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Peggy S. Mckinnon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characteristics of patients with Healthcare Associated Infection due to sccmec type iv methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 2006Co-Authors: Susan L. Davis, Michael J. Rybak, Muhammad Amjad, Glenn W. Kaatz, Peggy S. MckinnonAbstract:Objective. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV allele is most commonly Associated with community‐acquired MRSA (CA‐MRSA) Infection; however, such organisms have also been identified in the Healthcare setting. The objective of the present study was to characterize the epidemiology of and clinical outcomes Associated with SCCmec‐IV MRSA Infection acquired in the Healthcare setting, compared with Infection caused by MRSA of other SCCmec types. Design. We evaluated a cohort of 100 inpatients with MRSA Infection that met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition for Healthcare‐Associated Infection and compared the patients' demographic characteristics, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the MRSA isolates, the Infection types, and the Associated clinical and microbiological outcomes. For each MRSA isolate, the SCCmec type and the presence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were determined by polymerase chain rea...
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Characteristics of Patients With Healthcare‐Associated Infection Due to SCCmec Type IV Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 2006Co-Authors: Susan L. Davis, Michael J. Rybak, Muhammad Amjad, Glenn W. Kaatz, Peggy S. MckinnonAbstract:Objective. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV allele is most commonly Associated with community‐acquired MRSA (CA‐MRSA) Infection; however, such organisms have also been identified in the Healthcare setting. The objective of the present study was to characterize the epidemiology of and clinical outcomes Associated with SCCmec‐IV MRSA Infection acquired in the Healthcare setting, compared with Infection caused by MRSA of other SCCmec types. Design. We evaluated a cohort of 100 inpatients with MRSA Infection that met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition for Healthcare‐Associated Infection and compared the patients' demographic characteristics, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the MRSA isolates, the Infection types, and the Associated clinical and microbiological outcomes. For each MRSA isolate, the SCCmec type and the presence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were determined by polymerase chain rea...
H Humphreys - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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self disinfecting and microbiocide impregnated surfaces and fabrics what potential in interrupting the spread of Healthcare Associated Infection
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2014Co-Authors: H HumphreysAbstract:Innovative technologies have identified approaches to developing self-disinfecting surfaces or fabrics to minimize Healthcare-Associated Infection (HCAI). These include altering the structure or surface to minimize the attachment of microbes or to delay the development of biofilm, using compounds that are activated in the presence of light to reduce the microbial burden, and incorporating a heavy metal such as silver or copper with intrinsic antimicrobial activity. Most technologies for surfaces and fabrics have been assessed in vitro and have been shown to reduce bacterial numbers by ≥2 logs. However, apart from copper -impregnated surfaces, there have been few trials in a clinical setting. Copper-impregnated surfaces result in reduced microbial surface counts on surfaces commonly found in clinical areas compared with controls, and 1 study has assessed HCAI and colonization rates. However, larger and better-designed studies are required to determine if these approaches augment current hygiene regimens, especially when these are optimally implemented.
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four country Healthcare Associated Infection prevalence survey 2006 risk factor analysis
Journal of Hospital Infection, 2008Co-Authors: H Humphreys, R G Newcombe, J Enstone, E T M Smyth, G Mcilvenny, F Fitzpatrick, C Fry, R C SpencerAbstract:Point prevalence surveys are useful in detecting changes in the pattern of Healthcare-Associated Infection (HCAI). In 2004 the Hospital Infection Society was asked to conduct a third national prevalence survey, which included England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. A similar but not identical survey was carried out in Scotland. Data were collected on standardised forms using Centres for Disease Control and Prevention definitions. This report considers associations with a wide range of risk factors for all HCAI and for four main categories. The overall prevalence rate of HCAI was 7.6% and increased significantly with age. All risk factors considered were Associated with highly significantly increased risk of HCAI, except recent peripheral IV catheter and other bladder instrumentation use. Primary bloodstream Infection (PBSI) was Associated with antibiotic, central intravenous catheter and parenteral nutrition use. Pneumonia was Associated with antibiotic, central catheter, parenteral nutrition use, mechanical ventilation and current peripheral catheter use. Surgical site Infection was Associated with recent surgery, antibiotic and central catheter use, mechanical ventilation and parenteral nutrition. Urinary instrumentation and antibiotic use were Associated with urinary tract Infection. Patients under a critical care medicine consultant had the highest prevalence of HCAI (23.2%). This report highlights those areas requiring attention to prevent HCAI, i.e. device-related Infections such as PBSI (e.g. central catheters) and pneumonia (e.g. mechanical ventilation) and should influence protocols for future prevalence surveys of HCAI, e.g. the recording of risk factors at the time of assessment only is sufficient.
