The Experts below are selected from a list of 234 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Peter D. Constable - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Acid-base assessment: when and how to apply the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation and strong ion difference theory.
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 2014Co-Authors: Peter D. ConstableAbstract:The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation is probably the most famous Equation in biology but is more descriptive than mechanistic. The traditional approach to acid-base assessment using the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation provides a clinically useful and accurate method when plasma protein concentrations are within the reference range. The simplified strong ion approach is a mechanistic acid-base model that can provide new insight into complicated acid-base disturbances. The simplified strong ion approach should be used to evaluate acid-base balance whenever plasma protein concentrations are abnormal.
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Clinical assessment of acid-base status: comparison of the Henderson-Hasselbalch and strong ion approaches.
Veterinary clinical pathology, 2000Co-Authors: Peter D. ConstableAbstract:The traditional approach for clinically assessing acid-base status uses the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation to categorize 4 primary acid-base disturbances: respiratory acidosis (increased PCO2), respiratory alkalosis (decreased PCO2), metabolic acidosis (decreased extracellular base excess or actual HCO3- concentration), and metabolic alkalosis (increased extracellular base excess or actual HCO3- concentration). The anion gap is calculated to detect unidentified anions in plasma. This approach works well clinically and is recommended for use whenever serum total protein, albumin, and phosphate concentrations are approximately normal. However, because the Henderson-Hasselbalch approach is more descriptive than mechanistic, when these concentrations are markedly abnormal the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation frequently provides erroneous information as to the cause of an acid-base disturbance. The new quantitive physicochemical approach to evaluating acid-base balance uses the simplified strong ion model to categorize 6 primary acid-base disturbances: respiratory acidosis (increased PCO2), respiratory alkalosis (decreased PCO2), strong ion acidosis (decreased strong ion difference), strong ion alkalosis (increased strong ion difference), nonvolatile buffer ion acidosis (increased plasma concentrations of albumin, globulins, or phosphate), and nonvolatile buffer ion alkalosis (decreased plasma concentrations of albumin, globulins, or phosphate). The strong ion gap is calculated to detect unidentified anions in plasma. The simplified strong ion approach works well clinically and is recommended for use whenever serum total protein, albumin, or phosphate concentrations are markedly abnormal. The simplified strong ion approach is mechanistic and is therefore well suited for describing the cause of any acid-base disturbance.
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Clinical Assessment of Acid-Base Status: Strong Ion Difference Theory
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 1999Co-Authors: Peter D. ConstableAbstract:Acid-base abnormalities occur commonly in ruminants. Two methods that are currently used to assess acid-base status, the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation and the strong ion approach, are discussed in this article in detail. Guidelines are provided for applying the strong ion approach in the clinical treatment of acid-base disturbances. The anion gap and strong ion gap concepts are also discussed in this article. Cases are used to illustrate the advantages of the simplified strong ion model over the more traditional Henderson-Hasselbalch approach.
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A simplified strong ion model for acid-base equilibria: application to horse plasma
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1997Co-Authors: Peter D. ConstableAbstract:Constable, Peter D. A simplified strong ion model for acid-base equilibria: application to horse plasma. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(1): 297–311, 1997.—The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation and Stewart’s str...
G. Mioni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A mathematical model of pH, based on the total stoichiometric concentration of acids, bases and ampholytes dissolved in water
Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation, 2015Co-Authors: Roberto Mioni, G. MioniAbstract:In chemistry and in acid-base physiology, the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation plays a pivotal role in studying the behaviour of the buffer solutions. However, it seems that the general function to c...
Zoltan H. Endre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Accuracy of intramucosal pH calculated from arterial bicarbonate and the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation: assessment using simulated ischemia.
