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Kazuhiro W. Makabe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maternal Genetic Information Stored in Fertilized Eggs of the Ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi
The Biology of Ascidians, 2001Co-Authors: Kazuhiro W. Makabe, Takahito Nishikata, Yasunori Sasakura, Takeshi Kawashima, Shuichi Kawashima, Hisayoshi Ishikawa, Hiroshi Kawamura, Minoru Kanehisa, Hiroki NishidaAbstract:We are interested in maternal mRNA as a candidate for cytoplasmic factors that provide information for cell-type diversification and morphogenesis during embryogenesis. We initiated an EST project on fertilized eggs of the ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi, which collects tag-sequences of maternal mRNA and their expression data obtained from whole-mount in situ hybridization, and constructed a relational database named MAGEST. Here we report on three groups of genes detected by cluster analysis. First, it was found that at least 1% of the mRNA in the egg encode zinc-finger motifs. Second, approximately 6% of the mRNA are localized in the 8-cell embryo, most of which are found at the posterior pole. They are divided into two categories by the difference in translocation pathway; type I and type II. Third, a significant number of genes begin zygotic expression in the B7.6 pair in the endodermal strand of the tailbud embryo. These findings will serve as a resource for understanding the molecular mechanisms of ascidian development.
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characterization of a novel member of the fgfr family hrfgfr in Halocynthia roretzi
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2000Co-Authors: Shuichi Kamei, Ichiro Yajima, Ako Kobayashi, Hidetoshi Yamazaki, Shinichi Hayashi, Kazuhiro W. Makabe, Hiroaki Yamamoto, Takahiro KunisadaAbstract:Abstract The cDNA for a novel member of the FGFR family, named HrFGFR, was isolated from a Halocynthia roretzi cDNA library prepared at the mid-tailbud stage. This cDNA was 3507b long, and the deduced amino acid sequence contained a motif characteristic of the vertebrate FGFRs. The existence of a single copy of the FGFR homologue gene in H. roretzi was suggested by restriction site analysis of multiple clones. HrFGFR mRNA was expressed strongly in the posterior region in the epidermis from the middle neurula stage. By contrast, Xenopus FGFR homologues are expressed in the anterior region and are known to induce anterior neural formation. A transition of the region expressing FGFR might have induced the more complicated brain or head formation characteristic of vertebrates.
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expression patterns of musashi homologs of the ascidians Halocynthia roretzi and ciona intestinalis
Development Genes and Evolution, 2000Co-Authors: Takeshi Kawashima, Michio Ogasawara, Akikazu R Murakami, Kimio J Tanaka, Ryuji Isoda, Takahito Nishikata, Yasunori Sasakura, Hideyuki Okano, Kazuhiro W. MakabeAbstract:The gene family encoding RNA-binding proteins includes important regulators involved in the neurogenesis in both protostomes and deuterostomes. We isolated cDNAs of the ascidian homolog of one of the RNA-binding proteins, MUSASHI, from Halocynthia roretzi and Ciona intestinalis. The predicted amino acid sequences contained two RNA-recognition and RNA-binding motifs in the N-terminus and an ascidian-specific YG-rich domain in the C-terminus. Maternal transcripts of musashi were ubiquitous in early cleavage-stage embryos. Ascidian musashi had three domains of zygotic expression: the brain, nerve cord, and mesenchyma. The temporal order of the onset in these domains was highly divergent between the two species of ascidian examined.
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Maternal information and localized maternal mRNAs in eggs and early embryos of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi
Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 1999Co-Authors: Hiroki Nishida, Kazuhiro W. MakabeAbstract:Summary The mosaic behavior of blastomeres isolated from ascidian embryos has been taken as evidence that localized ooplasmic factors (cytoplasmic determinants) specify tissue precursor cells during embryogenesis. Experiments involving the transfer of egg cytoplasm have revealed the presence and localization of various kinds of cytoplasmic determinants in eggs of Halocynthia roretzi. Three cell fates, epidermis, muscle and endoderm, are fixed by cytoplasmic determinants. The three kinds of tissue determinants move in different directions during ooplasmic segregation. Prior to the onset of the first cleavage the three kinds of determinants reside in egg regions that correspond to the future fate map of the embryo and then they are differentially partitioned into specific blastomeres. In addition to tissue-specific determinants, there is evidence suggesting that ascidian eggs contain localized cytoplasmic factors that are responsible for controlling the cleavage pattern and morphogenetic movements. Transpla...
