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Frank Laroi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an epidemiological study on the prevalence of Hallucinations in a general population sample effects of age and sensory modality
Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, 2019Co-Authors: Frank Laroi, Josef J Bless, Julien Laloyaux, Bodil Krakvik, Einar Vedulkjelsas, Anne Martha Kalhovde, Marco Hirnstein, Kenneth HugdahlAbstract:Epidemiological studies have repeatedly shown that a significant minority of the general population have experienced Hallucinations, however, a potential effect of age on the prevalence of Hallucinations in the general population has never been previously examined in a specific study. The aim of the present study was thus to examine the effects of age and sensory modality on Hallucination prevalence in a general population sample. A large, randomly selected and representative sample of the Norwegian population completed measures assessing different Hallucination modalities (auditory, visual, olfactory, and tactile) and types (sensed presence and hypnagogic/hypnopompic Hallucinations). Three age groups were identified and compared: young (19-30 years), middle (31-60) and old (61-96). There was a significant main-effect of age for all Hallucination modalities and types, whereby Hallucination prevalence significantly decreased with age. We also found that anxiety partially mediated the effect of age on Hallucinations whilst depression was a partial suppressor. Concerning the co-occurrence of Hallucination modalities, there was very little co-occurrence of auditory and visual Hallucinations in all three age groups. In summary, a main-effect of age for Hallucination prevalence was observed. Furthermore, individuals reported a more diverse variety of Hallucination modalities compared to what is commonly reported in clinical populations.
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a cross national investigation of Hallucination like experiences in 10 countries the e clectic study
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2019Co-Authors: Sara Siddi, Frank Laroi, Susana Ochoa, Matteo Cella, Andrea Raballo, Sandra Saldivia, Yanet QuijadaAbstract:Hallucination-like experiences (HLEs) are typically defined as sensory perceptions in the absence of external stimuli. Multidimensional tools, able to assess different facets of HLEs, are helpful for a better characterization of Hallucination proneness and to investigate the cross-national variation in the frequencies of HLEs. The current study set out to establish the validity, factor structure, and measurement invariance of the Launay-Slade Hallucinations Scale-Extended (LSHS-E), a tool to assess HLEs. A total of 4419 respondents from 10 countries were enrolled. Network analyses between the LSHS-E and the 3 dimensions of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) were performed to assess convergent and divergent validity of the LSHS-E. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test its measurement invariance. The best fit was a 4-factor model, which proved invariant by country and clinical status, indicating cross-national stability of the Hallucination-proneness construct. Among the different components of Hallucination-proneness, auditory-visual HLEs had the strongest association with the positive dimension of the CAPE, compared with the depression and negative dimensions. Participants who reported a diagnosis of a mental disorder scored higher on the 4 LSHS-E factors. Small effect size differences by country were found in the scores of the 4 LSHS-E factors even after taking into account the role of socio-demographic and clinical variables. Due to its good psychometric properties, the LSHS-E is a strong candidate tool for large investigations of HLEs.
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Hallucinations, loneliness, and social isolation in Alzheimer's disease
Cogn Neuropsychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Mohamad El Haj, Frank Laroi, Renaud Jardri, Pascal AntoineAbstract:INTRODUCTION: Cognitive and functional compromise, as frequently observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD), hinders communication and social interactions. One consequence of this hindrance may be a feeling of loneliness. Moreover, emptiness and boredom, as observed in social isolation and loneliness, may thus be compensated for by creating imagined stimuli. Conditions of loneliness may be viewed as potentially generating hallucinatory experiences. To assess this assumption, the present study explored the relationship between social isolation, loneliness, and Hallucinations in a sample of 22 mild AD participants and 24 elderly, healthy controls. METHODS: Participants were assessed using the Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and a scale exploring contact with others and social participation. RESULTS: More hallucinatory experiences, social isolation, and loneliness were found in the AD group than in the healthy control group. Moreover, significant correlations were observed between Hallucinations and loneliness and between Hallucinations and social isolation in both groups. Finally, Hallucinations were predicted by social isolation. DISCUSSION: Hallucinations may constitute a compensatory mechanism that aims to fulfil communication needs in lonely, elderly participants. Hallucinations may also be regarded as experiences that allow certain participants to escape the cycle of boredom, emptiness, and affective deprivation caused by social isolation.
