Haemobilia

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F Inoue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Juan R. Malagelada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

H Osawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Stephen J. Beningfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Delayed presentation of Haemobilia after penetrating liver injury.
    HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association, 2006
    Co-Authors: Jake E. J. Krige, Stephen J. Beningfield
    Abstract:

    Sir, We read with interest the case report describing Haemobilia that presented 2 weeks after a thoracic stab wound 1. The authors indicate that the case is unusual because of the exceptional length of delay and thoracic stabbing as a cause. We have treated 10 patients, 9 men and 1 woman, with post-traumatic Haemobilia, ages ranging from 17 to 44 years (mean age 27 years) over a 36-year period 2. There were eight grade 3 injuries and two grade 4 liver injuries due to penetrating stab wounds in eight patients and blunt trauma in two patients. The mean delay between the initial liver injury and the diagnosis of Haemobilia was 23.5 days (range 1–120 days). Only 4 of the 10 patients presented within 1 week of the injury. Three of the stab wounds presented 13, 14 and 60 days after the injury. One patient with a grade 4 blunt liver injury after a motor vehicle accident (MVA) presented 120 days after the injury. Similar delays in presentation were documented in the study from Durban, with a mean delay of 16 days (range 7–211 days) 3. We agree that selective hepatic artery embolization using either 5 Fr Cobra or similar catheters passed over hydrophilic or Teflon-coated guide wires is the optimal treatment, supplemented by 3 Fr microcatheters when needed. Where possible, an attempt should be made to straddle the arterial injury site by placing coils or other occlusive agents on both sides of the injury to prevent possible retrograde flow and bleeding from intrahepatic arterial collaterals 2. Recanalization may occur in some patients when proximal gelatin sponge or even coils have been used. Gelatin sponge usually reabsorbs within a few weeks, potentially resulting in free bleeding if complete healing of the injury has not occurred, as in chronic causes. The data suggest that delayed presentation of Haemobilia is common both after blunt and penetrating liver injuries and that selective hepatic artery embolization with careful placement of coils or other, preferably non-absorbable material, provides optimal treatment.

  • Haemobilia after penetrating and blunt liver injury: treatment with selective hepatic artery embolisation.
    Injury, 2004
    Co-Authors: M.v Forlee, Jake E. J. Krige, C.j Welman, Stephen J. Beningfield
    Abstract:

    Although traumatic Haemobilia is uncommon and occurs in less than 3% of liver injuries, the magnitude of the bleeding may result in life-threatening complications. This study evaluated the efficacy of selective hepatic artery embolisation (HAE) in the control of bleeding in patients with traumatic Haemobilia. The demographic, clinical and angiographic data on all patients with traumatic Haemobilia were obtained from a prospectively documented database of patients undergoing visceral angiography for liver haemorrhage between 1967 and 2002. During the 36-year period under review, 30 patients were found to have Haemobilia on selective hepatic angiography. Ten of these 30 patients had Haemobilia due to accidental non-iatrogenic trauma and form the basis of this study. In 8 of the 10 patients Haemobilia resulted from penetrating liver injuries and two patients had blunt trauma. The mean delay between the initial injury and the diagnosis of Haemobilia was 23.5 (range 1-120) days. The mean blood loss before angiography was 8 (range 3-19) units. Six patients were treated successfully with selective hepatic arterial embolisation, three required surgery and one resolved without any intervention. There were no deaths and no complications resulting in long term sequelae. Traumatic Haemobilia is an uncommon but life-threatening complication of liver injury. Selective arterial embolisation is the initial treatment of choice with a substantial rate of success and a low incidence of serious complications.

Wojciech Cwikiel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Utility of Stent-Grafts in Treatment of Porto-Biliary Fistula
    CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Bora Peynircioglu, Wojciech Cwikiel
    Abstract:

    A porto-biliary fistula causing hemobilia is a known complication of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). We present two patients with hemobilia secondary to porto-biliary fistula, treated successfully by percutaneous placement of stent-grafts. In one case, the stent-graft was placed in the bile duct, and in the other case, it was placed in the intrahepatic portal vein branch. Hemobilia stopped and there were no complications except a small area of hepatic infarction, distal to the stent-graft in the portal vein.