The Experts below are selected from a list of 216 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Andrew M Ramey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
prevalence and genetic diversity of Haematozoa in south american waterfowl and evidence for intercontinental redistribution of parasites by migratory birds
International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2015Co-Authors: Matthew M Smith, Andrew M RameyAbstract:To understand the role of migratory birds in the movement and transmission of Haematozoa within and between continental regions, we examined 804 blood samples collected from eleven endemic species of South American waterfowl in Peru and Argentina for infection by Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and/or Leucocytozoon blood parasites. Infections were detected in 25 individuals of six species for an overall apparent prevalence rate of 3.1%. Analysis of Haematozoa mitochondrial DNA revealed twelve distinct parasite haplotypes infecting South American waterfowl, four of which were identical to lineages previously observed infecting ducks and swans sampled in North America. Analysis of parasite mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed close phylogenetic relationships between lineages originating from waterfowl samples regardless of continental affiliation. In contrast, more distant phylogenetic relationships were observed between parasite lineages from waterfowl and passerines sampled in South America for Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon, suggesting some level of host specificity for parasites of these genera. The detection of identical parasite lineages in endemic, South American waterfowl and North American ducks and swans, paired with the close phylogenetic relationships of Haematozoa infecting waterfowl on both continents, provides evidence for parasite redistribution between these regions by migratory birds.
-
molecular detection of hematozoa infections in tundra swans relative to migration patterns and ecological conditions at breeding grounds
PLOS ONE, 2012Co-Authors: Andrew M Ramey, Joel A Schmutz, John M Pearce, Darryl J HeardAbstract:Tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus) are broadly distributed in North America, use a wide variety of habitats, and exhibit diverse migration strategies. We investigated patterns of hematozoa infection in three populations of tundra swans that breed in Alaska using satellite tracking to infer host movement and molecular techniques to assess the prevalence and genetic diversity of parasites. We evaluated whether migratory patterns and environmental conditions at breeding areas explain the prevalence of blood parasites in migratory birds by contrasting the fit of competing models formulated in an occupancy modeling framework and calculating the detection probability of the top model using Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). We described genetic diversity of blood parasites in each population of swans by calculating the number of unique parasite haplotypes observed. Blood parasite infection was significantly different between populations of Alaska tundra swans, with the highest estimated prevalence occurring among birds occupying breeding areas with lower mean daily wind speeds and higher daily summer temperatures. Models including covariates of wind speed and temperature during summer months at breeding grounds better predicted hematozoa prevalence than those that included annual migration distance or duration. Genetic diversity of blood parasites in populations of tundra swans appeared to be relative to hematozoa prevalence. Our results suggest ecological conditions at breeding grounds may explain differences of hematozoa infection among populations of tundra swans that breed in Alaska.
M A Peirce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
A NEW SPECIES OF AVIAN PIROPLASM FROM PHALACROCORACIDAE IN SOUTH AFRICA
2020Co-Authors: M A Peirce, Nola J ParsonsAbstract:Summary: A new species of Haematozoa, Babesia ugwidiensis sp. nov. from a cormorant is described. This is the first species of piroplasm to be recorded from the Phalacrocoracidae and the relationship of this parasite to other Babesia spp. from marine hosts is discussed.
-
Babesia ugwidiensis, a new species of Avian piroplasm from Phalacrocoracidae in South Africa
Parasite, 2012Co-Authors: M A Peirce, Nola J ParsonsAbstract:A new species of Haematozoa, Babesia ugwidiensis sp. nov. from a cormorant is described. This is the first species of piroplasm to be recorded from the Phalacrocoracidae and the relationship of this parasite to other Babesia spp. from marine hosts is discussed.
-
new species of Haematozoa from the avian families campephagidae and apodidae
Parasite, 2008Co-Authors: R K Barraclough, M A Peirce, Vincent RobertAbstract:Leucocytozoon coracinae sp. nov. est decrit de la famille d'oiseaux Campephagidae, et Hepatozoon apodis sp. nov. de la famille Apodidae. La distribution de ces parasites au sein de leurs familles respectives est discutee.
