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David W. Kimberlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus infections.
    Pediatric clinics of North America, 2013
    Co-Authors: Swetha G. Pinninti, David W. Kimberlin
    Abstract:

    Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus infections are uncommon, but because of the morbidity and mortality associated with the infection they are often considered in the differential diagnosis of ill neonates. The use of polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of central nervous system infections and the development of safe and effective antiviral therapy has revolutionized the diagnosis and management of these infants. Initiation of long-term antiviral suppressive therapy in these infants has led to significant improvement in morbidity. This article summarizes the epidemiology of neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus infections and discusses clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and follow up of infants with neonatal Herpes disease.

  • Herpes Simplex Virus
    Congenital and Perinatal Infections, 2006
    Co-Authors: David W. Kimberlin
    Abstract:

    Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) and Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2) are two of the eight known Viruses that make up the human HerpesVirus family. As with all HerpesViruses, they are large, enveloped virions with an icosahedral nucleocapsid consisting of 162 capsomeres arranged around a linear, double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) core. The DNAs of HSV-1 and HSV-2 are largely colinear, and considerable homology exists between the HSV-1 and HSV-2 genomes. These homologous sequences are distributed over the entire genomic map, and most of the polypeptides specified by one viral type are antigenically related to polypeptides of the other viral type. This results in considerable cross-reactivity between the HSV-1 and HSV-2 glycoproteins, although unique antigenic determinants exist for each Virus.

  • Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus infections of the CNS.
    Expert review of molecular diagnostics, 2005
    Co-Authors: David W. Kimberlin
    Abstract:

    Advances in the diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus infections of the CNS have occurred rapidly over the past 10 years. The development and application of PCR technology to the detection of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA from cerebrospinal fluid has resulted in tremendous improvements in the management of patients with suspected Herpes Simplex Virus CNS infections, not the least of which is decreasing the necessity for invasive brain biopsy to establish the diagnosis. The pace of discovery has continued in recent years with the development of more rapid DNA amplification techniques that do not require postamplification analysis using amplified products (real-time PCR). However, despite the power of these new diagnostic modalities, test results must always be considered in the context of the patient, and physician judgment should never be usurped by technological advances. This article will summarize the advances in the diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus CNS disease within the context of how these advances can enha...

C Kunz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Shigeaki Ohno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • high prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 in acute retinal necrosis syndrome associated with Herpes Simplex Virus in japan
    American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Norihiko Itoh, Nozomi Matsumura, Akiko Ogi, Tadayuki Nishide, Yumi Imai, Hikaru Kanai, Shigeaki Ohno
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE: To determine the type of Herpes Simplex Virus in acute retinal necrosis syndrome associated with Herpes Simplex Virus. METHODS: Herpes Simplex Virus type 1, Herpes Simplex Virus type 2, varicella-zoster Virus, Epstein-Barr Virus, and cytomegaloVirus were examined by polymerase chain reaction in intraocular specimens from 16 patients with acute retinal necrosis syndrome. Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 and anti-Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 type-specific antibodies in serum from the patients were detected by enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: Of 16 patients with acute retinal necrosis syndrome, seven were polymerase chain reaction positive for Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 and nine were positive for varicella-zoster Virus. Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 antibody was positive and anti-Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 antibody was negative in the sera of the seven patients with Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 DNA-positive acute retinal necrosis syndrome. In contrast, anti-Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 antibody was absent in all nine varicella-zoster Virus DNA-positive acute retinal necrosis syndrome patients. CONCLUSION: Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 has been demonstrated to be the major causative agent in acute retinal necrosis syndrome associated with Herpes Simplex Virus by molecular biological and serological methods. Negative preexisting anti-Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 antibody may play an important role in acute retinal necrosis syndrome associated with Herpes Simplex Virus type 2.

C. Stephen Foster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 induced retinal necrosis in BALB/c mice
    Acta Ophthalmologica, 2009
    Co-Authors: Manfred Zierhut, Ramzi K. Hemady, Tongzhen Zhao, Amyna Merchant, C. Stephen Foster
    Abstract:

    : We injected Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 of MS- or G-strain into the anterior chamber of BALB/c mice. In the contralateral eye inflammatory cell infiltration began in the ciliary body; focal retinitis, detected by day 8, led to total destruction of the retina by day 10. Contralateral disease was observed in 75% of mice inoculated with 8 x 10(3) pfu Herpes Simplex Virus type 2, but in only 20% of mice receiving 80 pfu Herpes Simplex Virus type 2. Still this low concentration, however, produced a suppressed delayed-type hypersensitivity response. Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 antibody, first detected on day 8, reached high titers on day 10; by then, most of the mice had died of encephalitis. The G-strain of Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 was more neurotoxic than the MS-strain, but produced the same incidence of contralateral retinitis. Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 products contralateral necrotizing retinitis comparable to that produced by Herpes Simplex Virus type 1. These findings, like those of other authors, suggest a role for Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 in some cases of acute retinal necrosis in humans.

Björn Herrmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.