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hospital Infection society prevalence survey of Healthcare Associated Infection 2006 comparison of results between northern ireland and the republic of ireland
Journal of Hospital Infection, 2008Co-Authors: F Fitzpatrick, H Humphreys, R G Newcombe, G Mcilvenny, A Oza, Robert Cunney, Niamh Murphy, R Ruddy, G ReidAbstract:As part of the Third Healthcare Associated Infection (HCAI) Prevalence Survey of the United Kingdom and Ireland, HCAI point prevalence surveys were carried out in Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (RoI). Here we explore the potential benefits of comparing results from two countries with different Healthcare systems, which employed similar methodologies and identical HCAI definitions. Forty-four acute adult hospitals in the RoI and 15 in NI participated with a total of 11 185 patients surveyed (NI 3644 patients and RoI 7541). The overall HCAI prevalence was 5.4 and 4.9 in NI and the RoI, respectively. There was no significant difference in prevalence rates of HCAI, device-related HCAI or HCAI Associated with bloodstream Infection but there was a difference in meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-related HCAI (P = 0.02) between the two countries. There were significantly more urinary tract Infections and Clostridium difficile Infections recorded in NI (P = 0.002 and P 65 years and in the intensive care unit in both countries. HCAIs were also more prevalent if patients were mechanically ventilated, had had recent non-implant surgery (RoI) or had more recorded HCAI risk factors. This is the first time that HCAI prevalence rates have been directly compared between NI and the RoI. By closely examining similarities and differences between HCAI prevalence rates in both countries it is hoped that this will influence Healthcare planning and at the same time reassure the public that HCAI is important and that measures are being taken to combat it.
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four country Healthcare Associated Infection prevalence survey 2006 overview of the results
Journal of Hospital Infection, 2008Co-Authors: E T M Smyth, H Humphreys, R G Newcombe, J Enstone, G Mcilvenny, F Fitzpatrick, A M Emmerson, Elerilloyd Davies, R C SpencerAbstract:Summary A survey of adult patients was conducted in February 2006 to May 2006 in acute hospitals across England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland to estimate the prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HCAIs). A total of 75 694 patients were surveyed; 5743 of these had HCAIs, giving a prevalence of 7.59% (95% confidence interval: 7.40–7.78). HCAI prevalence in England was 8.19%, in Wales 6.35%, in Northern Ireland 5.43% and in the Republic of Ireland 4.89%. The most common HCAI system Infections were gastrointestinal (20.6% of all HCAI), urinary tract (19.9%), surgical site (14.5%), pneumonia (14.1%), skin and soft tissue (10.4%) and primary bloodstream (7.0%). Prevalence of MRSA was 1.15% with MRSA being the causative organism in 15.8% of all system Infections. Prevalence of Clostridium difficile was 1.21%. This was the largest HCAI prevalence survey ever performed in the four countries. The methodology and organisation used is a template for future HCAI surveillance initiatives, nationally, locally or at unit level. Information obtained from this survey will contribute to the prioritisation of resources and help to inform Departments of Health, hospitals and other relevant bodies in the continuing effort to reduce HCAI.
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the contribution of beds to Healthcare Associated Infection the importance of adequate decontamination
Journal of Hospital Infection, 2008Co-Authors: E Creamer, H HumphreysAbstract:The hospital bed is comprised of different components, which pose a potential risk of Infection for the patient if not adequately decontaminated. In the literature there are a number of descriptions of outbreaks or experimental investigations involving meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, Acinetobacter spp., and other pathogens. Often only the bedrail has been sampled during investigation of outbreaks, rather than more important potential reservoirs of Infection, such as mattresses and pillows, which are in direct contact with patients. It is essential that these items and other bed components are adequately decontaminated to minimise the risk of cross-Infection, but detailed advice on this aspect is often lacking in reports and official documents. Clear guidelines should be formulated, specifying the decontamination procedure for each component of the bed. In outbreaks, investigation should include an assessment of mattresses and pillow contamination as a critical aspect in outbreak management.
Susan L. Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characteristics of patients with Healthcare Associated Infection due to sccmec type iv methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 2006Co-Authors: Susan L. Davis, Michael J. Rybak, Muhammad Amjad, Glenn W. Kaatz, Peggy S. MckinnonAbstract:Objective. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV allele is most commonly Associated with community‐acquired MRSA (CA‐MRSA) Infection; however, such organisms have also been identified in the Healthcare setting. The objective of the present study was to characterize the epidemiology of and clinical outcomes Associated with SCCmec‐IV MRSA Infection acquired in the Healthcare setting, compared with Infection caused by MRSA of other SCCmec types. Design. We evaluated a cohort of 100 inpatients with MRSA Infection that met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition for Healthcare‐Associated Infection and compared the patients' demographic characteristics, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the MRSA isolates, the Infection types, and the Associated clinical and microbiological outcomes. For each MRSA isolate, the SCCmec type and the presence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were determined by polymerase chain rea...