-
Leucocytozoon in captive penguins.
Veterinary Record, 2005Co-Authors: M A Peirce, A. G. Greenwood, M. F. StidworthyAbstract:SIR, – Most species of penguins within their natural distribution range are not infected with Haematozoa due to the absence of vectors. Notable exceptions are the African (jackass) penguin ( Spheniscus demersus ) and the Fiordland crested (Victoria) penguin ( Eudyptes pachyrhynchus ). The former
-
pathology associated with endogenous development of Haematozoa in birds from southeast queensland
Avian Pathology, 2004Co-Authors: M A Peirce, R D Adlard, R Lederer, P J OdonoghueAbstract:A study was undertaken on the pathology and associated schizont morphology of apicomplexan species of avian Haematozoa. Some 32 birds from the families Artamidae, Meliphagidae, Oriolidae, Podargidae, Columbidae, Alcedinidae and Psittacidae were identified as having schizonts in various tissues. Based on blood stages observed, the probable relationship to tissue stages was considered. The majority of schizonts were referable to the genera Leucocytozoon and Haemoproteus . The comparative morphology of tissue stages previously described in the literature is discussed and the involvement of protozoa other than Haematozoa considered. The naturally occurring infections in wild birds described in this study represent previously unreported data on the life-cycle stages involved. Some schizonts measured up to 640 mum. While pathological changes in some hosts were noticeable, in others no significant findings were observed. The role of endogenous stages in avian morbidity is discussed briefly.
Matthew M Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
prevalence and genetic diversity of Haematozoa in south american waterfowl and evidence for intercontinental redistribution of parasites by migratory birds
International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2015Co-Authors: Matthew M Smith, Andrew M RameyAbstract:To understand the role of migratory birds in the movement and transmission of Haematozoa within and between continental regions, we examined 804 blood samples collected from eleven endemic species of South American waterfowl in Peru and Argentina for infection by Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and/or Leucocytozoon blood parasites. Infections were detected in 25 individuals of six species for an overall apparent prevalence rate of 3.1%. Analysis of Haematozoa mitochondrial DNA revealed twelve distinct parasite haplotypes infecting South American waterfowl, four of which were identical to lineages previously observed infecting ducks and swans sampled in North America. Analysis of parasite mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed close phylogenetic relationships between lineages originating from waterfowl samples regardless of continental affiliation. In contrast, more distant phylogenetic relationships were observed between parasite lineages from waterfowl and passerines sampled in South America for Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon, suggesting some level of host specificity for parasites of these genera. The detection of identical parasite lineages in endemic, South American waterfowl and North American ducks and swans, paired with the close phylogenetic relationships of Haematozoa infecting waterfowl on both continents, provides evidence for parasite redistribution between these regions by migratory birds.
R A Earle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Haematozoa of redwing and greywing francolin from three montane grassland habitats in mpumalanga province south africa
South African Journal of Wildlife Research - 24-month delayed open access, 1998Co-Authors: R Jansen, A M Little, T M Crowe, R A EarleAbstract:We examined blood smears collected from 28 Redwing Francolin Francolinus levaillantii and nine Greywing Francolin F. africanus from three montane grassland habitats in the highlands of Mpumalanga Province, South Africa, from August 1996 to March 1997. Three Haematozoan parasites were identified of which Leucocytozoon macleani and microfilaria were the most common and Trypanosoma avium the least common. The incidence of infections were higher in Redwing Francolin (64.3%) than in Greywing Francolin (11.1%). Francolins collected in grasslands which had been exposed to higher grazing pressures and more frequent burning had a higher prevalence of blood parasites. Infections with L. macleani were significantly (P < 0.01) greater in commercially grazed and frequently burnt grassland habitats than in less intensively utilized grasslands. Incidence of infection by Haematozoa was inversely related to population density of Redwing Francolin. Haematozoal infections do not seem to pose any threat to population densities of these two grassland francolins within the study region.