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maternally localized rna encoding a serine threonine protein kinase in the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi
Mechanisms of Development, 1998Co-Authors: Yasunori Sasakura, Michio Ogasawara, Kazuhiro W. MakabeAbstract:Abstract Maternally localized cytoplasmic determinants play important roles in the embryogenesis of many animals, including ascidians. Cytoplasmic determinants are particularly important in the determination of cell fates, and in the establishment of the embryonic axes. Ascidians, which show mosaic development, are good models for the study of maternal cytoplasmic determinants. Here we report the isolation and characterization of HrPOPK-1 ( Halocynthia roretzi posterior protein kinase-1), a putative protein serine/threonine kinase. HrPOPK-1 cDNA was obtained from a Halocynthia roretzi fertilized egg cDNA library by screening for localized RNAs using whole-mount in situ hybridization. HrPOPK-1 mRNA is strongly localized at the posterior pole of embryos. The pattern of HrPOPK-1 mRNA localization during early embryogenesis is identical to that of HrWnt-5 in Halocynthia roretzi , and to those of the posterior end mark ( pem ) transcripts of Ciona savignyi . In addition, HrPOPK-1 shows zygotic expression in neural tissues at the tailbud stage. These results show that the temporal regulation of HrPOPK-1 transcription is complex.
Jinsoo Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development and characterization of sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi sikhae
Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Ji Hye Kim, Minji Kim, Ji Sun Lee, Kihyun Kim, Hyeon Jeong Kim, Min Soo Heu, Jinsoo KimAbstract:This study was conducted to develop and characterize sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi sikhae. According to the results for pH, total acidity, lactic acid bacteria, amino nitrogen and sensory evaluation of sea squirt sikhae during fermentation for 6 days at , the optimum fermentation periods were 4 days for sourness-disliking customers and 5 days for sour-disliking customers. No differences in the proximate compositions of sea squirt sikhaes fermented for 4 days (4D) and for 5 days (5D) were found. There was a difference in the eproximate compositions of commercial seasoned sea squirts, 4D and 5D, sea squirt sikhaes. The results of salinity, total acidity, amino nitrogen and sensory evaluation of two kinds of sikhae suggest that the taste was stronger for 5D than for 4D, both of which were superior to commercial seasoned sea squirts. There was, however, no difference in color of 4D, 5D and commercial seasoned sea squirts. The results of E. coli analyses suggest that sea squirt sikhae is a safe food in terms of sanitation.
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food quality and characterization of commercial seasoned sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi
Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Jung Suck Lee, Ji Hye Kim, Minji Kim, Ji Sun Lee, Kihyun Kim, Hyeon Jeong Kim, Min Soo Heu, Jinsoo KimAbstract:This study investigated the food biochemical characterization of commercial seasoned sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi (CSS). The proximate composition of CSS was 77.2-82.7% moisture, 7.1-9.1% crude protein, 0.3-2.6% crude lipid and 3.5-6.3% ash. Taste compound contents of CSS were 2.3-5.4% salinity (saltiness), 0.42-1.12 g/100 g total acidity (sourness) and 114.9-330.2 mg/100 g amino nitrogen (taste intensity). The Hunter color values of CSS were 23.79-32.50 for lightness, 9.97-20.45 for redness, 14.01-20.96 for yellowness and 64.50-76.63 for color difference. The odor intensity of CSS was 35.0-62.0. According to these results, there were large differences in proximate composition, taste compounds, Hunter color values and odor intensity of CSS. Viable cell counts ranged from 6.20 to 7.69 log (CFU/g), and most of the viable cells comprised of lactic acid-forming bacteria. CSS was not detected in the coliform group.
