The Experts below are selected from a list of 222 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alan E. Stark - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2020Co-Authors: Alan E. StarkAbstract:Hardy-Weinberg genotypic proportions can be maintained in a penisme/topic-population/">population under non-random mating. A compact formula gives the proportions of mating pair types. These are illustrated by some simple examples.
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Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium as Foundational
International journal of statistics in medical research, 2014Co-Authors: Alan E. Stark, Eugene SenetaAbstract:The Hardy-Weinberg Principle explains how random mating can produce and maintain a penisme/topic-population/">population in equilibrium, that is: with constant genotypic proportions. The Hardy-Weinberg formula is in constant use as a basis for developing penisme/topic-population/">population genetics theory. Here we give a complete description of a model which can sustain equilibrium but with a general mating system, thereby giving a much broader basis on which to develop penisme/topic-population/">population genetics. It was S. N. Bernstein who first showed how Mendel’s first law could be justified simply on the basis of observations of penisme/topic-population/">populations in equilibrium. We show how the model can be applied to exploring the change in incidence of a genetic disorder.
Mohd Herwan Sulaiman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Barnacles Mating Optimizer Algorithm for Optimization
Proceedings of the 10th National Technical Seminar on Underwater System Technology 2018, 2019Co-Authors: Mohd Herwan Sulaiman, Zuriani Mustaffa, Mohd Mawardi Saari, Hamdan Daniyal, Ahmad Johari Mohamad, Mohd Rizal Othman, Mohd Rusllim MohamedAbstract:This article proposes a new technique to solve optimization problems based on barnacles’ mating behavior namely Barnacles Mating Optimizer (BMO). Barnacles are micro-organisms existed since Jurassic times and they attach themselves to objects in the water and grow shell. They are also known as hermaphroditic micro-organisms and one of the special characters of barnacles is they have long penises which is the longest in animal kingdom relative to their body size. The Hardy-Weinberg Principle is adopted in BMO to generate new off-springs and the mating process is performed randomly based on the length of the barnacle’s penis. The effectiveness of BMO is tested through a set of 23 benchmark functions in finding the optimal solutions. Some impactful and reliable results are presented compared with other techniques in this paper.
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Barnacles Mating Optimizer: A Bio-Inspired Algorithm for Solving Optimization Problems
2018 19th IEEE ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Artificial Intelligence Networking and Parallel Distributed Computing (SNPD), 2018Co-Authors: Mohd Herwan Sulaiman, Zuriani Mustaffa, Mohd Mawardi Saari, Hamdan Daniyal, Mohd Razali Daud, Saifudin Razali, Amir Izzani MohamedAbstract:A novel bio-inspired optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper namely barnacles mating optimizer (BMO) algorithm. The main inspiration of BMO is originated from the mating behavior of barnacles in nature. Barnacles are hermaphroditic micro-organisms which have both male and female sex reproductions. To create new off-springs, they must be fertilized by a neighbor. They are well-known for their long penises, about seven times the length of their bodies to cope with the changing tides and sedentary lifestyle. In BMO, the selection of barnacle's parents is decided randomly by the length of barnacle's penis to create new off-springs. The exploitation and exploration processes are the generation of new off-springs inspired by the Hardy-Weinberg Principle and sperm cast situation, respectively. The effectiveness of proposed BMO is tested through a set of benchmark multi-dimensional functions which the global and local minimum are known. Comparisons with other recent algorithms also will be presented in this paper.
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SNPD - Barnacles Mating Optimizer: A Bio-Inspired Algorithm for Solving Optimization Problems
2018 19th IEEE ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Artificial Intelligence Networking and Parallel Distributed Computing (SNPD), 2018Co-Authors: Mohd Herwan Sulaiman, Zuriani Mustaffa, Mohd Mawardi Saari, Hamdan Daniyal, Mohd Razali Daud, Saifudin Razali, Amir Izzani MohamedAbstract:A novel bio-inspired optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper namely barnacles mating optimizer (BMO) algorithm. The main inspiration of BMO is originated from the mating behavior of barnacles in nature. Barnacles are hermaphroditic micro-organisms which have both male and female sex reproductions. To create new off-springs, they must be fertilized by a neighbor. They are well-known for their long penises, about seven times the length of their bodies to cope with the changing tides and sedentary lifestyle. In BMO, the selection of barnacle's parents is decided randomly by the length of barnacle's penis to create new off-springs. The exploitation and exploration processes are the generation of new off-springs inspired by the Hardy-Weinberg Principle and sperm cast situation, respectively. The effectiveness of proposed BMO is tested through a set of benchmark multi-dimensional functions which the global and local minimum are known. Comparisons with other recent algorithms also will be presented in this paper.