-
sandgrouse pterocleidae and sociable weavers philetarius socius lack avian Haematozoa in semi arid regions of south africa
Journal of Arid Environments, 1995Co-Authors: Robin M Little, R A EarleAbstract:Blood smears from 97 sandgrouse (64 Namaqua Sandgrouse Pterocles namaqua , 28 Burchell's Sandgrouse P. burchelli and five Doublebanded Sandgrouse P. bicinctus ) and from 20 Sociable Weavers Philetarius socius collected in the semi-arid Northern Cape Province, South Africa were examined. No blood parasites were observed in any of the smears examined. Because of the scarcity of breeding habitats for the vectors of avian Haematozoa in arid and semi-arid regions of southern Africa, it is suggested that these environments are generally free of avian Haematozoa.
-
Haematozoa of feral rock doves and rock pigeons in mixed flocks
South African Journal of Wildlife Research - 24-month delayed open access, 1993Co-Authors: R A Earle, Rob M LittleAbstract:Large numbers of feral rock doves (feral pigeons) Columba livia and rock pigeons C. guinea fly daily in mixed flocks between roosting and nesting sites in Cape Town, South Africa, and feeding sites in farmlands north of the city during the austral summer. We examined blood smears for Haematozoa from 33 feral pigeons and 50 rock pigeons collected during the summers of 1991 / 1992 and 1992 / 1993 in the south-western Cape, and from nine rock pigeons collected during May 1992 in the north-eastern Cape. Haemoproteus columbae was the commonest of three parasites recorded. Leucocytozoon marchouxi and microfilariae were recorded in a male feral pigeon from the south-western Cape and a male rock pigeon from the Stormberg, respectively. The prevalence of infection by H. columbae was sex biased (higher in females) only in feral pigeons, and was significantly higher in feral pigeons (73%) than in rock pigeons (12%). The mean intensity of infection by H. columbae was independent of host-sex and was not significantly different between years for both host species. Overall mean burdens of this parasite were significantly higher in feral pigeons (x = 145; SD = 398; range = 0 - 2190; n = 33) than in rock pigeons (x = 1; SD = 3; range 0 - 12; n = 50). The mean burden in infected feral pigeons (x = 199,1; SD = 456,8; n = 24) was significantly higher than that for infected rock pigeons (x = 8,0; SD = 2,5; n = 6). An explanation for significantly higher infection by H. columbae in feral pigeons than in rock pigeons in the south-western Cape might be related to nest site locations and availability. Groot getalle tuinduiwe Columba livia en kransduiwe C. guinea vlieg daagliks in gemengde groepe tussen hul slaapplekke en neste in Kaapstad, Suid-Afrika, en hul voedingsareas op plase aan die noorde kant van die stad gedurende die somer. Bloedsmere van 33 tuinduiwe en 50 kransduiwe wat gedurende die 1991 / 1992 en 1992 / 1993 somer maande in die suidwestelike Kaap versamel is, en 'n verdere nege kransduiwe wat gedurende Mei 1992 in die noordoostelike Kaap versamel is, is ondersoek vir bloedparasiete. Haemoproteus columbae was die mees algemene parasiet van die drie tipes parasiete aangeteken. Leucocytozoon marchouxi en microfilariae is aangeteken in 'n tuinduif in die suidwestelike Kaap en 'n kransduif in die noordoostelike Kaap, onderskeidelik. Die voorkoms van die H. columbae infeksie was hoer in wyfies in die tuinduif en in die geheel was die infeksie betekenisvol hoer in tuinduiwe (73%) teenoor kransduiwe (12%). Die gemiddelde infeksie intensiteit van H. columbae is onafhanklik van die geslag van die gasheer en daar is geen betekenisvolle verskille tussen die jare vir enige van die duif species nie. Die totale parasiet lading van tuinduiwe is betekenisvol hoer (x = 145; SD = 398; reikwyte = 0 - 2190; n = 33) as die van kransduiwe (x = 1; SD = 3; reikwyte = 0 - 12; n = 50). Die gemiddelde lading in besmette tuinduiwe (x = 199,1; SD = 456,8; n = 24) is betekenisvol hoer as die van kransduiwe (x = 8,0; SD = 2,5; n = 6). 'n Verduideliking vir die beduidende hoer infeksie deur H. columbae in tuinduiwe as in kransduiwe kan in verband gebring word met nes plasing en beskikbaarheid.