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taste nutritional and functional characterizations of commercial seasoned sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi
Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Min Soo Heu, Ji Hye Kim, Minji Kim, Ji Sun Lee, Kihyun Kim, Hyeon Jeong Kim, Jinsoo KimAbstract:This study examined the taste, nutritional and functional characterizations of commercial seasoned sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi (CSS). Total taste values of CSS ranged from 7.6 to 69.5 and the major free amino acids were glutamic acid and aspartic acid. Total contents of amino acids in CSS ranged from 5.91 to 7.59 g/100 g and the major amino acids were also glutamic acid and aspartic acid. When taking 100 g of CSS, the minerals that could be expected to have functional health effects (minerals whose levels were above 10% of the recommended daily requirements) were P, Mg and Fe. Other minerals were also present in non-negligible quantities. In terms of the functional properties of CSS, ACE inhibitory activity was 21.2-37.1%, antioxidative activity was 55.4-90.4%, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was 52.9-76.6% and -glucosidase inhibitory activity was 0-32%. Antimicrobial activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus was not detected, but activity against Staphylococcus aureus, groups such as KB, GG, CY, DN, HC and KH, and against Escherichia coli groups such as SF, WD, KB and GG, was detected.
Junghoon Yoon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ruegeria Halocynthiae sp nov isolated from the sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Sooyeon Park, Sojung Kang, Taekwang Oh, Junghoon YoonAbstract:A Gram-negative, motile, ovoid- to rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated MA1-10T, was isolated from a sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi) collected from the South Sea, Korea. Strain MA1-10T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 30 °C and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. In the neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain MA1-10T clustered with Roseovarius crassostreae CV919-312T, with which it exhibited 97.1 % sequence similarity, at a bootstrap resampling value of 96.2 %. It exhibited 93.3–95.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of other recognized Roseovarius species. Strain MA1-10T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid, which is consistent with data for the genus Roseovarius . The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content of strain MA1-10T was 55.4 mol%. Mean DNA–DNA relatedness between strain MA1-10T and R. crassostreae DSM 16950T was 13 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain MA1-10T could be distinguished from all recognized Roseovarius species. On the basis of the data presented, strain MA1-10T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Roseovarius , for which the name Roseovarius Halocynthiae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is MA1-10T ( = KCTC 23462T = CCUG 60745T).
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Roseovarius Halocynthiae sp. nov., isolated from the sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Young-ok Kim, Sooyeon Park, Sojung Kang, Hee Jeong Kong, Woo-jin Kim, Kyung-kil Kim, Junghoon YoonAbstract:A Gram-negative, motile, ovoid- to rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated MA1-10T, was isolated from a sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi) collected from the South Sea, Korea. Strain MA1-10T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 30 °C and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. In the neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain MA1-10T clustered with Roseovarius crassostreae CV919-312T, with which it exhibited 97.1 % sequence similarity, at a bootstrap resampling value of 96.2 %. It exhibited 93.3–95.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of other recognized Roseovarius species. Strain MA1-10T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid, which is consistent with data for the genus Roseovarius . The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content of strain MA1-10T was 55.4 mol%. Mean DNA–DNA relatedness between strain MA1-10T and R. crassostreae DSM 16950T was 13 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain MA1-10T could be distinguished from all recognized Roseovarius species. On the basis of the data presented, strain MA1-10T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Roseovarius , for which the name Roseovarius Halocynthiae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is MA1-10T ( = KCTC 23462T = CCUG 60745T).