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Culture and Hallucinations: Overview and Future Directions
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2014Co-Authors: Frank Laroi, Charles Fernyhough, Tanya Marie Luhrmann, Vaughan Bell, William A Christian, Smita N. Deshpande, Janis H. Jenkins, Angela WoodsAbstract:†These authors equally contributed to this paper and are willing to share the first authorship. A number of studies have explored Hallucinations as complex experiences involving interactions between psychological, biological, and environmental factors and mechanisms. Nevertheless, relatively little attention has focused on the role of culture in shaping Hallucinations. This article reviews the published research, drawing on the expertise of both anthropologists and psychologists. We argue that the extant body of work suggests that culture does indeed have a significant impact on the experience, understanding, and labeling of Hallucinations and that there may be important theoretical and clinical consequences of that observation. We find that culture can affect what is identified as a Hallucination, that there are different patterns of Hallucination among the clinical and nonclinical populations, that Hallucinations are often culturally meaningful, that Hallucinations occur at different rates in different settings; that culture affects the meaning and characteristics of Hallucinations associated with psychosis, and that the cultural variations of psychotic Hallucinations may have implications for the clinical outcome of those who struggle with psychosis. We conclude that a clinician should never assume that the mere report of what seems to be a Hallucination is necessarily a symptom of pathology and that the patient’s cultural background needs to be taken into account when assessing and treating Hallucinations.
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Culture and Hallucinations: overview and future directions.
Schizophrenia bulletin, 2014Co-Authors: Frank Laroi, Charles Fernyhough, Tanya Marie Luhrmann, Vaughan Bell, William A Christian, Smita Deshpande, Janis Jenkins, Angela WoodsAbstract:A number of studies have explored Hallucinations as complex experiences involving interactions between psychological, biological, and environmental factors and mechanisms. Nevertheless, relatively little attention has focused on the role of culture in shaping Hallucinations. This article reviews the published research, drawing on the expertise of both anthropologists and psychologists. We argue that the extant body of work suggests that culture does indeed have a significant impact on the experience, understanding, and labeling of Hallucinations and that there may be important theoretical and clinical consequences of that observation. We find that culture can affect what is identified as a Hallucination, that there are different patterns of Hallucination among the clinical and nonclinical populations, that Hallucinations are often culturally meaningful, that Hallucinations occur at different rates in different settings; that culture affects the meaning and characteristics of Hallucinations associated with psychosis, and that the cultural variations of psychotic Hallucinations may have implications for the clinical outcome of those who struggle with psychosis. We conclude that a clinician should never assume that the mere report of what seems to be a Hallucination is necessarily a symptom of pathology and that the patient's cultural background needs to be taken into account when assessing and treating Hallucinations.
Renaud Jardri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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What can we learn from fMRI capture of visual Hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease?
Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2019Co-Authors: Kathy Dujardin, Stéphanie Lefebvre, Christine Delmaire, D. Pins, Guillaume Baille, Luc Defebvre, David Roman, Renaud JardriAbstract:Background: With disease progression, patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) may have chronic visual Hallucinations (VH). The mechanisms behind this invalidating non-motor symptom remain largely unknown, namely because it is extremely difficult to capture Hallucination events. This study aimed to describe the patterns of brain functional changes when VH occur in PD patients. Methods: Nine PD patients were enrolled because of their frequent and chronic VH (> 10/day). Patients with severe cognitive decline (MMSE
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Dysconnectivity in Hallucinations
Hallucinations in Psychoses and Affective Disorders, 2018Co-Authors: Branislava Ćurčić-blake, Josselin Houenou, Renaud JardriAbstract:Abnormalities in brain connectivity are associated with Hallucinations. Several networks including sensory and resting-state networks have been pointed out as crucial in various Hallucination modalities. Here we review the literature on brain connectivity relevant to auditory verbal and visual Hallucinations with an emphasis on the most recent studies. Most recent literature investigates this issue in first-episode patients who are mainly medication naive. This enables the investigation of “true” abnormalities in brain connections, how they change with medication, and how they develop with illness progression. The literature that includes neural correlates of Hallucinations in mood disorder is deficient. Both visual and auditory verbal Hallucinations are associated with abnormal connections of perception areas, specific to that particular Hallucination modality.
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Évaluer les Hallucinations précoces à l’ère du numérique : histoire du projet MHASC©
Annales Médico-Psychologiques Revue Psychiatrique, 2017Co-Authors: Renaud Jardri, Morgane Demeulemeester, Ben FligansAbstract:The recent growth in Mobile-Health services paved the way for new assessment tools of subjectivity in youth, a population familiar with videogame codes. The Multisensory Hallucination Scale for Children (MHASC) app was born in this context. MHASC is a non-profit, multiplatform M-Health app, validated for the assessment of early-onset Hallucinations, independently of the underlying clinical context.
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Hallucinations in schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease: an analysis of ă sensory modalities involved and the repercussion on patients
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: P. M. Llorca, Renaud Jardri, B. Pereira, I. Chereau-boudet, G. Brousse, D. Misdrahi, G. Fenelon, A. -m. Tronche, R. Schwan, C. LançonAbstract:Hallucinations have been described in various clinical populations, but they are neither disorder nor disease specific. In schizophrenia patients, Hallucinations are hallmark symptoms and auditory ones are described as the more frequent. In Parkinson's disease, the descriptions of Hallucination modalities are sparse, but the Hallucinations do tend to have less negative consequences. Our study aims to explore the phenomenology of Hallucinations in both hallucinating schizophrenia patients and Parkinson's disease patients using the Psycho-Sensory Hallucinations Scale (PSAS). The main objective is to describe the phenomena of these clinical symptoms in those two specific populations. Each hallucinatory sensory modality significantly differed between Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia patients. Auditory, olfactory/gustatory and cœnesthetic Hallucinations were more frequent in schizophrenia than visual Hallucinations. The guardian angel item, usually not explored in schizophrenia, was described by 46% of these patients. The combination of auditory and visual Hallucinations was the most frequent for both Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. The repercussion index summing characteristics of each Hallucination (frequency, duration, negative aspects, conviction, impact, control and sound intensity) was always higher for schizophrenia. A broader view including widespread characteristics and interdisciplinary works must be encouraged to better understand the complexity of the process involved in Hallucinations.
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Hallucinations and conscious access to visual inputs in Parkinson's disease
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Stéphanie Lefebvre, Renaud Jardri, Pierre Thomas, Christine Delmaire, D. Pins, Guillaume Baille, Lucie Plomhause, Sébastien Szaffarczyk, Luc Defebvre, Kathy DujardinAbstract:The pathophysiology of visual Hallucinations in Parkinson's disease has yet to be characterized. Although stimulus-driven ("bottom-up") processes are known to be impaired, the role of "top-down" processes remains to be determined. Distinguishing between conscious and non-conscious detections (i.e. access to consciousness) may be a valuable way of monitoring top-down processes. Conscious access to visual inputs was investigated to identify the neural substrates underlying susceptibility to Hallucinations in Parkinson's disease. Seventeen healthy controls, 18 Parkinson's disease patients with minor visual Hallucinations and 16 without were enrolled in the study. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, the participants performed a visual detection task. The detection threshold was significantly higher in each patient group than in healthy controls while the two groups of patients did not differ significantly. Compared with Hallucination-free patients, patients with minor Hallucinations displayed hyperactivation of prefrontal and right occipital cortices, and hypoactivation of the left cingulate, temporal and occipital cortices. During conscious access to visual inputs, the functional network in patients with visual Hallucinations differed from that seen in patients without visual Hallucinations. This suggests that the supremacy of top-down processes in visual information processing may enhance susceptibility to Hallucinations in Parkinson's disease.
