads to a reduction in the level of microbial contamination and covers, depending on the disinfectant used and the treatment time, a broad range of activity that may extend from sterility at one extreme to a minimal reduction in microbial contamination at the other extreme (ADA Council on Scientific Affairs and Council on Dental Practice, 1996). Sterilization : According to the Glossary of Prosthodontic terms sterilization is the process of completely eliminating microbial viability Dental casts : According to the Glossary of Prosthodontic terms a dental cast is a positive life size reProduction of a part of the oral cavity formed when a material is poured into a matrix or impression of the desired form. MATERIALS : STANDARDIZED Gypsum MODELS - STONE (TYPE III). DISINFECTANTS - 2% glutaraldehyde. METHADOLOGY : GROUP I- Evaluation of Reduction in Microbial Contamination - 1. Making of the primary impression with Alginate followed by intentional contamination 2. Preparation of cast models with Dental stone. 3. Disinfection of Dental stone cast models with 2% Glutaraldehyde by two methods a. GROUP I A- Incorporation technique, b. GROUP I B- Immersion technique. 4. Microbial study of both GROUP I A and GROUP I B disinfected Dental stone cast models. GROUP II - Evaluation of Compressive Strength : 1. Preparation of Dental stone specimens. 2.. Disinfection of Dental stone specimens with 2% Glutaraldehyde by two methods. GROUP II A- Incorporation technique. GROUP II B- Immersion technique. GROUP II C- Control group. 3.. Testing the Dental stone specimen for dry Compressive strength. 4.. Statistical analysis and comparison of two disinfection techniques. 5.. Results. CONCLUSION : The results in a nutshell within the limitations of this study can be stated as follows. Incorporation of 2% Glutaraldehyde during type III Gypsum Product model preparation achieved higher level of disinfection with favourable dry Compressive strength when compared to 10 minutes of Immersion of type III Gypsum model. Therefore 2% Glutaraldehyde solution can be recommended in use for Incorporation disinfection of Dental stone
Shankargouda Patil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative Evaluation of Tensile Strength in Die Stone Incorporated with Sodium and Calcium Hypochlorite as Disinfectants: An in vitro Study.
The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2017Co-Authors: N R Pramodh, Cn Vijay Kumar, Pradeep, Ravi Naik, Cs Mahesh, Manju R Kumari, Shankargouda PatilAbstract:AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the tensile strength of die stone incorporated with sodium and calcium hypochlorite as disinfectants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two commercially available type IV die stone (Kalrock: Kalabhai Karson Pvt., Ltd and Pearlstone: Asian Chemicals) and two commercially available disinfectant solutions (sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite: Beachem Laboratory Chemical Private Limited, Chennai and Leo Chem Private Limited, Bengaluru) were used in this study, and the tensile strength was measured using Lloyd's Universal Testing Machine. RESULTS: The results show that incorporating the disinfecting solutions decreases the tensile strength of both Products. The effect of decreasing tensile strength on type IV Gypsum Product is seen more in calcium hypochlorite when compared with sodium hypochlorite disinfecting solution, and the tensile strength of Kalrock specimens is higher than Pearlstone specimens after disinfecting with sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite solution. The statistical results also show significant results in all the groups when compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: The incorporation of sodium and calcium hypochlorite disinfecting solutions is not an encouraging method for both die materials as it reduces the tensile strength of type IV Gypsum Product. Tensile strength of Kalstone® die material is superior than Pearlstone® die material after mixing with sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: According to the recommendations of Americans with Disability Act (ADA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, disinfecting the whole cast without or minimal changes in physical and mechanical properties was the motto of the study. The tensile strength in type IV Gypsum Product plays a most important role in retrieval of cast from impression, especially in narrow tooth preparation. This study reveals that incorporating method of disinfecting solutions is not recommended as it reduces the tensile strength.