Joanna Masel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Rethinking Hardy-Weinberg and Genetic Drift in Undergraduate Biology
BioEssays, 2012Co-Authors: Joanna MaselAbstract:penisme/topic-population/">Population genetics is often taught in introductory biology classes, starting with the Hardy–Weinberg Principle (HWP) and genetic drift. Here I argue that teaching these two topics first aligns neither with current expert knowledge, nor with good pedagogy. Student difficulties with mathematics in general, and probability in particular, make penisme/topic-population/">population genetics difficult to teach and learn. I recommend an alternative, historically inspired ordering of penisme/topic-population/">population genetics topics, based on progressively increasing mathematical difficulty. This progression can facilitate just-in-time math instruction. This alternative ordering includes, but does not privilege, the HWP and genetic drift. Stochastic events whose consequences are felt within a single generation, and the deterministic accumulation of the effects of selection across multiple generations, are both taught before tackling the stochastic accumulation of the effects of accidents of sampling.
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Rethinking Hardy–Weinberg and genetic drift in undergraduate biology
BioEssays, 2012Co-Authors: Joanna MaselAbstract:: penisme/topic-population/">Population genetics is often taught in introductory biology classes, starting with the Hardy-Weinberg Principle (HWP) and genetic drift. Here I argue that teaching these two topics first aligns neither with current expert knowledge, nor with good pedagogy. Student difficulties with mathematics in general, and probability in particular, make penisme/topic-population/">population genetics difficult to teach and learn. I recommend an alternative, historically inspired ordering of penisme/topic-population/">population genetics topics, based on progressively increasing mathematical difficulty. This progression can facilitate just-in-time math instruction. This alternative ordering includes, but does not privilege, the HWP and genetic drift. Stochastic events whose consequences are felt within a single generation, and the deterministic accumulation of the effects of selection across multiple generations, are both taught before tackling the stochastic accumulation of the effects of accidents of sampling.
Sanjay Shete - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Testing Departure from Hardy-Weinberg Proportions.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton N.J.), 2017Co-Authors: Jian Wang, Sanjay SheteAbstract:The Hardy-Weinberg Principle, one of the most important Principles in penisme/topic-population/">population genetics, was originally developed for the study of allele frequency changes in a penisme/topic-population/">population over generations. It is now, however, widely used in studies of human diseases to detect inbreeding, penisme/topic-population/">population stratification, and genotyping errors. For assessment of deviation from Hardy-Weinberg proportions in data, the most popular approaches include the asymptotic Pearson's chi-squared goodness-of-fit test and the exact test. Pearson's chi-squared goodness-of-fit test is simple and straightforward, but is very sensitive to a small sample size or rare allele frequency. The exact test of Hardy-Weinberg proportions is preferable in these situations. The exact test can be performed through complete enumeration of heterozygote genotypes or on the basis of the Markov chain Monte Carlo procedure. In this chapter, we describe the Hardy-Weinberg Principle and the commonly used Hardy-Weinberg proportion tests and their applications, and we demonstrate how the chi-squared test and exact test of Hardy-Weinberg proportions can be performed step-by-step using the popular software programs SAS, R, and PLINK, which have been widely used in genetic association studies, along with numerical examples. We also discuss approaches for testing Hardy-Weinberg proportions in case-control study designs that are better than traditional approaches for testing Hardy-Weinberg proportions in controls only. Finally, we note that deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg proportions in affected individuals can provide evidence for an association between genetic variants and diseases.