Marion Plaze - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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where do auditory Hallucinations come from a brain morphometry study of schizophrenia patients with inner or outer space Hallucinations
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2011Co-Authors: Marion Plaze, Marielaure Pailleremartinot, Renaud De Beaurepaire, Andre Galinowski, Dominique Januel, Jamila Andoh, Frank Bellivier, Jani Penttila, Thierry GallardaAbstract:Auditory verbal Hallucinations are a cardinal symptom of schizophrenia. Bleuler and Kraepelin distinguished 2 main classes of Hallucinations: Hallucinations heard outside the head (outer space, or external, Hallucinations) and Hallucinations heard inside the head (inner space, or internal, Hallucinations). This distinction has been confirmed by recent phenomenological studies that identified 3 independent dimensions in auditory Hallucinations: language complexity, self-other misattribution, and spatial location. Brain imaging studies in schizophrenia patients with auditory Hallucinations have already investigated language complexity and self-other misattribution, but the neural substrate of Hallucination spatial location remains unknown. Magnetic resonance images of 45 right-handed patients with schizophrenia and persistent auditory Hallucinations and 20 healthy right-handed subjects were acquired. Two homogeneous subgroups of patients were defined based on the Hallucination spatial location: patients with only outer space Hallucinations (N = 12) and patients with only inner space Hallucinations (N = 15). Between-group differences were then assessed using 2 complementary brain morphometry approaches: voxel-based morphometry and sulcus-based morphometry. Convergent anatomical differences were detected between the patient subgroups in the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ). In comparison to healthy subjects, opposite deviations in white matter volumes and sulcus displacements were found in patients with inner space Hallucination and patients with outer space Hallucination. The current results indicate that spatial location of auditory Hallucinations is associated with the rTPJ anatomy, a key region of the “where” auditory pathway. The detected tilt in the sulcal junction suggests deviations during early brain maturation, when the superior temporal sulcus and its anterior terminal branch appear and merge.
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“Where Do Auditory Hallucinations Come From?”—A Brain Morphometry Study of Schizophrenia Patients With Inner or Outer Space Hallucinations
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2009Co-Authors: Marion Plaze, Renaud De Beaurepaire, Andre Galinowski, Thierry Gallarda, Marie-laure Paillère-martinot, Dominique Januel, Jamila Andoh, Frank Bellivier, Jani Penttila, Eric ArtigesAbstract:Auditory verbal Hallucinations are a cardinal symptom of schizophrenia. Bleuler and Kraepelin distinguished 2 main classes of Hallucinations: Hallucinations heard outside the head (outer space, or external, Hallucinations) and Hallucinations heard inside the head (inner space, or internal, Hallucinations). This distinction has been confirmed by recent phenomenological studies that identified 3 independent dimensions in auditory Hallucinations: language complexity, self-other misattribution, and spatial location. Brain imaging studies in schizophrenia patients with auditory Hallucinations have already investigated language complexity and self-other misattribution, but the neural substrate of Hallucination spatial location remains unknown. Magnetic resonance images of 45 right-handed patients with schizophrenia and persistent auditory Hallucinations and 20 healthy right-handed subjects were acquired. Two homogeneous subgroups of patients were defined based on the Hallucination spatial location: patients with only outer space Hallucinations (N = 12) and patients with only inner space Hallucinations (N = 15). Between-group differences were then assessed using 2 complementary brain morphometry approaches: voxel-based morphometry and sulcus-based morphometry. Convergent anatomical differences were detected between the patient subgroups in the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ). In comparison to healthy subjects, opposite deviations in white matter volumes and sulcus displacements were found in patients with inner space Hallucination and patients with outer space Hallucination. The current results indicate that spatial location of auditory Hallucinations is associated with the rTPJ anatomy, a key region of the “where” auditory pathway. The detected tilt in the sulcal junction suggests deviations during early brain maturation, when the superior temporal sulcus and its anterior terminal branch appear and merge.