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Characteristics of Patients With Healthcare‐Associated Infection Due to SCCmec Type IV Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 2006Co-Authors: Susan L. Davis, Michael J. Rybak, Muhammad Amjad, Glenn W. Kaatz, Peggy S. MckinnonAbstract:Objective. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV allele is most commonly Associated with community‐acquired MRSA (CA‐MRSA) Infection; however, such organisms have also been identified in the Healthcare setting. The objective of the present study was to characterize the epidemiology of and clinical outcomes Associated with SCCmec‐IV MRSA Infection acquired in the Healthcare setting, compared with Infection caused by MRSA of other SCCmec types. Design. We evaluated a cohort of 100 inpatients with MRSA Infection that met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition for Healthcare‐Associated Infection and compared the patients' demographic characteristics, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the MRSA isolates, the Infection types, and the Associated clinical and microbiological outcomes. For each MRSA isolate, the SCCmec type and the presence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were determined by polymerase chain rea...
Muhammad Amjad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characteristics of patients with Healthcare Associated Infection due to sccmec type iv methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 2006Co-Authors: Susan L. Davis, Michael J. Rybak, Muhammad Amjad, Glenn W. Kaatz, Peggy S. MckinnonAbstract:Objective. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV allele is most commonly Associated with community‐acquired MRSA (CA‐MRSA) Infection; however, such organisms have also been identified in the Healthcare setting. The objective of the present study was to characterize the epidemiology of and clinical outcomes Associated with SCCmec‐IV MRSA Infection acquired in the Healthcare setting, compared with Infection caused by MRSA of other SCCmec types. Design. We evaluated a cohort of 100 inpatients with MRSA Infection that met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition for Healthcare‐Associated Infection and compared the patients' demographic characteristics, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the MRSA isolates, the Infection types, and the Associated clinical and microbiological outcomes. For each MRSA isolate, the SCCmec type and the presence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were determined by polymerase chain rea...
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Characteristics of Patients With Healthcare‐Associated Infection Due to SCCmec Type IV Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 2006Co-Authors: Susan L. Davis, Michael J. Rybak, Muhammad Amjad, Glenn W. Kaatz, Peggy S. MckinnonAbstract:Objective. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV allele is most commonly Associated with community‐acquired MRSA (CA‐MRSA) Infection; however, such organisms have also been identified in the Healthcare setting. The objective of the present study was to characterize the epidemiology of and clinical outcomes Associated with SCCmec‐IV MRSA Infection acquired in the Healthcare setting, compared with Infection caused by MRSA of other SCCmec types. Design. We evaluated a cohort of 100 inpatients with MRSA Infection that met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition for Healthcare‐Associated Infection and compared the patients' demographic characteristics, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the MRSA isolates, the Infection types, and the Associated clinical and microbiological outcomes. For each MRSA isolate, the SCCmec type and the presence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were determined by polymerase chain rea...
Glenn W. Kaatz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characteristics of patients with Healthcare Associated Infection due to sccmec type iv methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 2006Co-Authors: Susan L. Davis, Michael J. Rybak, Muhammad Amjad, Glenn W. Kaatz, Peggy S. MckinnonAbstract:Objective. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV allele is most commonly Associated with community‐acquired MRSA (CA‐MRSA) Infection; however, such organisms have also been identified in the Healthcare setting. The objective of the present study was to characterize the epidemiology of and clinical outcomes Associated with SCCmec‐IV MRSA Infection acquired in the Healthcare setting, compared with Infection caused by MRSA of other SCCmec types. Design. We evaluated a cohort of 100 inpatients with MRSA Infection that met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition for Healthcare‐Associated Infection and compared the patients' demographic characteristics, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the MRSA isolates, the Infection types, and the Associated clinical and microbiological outcomes. For each MRSA isolate, the SCCmec type and the presence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were determined by polymerase chain rea...
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Characteristics of Patients With Healthcare‐Associated Infection Due to SCCmec Type IV Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 2006Co-Authors: Susan L. Davis, Michael J. Rybak, Muhammad Amjad, Glenn W. Kaatz, Peggy S. MckinnonAbstract:Objective. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV allele is most commonly Associated with community‐acquired MRSA (CA‐MRSA) Infection; however, such organisms have also been identified in the Healthcare setting. The objective of the present study was to characterize the epidemiology of and clinical outcomes Associated with SCCmec‐IV MRSA Infection acquired in the Healthcare setting, compared with Infection caused by MRSA of other SCCmec types. Design. We evaluated a cohort of 100 inpatients with MRSA Infection that met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition for Healthcare‐Associated Infection and compared the patients' demographic characteristics, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the MRSA isolates, the Infection types, and the Associated clinical and microbiological outcomes. For each MRSA isolate, the SCCmec type and the presence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were determined by polymerase chain rea...