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Testing Departure from Hardy–Weinberg Proportions
Methods of Molecular Biology, 2011Co-Authors: Jian Wang, Sanjay SheteAbstract:: The Hardy-Weinberg Principle, one of the most important Principles in penisme/topic-population/">population genetics, was originally developed for the study of allele frequency changes in a penisme/topic-population/">population over generations. It is now, however, widely used in studies of human diseases to detect inbreeding, penisme/topic-population/">populations stratification, and genotyping errors. For assessment of deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg proportions in data, the most popular approaches include the asymptotic Pearson's chi-square goodness-of-fit test and the exact test. The Pearson's chi-square goodness-of-fit test is simple and straightforward, but it is very sensitive to small sample size or rare allele frequency. The exact test of Hardy-Weinberg proportions is preferable in these situations. The exact test can be performed through complete enumeration of heterozygote genotypes or on the basis of the Markov chain Monte Carlo procedure. In this chapter, we describe the Hardy-Weinberg Principle and the commonly used Hardy-Weinberg proportions tests and their applications, and we demonstrate how the chi-square test and exact test of Hardy-Weinberg proportions can be performed step-by-step using the popular software programs SAS, R, and PLINK, which have been widely used in genetic association studies, along with numerical examples. We also discuss recent approaches for testing Hardy-Weinberg proportions in case-control study designs that are better than traditional approaches for testing Hardy-Weinberg proportions in controls only. Finally, we note that deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg proportions in affected individuals can provide evidence for an association between genetic variants and diseases.
Amir Izzani Mohamed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Barnacles Mating Optimizer: A Bio-Inspired Algorithm for Solving Optimization Problems
2018 19th IEEE ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Artificial Intelligence Networking and Parallel Distributed Computing (SNPD), 2018Co-Authors: Mohd Herwan Sulaiman, Zuriani Mustaffa, Mohd Mawardi Saari, Hamdan Daniyal, Mohd Razali Daud, Saifudin Razali, Amir Izzani MohamedAbstract:A novel bio-inspired optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper namely barnacles mating optimizer (BMO) algorithm. The main inspiration of BMO is originated from the mating behavior of barnacles in nature. Barnacles are hermaphroditic micro-organisms which have both male and female sex reproductions. To create new off-springs, they must be fertilized by a neighbor. They are well-known for their long penises, about seven times the length of their bodies to cope with the changing tides and sedentary lifestyle. In BMO, the selection of barnacle's parents is decided randomly by the length of barnacle's penis to create new off-springs. The exploitation and exploration processes are the generation of new off-springs inspired by the Hardy-Weinberg Principle and sperm cast situation, respectively. The effectiveness of proposed BMO is tested through a set of benchmark multi-dimensional functions which the global and local minimum are known. Comparisons with other recent algorithms also will be presented in this paper.
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SNPD - Barnacles Mating Optimizer: A Bio-Inspired Algorithm for Solving Optimization Problems
2018 19th IEEE ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Artificial Intelligence Networking and Parallel Distributed Computing (SNPD), 2018Co-Authors: Mohd Herwan Sulaiman, Zuriani Mustaffa, Mohd Mawardi Saari, Hamdan Daniyal, Mohd Razali Daud, Saifudin Razali, Amir Izzani MohamedAbstract:A novel bio-inspired optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper namely barnacles mating optimizer (BMO) algorithm. The main inspiration of BMO is originated from the mating behavior of barnacles in nature. Barnacles are hermaphroditic micro-organisms which have both male and female sex reproductions. To create new off-springs, they must be fertilized by a neighbor. They are well-known for their long penises, about seven times the length of their bodies to cope with the changing tides and sedentary lifestyle. In BMO, the selection of barnacle's parents is decided randomly by the length of barnacle's penis to create new off-springs. The exploitation and exploration processes are the generation of new off-springs inspired by the Hardy-Weinberg Principle and sperm cast situation, respectively. The effectiveness of proposed BMO is tested through a set of benchmark multi-dimensional functions which the global and local minimum are known. Comparisons with other recent algorithms also will be presented in this paper.