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left superior temporal gyrus activation during sentence perception negatively correlates with auditory Hallucination severity in schizophrenia patients
Schizophrenia Research, 2006Co-Authors: Marion Plaze, Renaud De Beaurepaire, Dominique Januel, Jamila Andoh, Frank Bellivier, David Bartresfaz, Jeanluc Martinot, Sandra Chanraud, Jeanpascal LefaucheurAbstract:The left superior temporal cortex, which supports linguistic functions, has consistently been reported to activate during auditory–verbal Hallucinations in schizophrenia patients. It has been suggested that auditory Hallucinations and the processing of normal external speech compete for common neurophysiological resources. We tested the hypothesis of a negative relationship between the clinical severity of Hallucinations and local brain activity in posterior linguistic regions while patients were listening to external speech. Fifteen right-handed patients with schizophrenia and daily auditory Hallucinations for at least 3 months were studied with event-related fMRI while listening to sentences in French or to silence. Severity of Hallucinations, assessed using the auditory Hallucination subscales of the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales (PSYRATS) and of the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS-AH), negatively correlated with activation in the left temporal superior region in the French minus silence condition. This finding supports the hypothesis
Jamila Andoh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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where do auditory Hallucinations come from a brain morphometry study of schizophrenia patients with inner or outer space Hallucinations
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2011Co-Authors: Marion Plaze, Marielaure Pailleremartinot, Renaud De Beaurepaire, Andre Galinowski, Dominique Januel, Jamila Andoh, Frank Bellivier, Jani Penttila, Thierry GallardaAbstract:Auditory verbal Hallucinations are a cardinal symptom of schizophrenia. Bleuler and Kraepelin distinguished 2 main classes of Hallucinations: Hallucinations heard outside the head (outer space, or external, Hallucinations) and Hallucinations heard inside the head (inner space, or internal, Hallucinations). This distinction has been confirmed by recent phenomenological studies that identified 3 independent dimensions in auditory Hallucinations: language complexity, self-other misattribution, and spatial location. Brain imaging studies in schizophrenia patients with auditory Hallucinations have already investigated language complexity and self-other misattribution, but the neural substrate of Hallucination spatial location remains unknown. Magnetic resonance images of 45 right-handed patients with schizophrenia and persistent auditory Hallucinations and 20 healthy right-handed subjects were acquired. Two homogeneous subgroups of patients were defined based on the Hallucination spatial location: patients with only outer space Hallucinations (N = 12) and patients with only inner space Hallucinations (N = 15). Between-group differences were then assessed using 2 complementary brain morphometry approaches: voxel-based morphometry and sulcus-based morphometry. Convergent anatomical differences were detected between the patient subgroups in the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ). In comparison to healthy subjects, opposite deviations in white matter volumes and sulcus displacements were found in patients with inner space Hallucination and patients with outer space Hallucination. The current results indicate that spatial location of auditory Hallucinations is associated with the rTPJ anatomy, a key region of the “where” auditory pathway. The detected tilt in the sulcal junction suggests deviations during early brain maturation, when the superior temporal sulcus and its anterior terminal branch appear and merge.