Gupta Deepak Kumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An in vitro Study of the Effect of Spray Disinfectant on the Compressive Strength of Type III Gypsum Product
Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 2015Co-Authors: Gupta Kapil, Aggarwal Priyanki, Sharma Ritu, Sandeep Singh, Kishore Awadh, Sharma Harmesh, Gupta Deepak KumarAbstract:An indirect source of disease transmission is contaminated dental casts. To disinfect dental cast number of methods are employed. Spraying a disinfectant looks more handy and convenient method of disinfecting the cast. However in the process some mechanical properties of the material of the cast may be affected that are not desired. In this study three commercially available spray disinfectant namely-Iodophor, Unidex and Lysol were used to see their effect on the compressive strength of Type III (dental stone) Gypsum Product. The results were compared and statistically analyzed by one way analysis of Variance and Bonferroni test. It was found that Unidex (2.09% Acid glutarladehyde) affected the compressive strength of the Type III (dental stone) Gypsum Product in terms of significantly decreasing the strength. Though other two spray disinfectants also affected the compressive strength but Iodophor (1.64% available iodine) caused statistically non significant decrease and Lysol (cresol with soap solution) caused non significant increase in the compressive strength.
Qiang Xue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preparation of specific Gypsum with advanced hardness and bending strength by a novel in situ loading hydration process
Cement and Concrete Research, 2015Co-Authors: Jun Zhou, Chao Liu, Zhu Shu, Qiuyu Zhang, Qiang XueAbstract:Abstract An interesting approach named as “In-situ Loading-Hydration Process” is proposed and demonstrated to develop a new type of compact Gypsum Product with load-bearing ability, benefited from excellent hardness and bending strength. In detail, bassanite (CaSO 4 ·0.5H 2 O) is press-formed in a mold and in-situ hydrated into Gypsum (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) under the control of loading-pressure. The maximum hardness of 1.47 GPa and bending strength of 17.8 MPa are achieved at the loading pressures of 50 and 20 MPa, respectively. These outstanding mechanical properties of the processed Gypsums are mainly attributed to the low-level porosities and interlocking crystal microstructures.
N R Pramodh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative Evaluation of Tensile Strength in Die Stone Incorporated with Sodium and Calcium Hypochlorite as Disinfectants: An in vitro Study.
The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2017Co-Authors: N R Pramodh, Cn Vijay Kumar, Pradeep, Ravi Naik, Cs Mahesh, Manju R Kumari, Shankargouda PatilAbstract:AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the tensile strength of die stone incorporated with sodium and calcium hypochlorite as disinfectants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two commercially available type IV die stone (Kalrock: Kalabhai Karson Pvt., Ltd and Pearlstone: Asian Chemicals) and two commercially available disinfectant solutions (sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite: Beachem Laboratory Chemical Private Limited, Chennai and Leo Chem Private Limited, Bengaluru) were used in this study, and the tensile strength was measured using Lloyd's Universal Testing Machine. RESULTS: The results show that incorporating the disinfecting solutions decreases the tensile strength of both Products. The effect of decreasing tensile strength on type IV Gypsum Product is seen more in calcium hypochlorite when compared with sodium hypochlorite disinfecting solution, and the tensile strength of Kalrock specimens is higher than Pearlstone specimens after disinfecting with sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite solution. The statistical results also show significant results in all the groups when compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: The incorporation of sodium and calcium hypochlorite disinfecting solutions is not an encouraging method for both die materials as it reduces the tensile strength of type IV Gypsum Product. Tensile strength of Kalstone® die material is superior than Pearlstone® die material after mixing with sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: According to the recommendations of Americans with Disability Act (ADA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, disinfecting the whole cast without or minimal changes in physical and mechanical properties was the motto of the study. The tensile strength in type IV Gypsum Product plays a most important role in retrieval of cast from impression, especially in narrow tooth preparation. This study reveals that incorporating method of disinfecting solutions is not recommended as it reduces the tensile strength.