Critical care medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Thomas J. Morgan, Balasubramanian Venkatesh, Zoltan H. EndreAbstract:Objectives: To determine the accuracy of intramucosal pH (pHi) calculated using arterial bicarbonate instead of mucosal capillary bicarbonate in the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation. Design: Simulation of progressive ischemia in mucosal capillary blood, Setting: University research laboratory, Subjects: Normal human blood diluted with plasma, Interventions: Three venous blood specimens were heparinized and diluted to a mean hemoglobin concentration of 5.0 (+/-0.9) g/dL by addition of plasma (2:1, vol:vol), Mucosal capillary aerobic flow stagnation was simulated by multiple exposures of each cooled specimen to a gas mixture containing 90% nitrogen and 10% CO2, When PCO2 measured at 37 degrees C (98.6 degrees F) was approximately 120 torr (16 kPa), the assigned anaerobic threshold, subsequent anaerobic flow stagnation was simulated by mixing the hypercapnic specimens in sealed syringes with five to six successive small aliquots ( 0.1 pH unit at the simulated anaerobic threshold of 120 torr (16 kPa), As PCO2 rose further the values converged, becoming equivalent at PCO2 similar to 150 torr (20 kPa), From PCO2 greater than or equal to 200 torr (26.7 kPa), conventional pHi progressively overestimated simulated mucosal pH, The difference was >0.3 pH units at PCO2 = 250 torr (33.3 kPa), Conclusions: In the mucosal PCO2 range usually encountered clinically, the arterial bicarbonate substitution causes underestimation of mucosal capillary pH, With moderate mucosal capillary lactic acidosis the error becomes small, and in severe regional ischemia there is significant overestimation of mucosal capillary pH.
Andrea Salis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Specific buffer effects on the intermolecular interactions among protein molecules at physiological pH
The journal of physical chemistry letters, 2020Co-Authors: Andrea Salis, Drew F. Parsons, Luca Cappai, Cristina Carucci, Maura MonduzziAbstract:BSA and lysozyme molecular motion at pH 7.15 is buffer-specific. Adsorption of buffer ions on protein surfaces modulates the protein surface charge and thus protein-protein interactions. Interactions were estimated by means of the interaction parameter kD obtained from plots of diffusion coefficients at different protein concentrations (Dapp = D0[1 + kDCprotein]) via dynamic light scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance. The obtained results agree with recent findings confirming doubts regarding the validity of the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation, which has traditionally provided a basis for understanding pH buffers of primary importance in solution chemistry, electrochemistry, and biochemistry.
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Are specific buffer effects the new frontier of Hofmeister phenomena? Insights from lysozyme adsorption on ordered mesoporous silica
RSC Advances, 2016Co-Authors: Francesca Cugia, Silvia Sedda, Federica Pitzalis, Drew F. Parsons, Maura Monduzzi, Andrea SalisAbstract:Lysozyme adsorption on mesoporous silica at pH 7.15 is buffer specific. The synergistic action of buffers and salts induces relevant effects on the charged interfaces, and thus on lysozyme loading. These findings, rising doubts on the validity of the Henderson–Hasselbalch Equation, suggest the occurrence of Hofmeister phenomena also for buffers.
Maura Monduzzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Specific buffer effects on the intermolecular interactions among protein molecules at physiological pH
The journal of physical chemistry letters, 2020Co-Authors: Andrea Salis, Drew F. Parsons, Luca Cappai, Cristina Carucci, Maura MonduzziAbstract:BSA and lysozyme molecular motion at pH 7.15 is buffer-specific. Adsorption of buffer ions on protein surfaces modulates the protein surface charge and thus protein-protein interactions. Interactions were estimated by means of the interaction parameter kD obtained from plots of diffusion coefficients at different protein concentrations (Dapp = D0[1 + kDCprotein]) via dynamic light scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance. The obtained results agree with recent findings confirming doubts regarding the validity of the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation, which has traditionally provided a basis for understanding pH buffers of primary importance in solution chemistry, electrochemistry, and biochemistry.
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Are specific buffer effects the new frontier of Hofmeister phenomena? Insights from lysozyme adsorption on ordered mesoporous silica
RSC Advances, 2016Co-Authors: Francesca Cugia, Silvia Sedda, Federica Pitzalis, Drew F. Parsons, Maura Monduzzi, Andrea SalisAbstract:Lysozyme adsorption on mesoporous silica at pH 7.15 is buffer specific. The synergistic action of buffers and salts induces relevant effects on the charged interfaces, and thus on lysozyme loading. These findings, rising doubts on the validity of the Henderson–Hasselbalch Equation, suggest the occurrence of Hofmeister phenomena also for buffers.