-
a host parasite catalogue of the Haematozoa of the sub saharan birds
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 1992Co-Authors: Gordon F Bennett, R A Earle, Hester Du Toit, Fritz W HuchzermeyerAbstract:: The prevalence of avian Haematozoa in 826 species of birds representing 73 families of sub-Saharan birds as recorded in the literature or in the files of the International Reference Centre for Avian Haematozoa and the Veterinary Research Institute is presented. The most commonly occurring blood parasites were members of the genus Haemoproteus which were represented by 63 species which occurred in 19.1% of the sample. Twenty-five species of Leucocytozoon were recorded in 8.3% of the birds and represented the second most frequently encountered group of Haematozoa. Species of Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, and filarioids (as microfilariae) occurred in 3.5%, 2.5% and 2.8% respectively of the birds sampled; species of Aegyptianella, Atoxoplasma, Babesia and Hepatozoon were infrequently seen. An annotated list of the birds examined for Haematozoa is presented and brief descriptions of the species of Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon in birds of the sub-Saharan zone are included.
-
Haematozoa of greywing francolin from the stormberg eastern cape province south africa
South African Journal of Wildlife Research - 24-month delayed open access, 1992Co-Authors: R A Earle, Rob M Little, T M CroweAbstract:We examined blood smears collected from 251 greywing francolin, Francolinus africanus, from the Stormberg Plateau, eastern Cape Province, from January to December 1990. The monthly infection rate of greywing francolin by blood parasites averaged 37,8% (95 / 251; range = 27,9-63,6). Microfilariae, Plasmodium juxtanucleare, Leucocytozoon macleani and L. peaolopesi were the commonest of eight Haematozoan parasites recorded. Adult greywing francolin had higher prevalence of blood parasites (54%) than did juveniles (l 1 year old; 21%). P. juxtanucleare might contribute to mortality rates of greywing francolin. Infection by L. macleani and L. peaolopesi were distinct temporally. Peak prevalence of Leucocytozoon spp. appeared to be related to timing of annual rainfall because of the dependence of their vectors on running water for breeding. Levels of Haematozoan infection in greywing francolin are not sufficiently high to have macroscopically visible effects on the quality of the meat of this important gamebird. Bloedsmere van 251 bergpatryse Francolinus africanus van die Stormbergplato in die Oos-Kaap is vanaf Januarie tot Desember 1990 vir bloedparasiete ondersoek. Die gemiddelde maandelikse infeksie van bergpatryse deur bloedparasiete was 37,8% (95 / 251; reikwydte 27,9-63,6). Microfilariae, Plasmodium juxtanucleare, Leucocytozoon macleani en L. peaolopesi was die algemeenste van die agt bloedparasiete wat aangeteken is. Volwasse bergpatryse het 'n hoer voorkoms van bloedparasiete (54%) as onvolwasse voels (l 1 jaar oud; 24%) getoon. P. juxtanucleare mag bydra tot vrektes van bergpatryse. Voels was nie gelyktydig met L. macleani en L. peaolopesi besmet nie. 'n Hoe voorkoms van Leucocytozoon spp. is waarskynlik gekoppel aan die verspreiding van die jaarlikse reenval aangesien die tussengashere lopende water benodig vir voortplanting. Besmettingsvlakke van bergpatryse met bloedparasiete is nie hoog genoeg om 'n makroskopies sigbare nadelige invloed op die kwaliteit van die vleis van die belangrike jagvoel te he nie.