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“Where Do Auditory Hallucinations Come From?”—A Brain Morphometry Study of Schizophrenia Patients With Inner or Outer Space Hallucinations
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2009Co-Authors: Marion Plaze, Renaud De Beaurepaire, Andre Galinowski, Thierry Gallarda, Marie-laure Paillère-martinot, Dominique Januel, Jamila Andoh, Frank Bellivier, Jani Penttila, Eric ArtigesAbstract:Auditory verbal Hallucinations are a cardinal symptom of schizophrenia. Bleuler and Kraepelin distinguished 2 main classes of Hallucinations: Hallucinations heard outside the head (outer space, or external, Hallucinations) and Hallucinations heard inside the head (inner space, or internal, Hallucinations). This distinction has been confirmed by recent phenomenological studies that identified 3 independent dimensions in auditory Hallucinations: language complexity, self-other misattribution, and spatial location. Brain imaging studies in schizophrenia patients with auditory Hallucinations have already investigated language complexity and self-other misattribution, but the neural substrate of Hallucination spatial location remains unknown. Magnetic resonance images of 45 right-handed patients with schizophrenia and persistent auditory Hallucinations and 20 healthy right-handed subjects were acquired. Two homogeneous subgroups of patients were defined based on the Hallucination spatial location: patients with only outer space Hallucinations (N = 12) and patients with only inner space Hallucinations (N = 15). Between-group differences were then assessed using 2 complementary brain morphometry approaches: voxel-based morphometry and sulcus-based morphometry. Convergent anatomical differences were detected between the patient subgroups in the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ). In comparison to healthy subjects, opposite deviations in white matter volumes and sulcus displacements were found in patients with inner space Hallucination and patients with outer space Hallucination. The current results indicate that spatial location of auditory Hallucinations is associated with the rTPJ anatomy, a key region of the “where” auditory pathway. The detected tilt in the sulcal junction suggests deviations during early brain maturation, when the superior temporal sulcus and its anterior terminal branch appear and merge.
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left superior temporal gyrus activation during sentence perception negatively correlates with auditory Hallucination severity in schizophrenia patients
Schizophrenia Research, 2006Co-Authors: Marion Plaze, Renaud De Beaurepaire, Dominique Januel, Jamila Andoh, Frank Bellivier, David Bartresfaz, Jeanluc Martinot, Sandra Chanraud, Jeanpascal LefaucheurAbstract:The left superior temporal cortex, which supports linguistic functions, has consistently been reported to activate during auditory–verbal Hallucinations in schizophrenia patients. It has been suggested that auditory Hallucinations and the processing of normal external speech compete for common neurophysiological resources. We tested the hypothesis of a negative relationship between the clinical severity of Hallucinations and local brain activity in posterior linguistic regions while patients were listening to external speech. Fifteen right-handed patients with schizophrenia and daily auditory Hallucinations for at least 3 months were studied with event-related fMRI while listening to sentences in French or to silence. Severity of Hallucinations, assessed using the auditory Hallucination subscales of the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales (PSYRATS) and of the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS-AH), negatively correlated with activation in the left temporal superior region in the French minus silence condition. This finding supports the hypothesis
Flavie Waters - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Changing Face of Hallucination Research: The International Consortium on Hallucination Research (ICHR) 2015 Meeting Report
Schizophrenia bulletin, 2015Co-Authors: Neil Thomas, Susan L. Rossell, Flavie WatersAbstract:This article reports on the Third Biennial Meeting of the International Consortium on Hallucinations Research, held in Melbourne, Australia, in October 2015. Following a public conference in which research findings were considered in relation to subjective experience and practice, 9 multidisciplinary working groups examined key current issues in progressing the conceptualization and research of Hallucinations. Work group topics included: multicenter validation of the transdiagnostic and multimodal Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences; development of an improved outcome measure for psychological therapies; the relationship between inhibition and Hallucinations across multiple levels of explanation; Hallucinations in relation to sleep phenomena; emotion and Hallucinations; multiple interactions between the experience of self and Hallucinations; interactions between language, auditory and memory networks; resting state networks including the default mode; and analyses arising from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data-sharing. Major themes in Hallucinations research identified during the meeting included (1) progression beyond the auditory verbal modality in schizophrenia to consider Hallucinations across modalities and different populations; (2) development of new measures; (3) the central role of multisite collaboration through shared data collection and data pooling; (4) study of time-based and interactive models of Hallucination; and (5) the need to increase the accessibility and availability of "real-life" interventions for people with persisting and distressing Hallucinations.