Yasunori Sasakura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maternal Genetic Information Stored in Fertilized Eggs of the Ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi
The Biology of Ascidians, 2001Co-Authors: Kazuhiro W. Makabe, Takahito Nishikata, Yasunori Sasakura, Takeshi Kawashima, Shuichi Kawashima, Hisayoshi Ishikawa, Hiroshi Kawamura, Minoru Kanehisa, Hiroki NishidaAbstract:We are interested in maternal mRNA as a candidate for cytoplasmic factors that provide information for cell-type diversification and morphogenesis during embryogenesis. We initiated an EST project on fertilized eggs of the ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi, which collects tag-sequences of maternal mRNA and their expression data obtained from whole-mount in situ hybridization, and constructed a relational database named MAGEST. Here we report on three groups of genes detected by cluster analysis. First, it was found that at least 1% of the mRNA in the egg encode zinc-finger motifs. Second, approximately 6% of the mRNA are localized in the 8-cell embryo, most of which are found at the posterior pole. They are divided into two categories by the difference in translocation pathway; type I and type II. Third, a significant number of genes begin zygotic expression in the B7.6 pair in the endodermal strand of the tailbud embryo. These findings will serve as a resource for understanding the molecular mechanisms of ascidian development.
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expression patterns of musashi homologs of the ascidians Halocynthia roretzi and ciona intestinalis
Development Genes and Evolution, 2000Co-Authors: Takeshi Kawashima, Michio Ogasawara, Akikazu R Murakami, Kimio J Tanaka, Ryuji Isoda, Takahito Nishikata, Yasunori Sasakura, Hideyuki Okano, Kazuhiro W. MakabeAbstract:The gene family encoding RNA-binding proteins includes important regulators involved in the neurogenesis in both protostomes and deuterostomes. We isolated cDNAs of the ascidian homolog of one of the RNA-binding proteins, MUSASHI, from Halocynthia roretzi and Ciona intestinalis. The predicted amino acid sequences contained two RNA-recognition and RNA-binding motifs in the N-terminus and an ascidian-specific YG-rich domain in the C-terminus. Maternal transcripts of musashi were ubiquitous in early cleavage-stage embryos. Ascidian musashi had three domains of zygotic expression: the brain, nerve cord, and mesenchyma. The temporal order of the onset in these domains was highly divergent between the two species of ascidian examined.
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maternally localized rna encoding a serine threonine protein kinase in the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi
Mechanisms of Development, 1998Co-Authors: Yasunori Sasakura, Michio Ogasawara, Kazuhiro W. MakabeAbstract:Abstract Maternally localized cytoplasmic determinants play important roles in the embryogenesis of many animals, including ascidians. Cytoplasmic determinants are particularly important in the determination of cell fates, and in the establishment of the embryonic axes. Ascidians, which show mosaic development, are good models for the study of maternal cytoplasmic determinants. Here we report the isolation and characterization of HrPOPK-1 ( Halocynthia roretzi posterior protein kinase-1), a putative protein serine/threonine kinase. HrPOPK-1 cDNA was obtained from a Halocynthia roretzi fertilized egg cDNA library by screening for localized RNAs using whole-mount in situ hybridization. HrPOPK-1 mRNA is strongly localized at the posterior pole of embryos. The pattern of HrPOPK-1 mRNA localization during early embryogenesis is identical to that of HrWnt-5 in Halocynthia roretzi , and to those of the posterior end mark ( pem ) transcripts of Ciona savignyi . In addition, HrPOPK-1 shows zygotic expression in neural tissues at the tailbud stage. These results show that the temporal regulation of HrPOPK-1 transcription is complex.