Nubia E. Matta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Plasmodium parasites in reptiles from the Colombia Orinoco-Amazon basin: a re-description of Plasmodium kentropyxi Lainson R, Landau I, Paperna I, 2001 and Plasmodium carmelinoi Lainson R, Franco CM, da Matta R, 2010
Parasitology Research, 2018Co-Authors: Nubia E. Matta, Leydy P. González, M. Andreína Pacheco, Ananías A. Escalante, Andrea M. Moreno, Angie D. González, Martha L. Calderón-espinosaAbstract:Colombia is a megadiverse country with about 600 species of reptiles; however, there are few studies on species of hemoparasites found in this taxonomic group. Here, we document the presence of Plasmodium spp. in four species of reptiles from the northern part of the Orinoco-Amazon region in Colombia. Individuals analyzed in this study were captured in localities between 200 and 500 m altitude, in the department of Guaviare. Each sample was screened for haemosporidian parasites by using morphology and a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol that targets the mitochondrial cytochrome b ( cytb ) gene. Four morphotypes of the genus Plasmodium were found; two of these species are re-described using morphological and molecular data ( cytb ). For the other two morphotypes, it was not possible to assign a described species. Among those, Plasmodium screened one species was only detected by microscopy. Considering the potential species diversity, it is possible that commonly used primers may not detect all species, reinforcing the importance of using microscopy in Haematozoa surveys. There was no correspondence between the morphological traits associated with the subgenera and the phylogenetic relationships that we found in our analyses. Additionally, we found an expansion in the geographical distribution of these two species, and a new host for P. kentropyxi , demonstrating that studies of tropical herpetofauna and their parasites deserve more attention.
-
Haematozoa in birds from la macarena national natural park colombia
Caldasia, 2006Co-Authors: Natalia Basto, Oscar A. Rodríguez, Rafael Gutierrez, Cornelis J Marinkelle, Nubia E. MattaAbstract:Birds from 69 species in 25 families were collected from La Macarena National Natural Park in Colombia between June and November 2000 and examined for Haematozoa. Eighty-two of the 342 birds (24%) were positive for one or more taxon. Microfilariae were the most commonly seen parasites (10.5%) and Leucocytozoon the least common (0.3%). Other parasites were species of the genera Plasmodium (4.4%), Trypanosoma (3.5%), Hepatozoon (3.5%) and Haemoproteus (3.2%). The low intensity of haemosporidian parasites agreed with other records from the Neotropics. Parasite prevalence in this Neotropical region was higher than levels found in other surveys in the Neotropics, but lower than levels found for the Nearctic area. A new host-parasite association is reported here, as well as avian species examined for Haematozoa for the first time.
-
Prevalence of blood parasites in Tyrannidae (flycatchers) in the Eastern plains of Colombia.
Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2004Co-Authors: Nubia E. Matta, Oscar A. Rodríguez, Natalia Basto, Rafael Gutierrez, Ellis C. GreinerAbstract:Blood samples from 159 birds of the New-world family Tyrannidae (the flycatchers) from the eastern plains of Colombia, were examined for Haematozoa parasites, in 1999-2000. Haematozoa were detected in six of 20 species. The overall prevalence was 10.1%. The most common parasites detected were microfilariae, followed by Trypanosoma and Plasmodium. The highest prevalence (9.6%) was found in the Ochre-bellied Flycatcher (Mionectes oleaginea). Mixed infections with more than one genus of blood parasite were rare and most infections encountered were of low intensity. The results of this study suggest an important role of ecologically diverse conditions determining composition, transmission, and prevalence of a blood parasite fauna, presumably through host interaction population density. Some new host parasite relationship records are presented.
-
Blood parasites in some birds from eastern plains of Colombia
Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2001Co-Authors: Oscar A. Rodríguez, Nubia E. MattaAbstract:A total of 315 birds representing 75 species (23 families) from Villavicencio and San Miguel (Meta, Colombia) were examined for Haematozoa. Fifty birds (15.9%) harbored blood parasites. Microfilariae were the most common Haematozoans encountered, followed by species of the genera Haemoproteus, Plasmodium and Trypanosoma. This survey included 15 new host-parasite records and 8 species of birds that were examined for Haematozoa for the first time. The prevalence registered in this research was similar to others recorded in the Neotropical region, but in sharp contrast with the prevalence of blood parasites in other major land masses.