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Special Supplement Introduction: Hallucinations
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2014Co-Authors: Charles Fernyhough, Flavie WatersAbstract:This Special Supplement presents reports from 11 working groups of the interdisciplinary International Consortium on Hallucination Research meeting in Durham, UK, September 2013. Topics include psychological therapies for auditory Hallucinations, culture and Hallucinations, Hallucinations in children and adolescents, visual Hallucinations, interdisciplinary approaches to the phenomenology of auditory verbal Hallucinations (AVHs), AVHs in persons without need for care, a multisite study of the PSYRATS instrument, subtypes of AVHs, the Hearing Voices Movement, Research Domain Criteria for Hallucinations, and cortical specialization as a route to understanding Hallucinations.
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Report on the 2nd International Consortium on Hallucination Research: Evolving Directions and Top-10 "hot spots" in Hallucination Research
Schizophrenia bulletin, 2013Co-Authors: Flavie Waters, Angela Woods, Charles FernyhoughAbstract:This article presents a report on the 2nd meeting of the International Consortium on Hallucination Research, held on September 12th and 13th 2013 at Durham University, UK. Twelve working groups involving specialists in each area presented their findings and sought to summarize the available knowledge, inconsistencies in the field, and ways to progress. The 12 working groups reported on the following domains of investigation: cortical organisation of Hallucinations, nonclinical Hallucinations, interdisciplinary approaches to phenomenology, culture and Hallucinations, subtypes of auditory verbal Hallucinations, a Psychotic Symptoms Rating Scale multisite study, visual Hallucinations in the psychosis spectrum, Hallucinations in children and adolescents, Research Domain Criteria behavioral constructs and Hallucinations, new methods of assessment, psychological therapies, and the Hearing Voices Movement approach to understanding and working with voices. This report presents a summary of this meeting and outlines 10 hot spots for Hallucination research, which include the in-depth examination of (1) the social determinants of Hallucinations, (2) translation of basic neuroscience into targeted therapies, (3) different modalities of Hallucination, (4) domain convergence in cross-diagnostic studies, (5) improved methods for assessing Hallucinations in nonclinical samples, (6) using humanities and social science methodologies to recontextualize hallucinatory experiences, (7) developmental approaches to better understand Hallucinations, (8) changing the memory or meaning of past trauma to help recovery, (9) Hallucinations in the context of sleep and sleep disorders, and (10) subtypes of Hallucinations in a therapeutic context.
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report on the inaugural meeting of the international consortium on Hallucination research a clinical and research update and 16 consensus set goals for future research
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2012Co-Authors: Flavie Waters, André Aleman, Charles Fernyhough, Paul AllenAbstract:This article presents a report on the first meeting of the International Consortium on Hallucination Research, which took place on September 13-14, 2011 at the Institute of Psychiatry, London. The first day of the meeting served to reflect on the current state of knowledge regarding auditory Hallucinations in different diagnostic groups, based on the presentations from the phenomenology, cognition, emotion, electrophysiology, neurochemical, neuroimaging, genetics, treatment, and computational modeling working groups. The second day comprised a discussion forum where the most important and urgent questions for future research were identified. The meeting recognized that a lot has been achieved in auditory Hallucination research but that much still remains to be done. Here, we outline the top 16 goals for research on auditory Hallucinations, which cover topics of conceptual importance, academic and treatment issues, scientific rigor, and cross-disciplinary collaboration. Concerted and coordinated actions will be required to make substantial research progress.