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Maternally localized RNA encoding a serine/threonine protein kinase in the ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi
Mechanisms of Development, 1998Co-Authors: Yasunori Sasakura, Michio Ogasawara, Kazuhiro W. MakabeAbstract:Abstract Maternally localized cytoplasmic determinants play important roles in the embryogenesis of many animals, including ascidians. Cytoplasmic determinants are particularly important in the determination of cell fates, and in the establishment of the embryonic axes. Ascidians, which show mosaic development, are good models for the study of maternal cytoplasmic determinants. Here we report the isolation and characterization of HrPOPK-1 ( Halocynthia roretzi posterior protein kinase-1), a putative protein serine/threonine kinase. HrPOPK-1 cDNA was obtained from a Halocynthia roretzi fertilized egg cDNA library by screening for localized RNAs using whole-mount in situ hybridization. HrPOPK-1 mRNA is strongly localized at the posterior pole of embryos. The pattern of HrPOPK-1 mRNA localization during early embryogenesis is identical to that of HrWnt-5 in Halocynthia roretzi , and to those of the posterior end mark ( pem ) transcripts of Ciona savignyi . In addition, HrPOPK-1 shows zygotic expression in neural tissues at the tailbud stage. These results show that the temporal regulation of HrPOPK-1 transcription is complex.
Hee Jeong Kong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Roseovarius Halocynthiae sp. nov., isolated from the sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Young-ok Kim, Sooyeon Park, Sojung Kang, Hee Jeong Kong, Woo-jin Kim, Kyung-kil Kim, Junghoon YoonAbstract:A Gram-negative, motile, ovoid- to rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated MA1-10T, was isolated from a sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi) collected from the South Sea, Korea. Strain MA1-10T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 30 °C and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. In the neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain MA1-10T clustered with Roseovarius crassostreae CV919-312T, with which it exhibited 97.1 % sequence similarity, at a bootstrap resampling value of 96.2 %. It exhibited 93.3–95.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of other recognized Roseovarius species. Strain MA1-10T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid, which is consistent with data for the genus Roseovarius . The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content of strain MA1-10T was 55.4 mol%. Mean DNA–DNA relatedness between strain MA1-10T and R. crassostreae DSM 16950T was 13 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain MA1-10T could be distinguished from all recognized Roseovarius species. On the basis of the data presented, strain MA1-10T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Roseovarius , for which the name Roseovarius Halocynthiae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is MA1-10T ( = KCTC 23462T = CCUG 60745T).
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Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in the sea squirt, Halocynthia roretzi
2010Co-Authors: Woo-jin Kim, Hee Jeong Kong, Young-ok Kim, S. K. Kim, Bo-hye Nam, Hyungtaek Jung, Young-ju Jee, Kyung-kil KimAbstract:We characterized nine new microsatellite markers isolated from (GT) n and (CT) n microsatellite- enriched genomic libraries of the sea squirt ( Halocynthia roretzi ). All markers were polymorphic in 92 individuals from a single natural population with 2–21 (mean 9.22) alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozy-gosity of these markers were 0.086–0.886 and 0.102–0.870, respectively.One marker (Hr2004) significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. These new microsat-ellite markers should be useful for assessing the genetic diversity and population structure in H. roretzi.
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identification of softness syndrome associated candidate genes and dna sequence variation in the sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi
Marine Biotechnology, 2008Co-Authors: Hee Jeong Kong, Taejin Choi, Yung Hyun Choi, Jaehun CheongAbstract:The mortality of sea squirts, Halocynthia roretzi, with softness syndrome threatens the sea squirt aquaculture industry in Asian countries. The molecular approach to understanding the pathogenesis of softness syndrome began with differential gene expression analysis of tissues from normal and dying organisms. In the present study, we show that the expression of Halocynthia roretzi metalloproteinase (HrMMP) was significantly upregulated in the tissues of dying organisms through screening of differentially expressed genes, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and real-time PCR. HrMMP is composed of 482 amino acids, contains a conserved domain found in the astacin family, and has typical metalloproteinase activity. To discriminate between the differential expression of the HrMMP gene in normal and dying organisms, we cloned the HrMMP gene promoter and identified a polymorphism in the HrMMP promoter region that resulted in distinct polymorphisms (G/T) at position - 308 bp. These results suggest that organisms with the GT genotype may have more resistance to softness syndrome than those with the TT genotype. These findings suggest that the HrMMP promoter polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of softness syndrome in cultivated sea squirts and should be evaluated as a candidate molecular marker for the selective breeding of softness syndrome-resistant sea squirts.
