The Experts below are selected from a list of 276 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jacob Amir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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two commentaries on acyclovir for treating primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
Evidence-based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Bernhard L Wiedermann, Jacob AmirAbstract:These are commentaries on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Nasser M, Fedorowicz Z, Khoshnevisan MH, Shahiri Tabarestani M. Acyclovir for treating primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. Art No.: CD006700. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD006700.pub2. Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
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Primary herpes simplex virus type 1 Gingivostomatitis during the second and third trimester of pregnancy: Foetal and pregnancy outcome
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009Co-Authors: Joseph Pardo, Yariv Yogev, A. Ben-haroush, Jacob AmirAbstract:Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis during pregnancy is a relatively rare phenomenon with no clear management guidelines. We describe 4 cases of primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis during pregnancy and review the literature. The diagnosis in all cases was based on clinical manifestations and serology and culture findings. Two of the women received intravenous rehydration. Acyclovir, offered in 2 cases, was refused. Delivery was normal in all 4 cases, with good neonatal outcome, similar to findings in the literature (6 cases). Herpetic Gingivostomatitis in the second and third trimester of pregnancy does not appear to be associated with adverse foetal effects. More data are needed to define the risk of this infection during pregnancy.
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Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia complicating herpes simplex virus type 1 stomatitis: case report and review of the literature.
Journal of Periodontology, 2008Co-Authors: Dror S. Shouval, Efraim Bilavsky, Yaron Avitzur, Rivka Shapiro, Jacob AmirAbstract:Background: Gingivostomatitis is a common clinical manifestation of primary herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in children. The most common complication of Herpetic Gingivostomatitis is dehydration; rarely, it may be complicated by secondary bacteremia, and Kingella kingae and group A Streptococcus infections have been reported to be responsible for such episodes.Methods: We describe the clinical course of a 4.5-year-old girl several years after a liver transplantation, who presented with high fever, vesicular lesions in the buccal region, and cervical lymphadenopathy.Results: Viral culture from the vesicles grew HSV-1, whereas blood culture and bacterial culture from the vesicles grew methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus with identical antibiogram. Serology against HSV-1 confirmed a recent infection. The child was treated with cephalexin and improved gradually.Conclusions: Herpetic lesions of the oral mucosa might serve as a port of entry for pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus. P...
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presence of viremia in patients with primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2004Co-Authors: Liora Harel, Z Smetana, Dario Prais, Mazal Book, Marina Alkin, E Supaev, Ella Mendelson, Jacob AmirAbstract:Background. Presence of viremia during primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections has been previously investigated, but the findings for immunocompetent individuals have only rarely been reported. Methods. With use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we evaluated blood samples obtained from children with primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) Gingivostomatitis for viremia. Results. There were 16 girls and 16 boys, aged 9-44 months (median age, 19 months). Serological test results for HSV type 1 were positive for 3 subjects (10.3%), borderline for 7 (24.1%), and negative for 19 (65.5%). Results of PCR of peripheral blood samples were positive for 11 subjects (34.4%). Time from disease onset to specimen collection was 24-216 h (median, 72 h) and was longer for subjects with positive results of serological tests (P = .014) and shorter for subjects with positive PCR results (P = .42). No cases with positive results of both PCR and serological tests were found. Conclusion. PCR detected viremia in 34% of patients with primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis. Presence of viremia may play a potential role in viral dissemination, providing a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HSV infections, especially of the central nervous system.
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primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis clinical aspects and anti viral treatment
Harefuah, 2002Co-Authors: Jacob AmirAbstract:UNLABELLED: Herpetic Gingivostomatitis is the most common specific, clinical manifestation of primary herpes simplex type I infection. It is prevalent in the 1-3-year age group. The disease involves the buccal and gingival mucosa, and tongue and lasts approximately 2 weeks. Two recent open studies reported a more rapid regression of symptoms after treatment with acyclovir suspension. Three randomized double-blind placebo-control trials have clearly demonstrated that early acyclovir treatment significantly shortens the duration of all clinical manifestations and infectivity of affected children compared to placebo. RECOMMENDATION: In conclusion, we recommend acyclovir for the treatment of Herpetic Gingivostomatitis. Treatment should begin within the first three days of disease onset. The proposed therapeutic dose is 15 mg/kg, 5 times daily for 5 days.
I. Varsano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Natural History of Primary Herpes Simplex Type 1 Gingivostomatitis in Children
Pediatric Dermatology, 1999Co-Authors: Jacob Amir, Liora Harel, Z Smetana, I. VarsanoAbstract:Abstract: Herpetic Gingivostomatitis is the most common specific clinical manifestation of primary herpes simplex infection in childhood. The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical signs, symptoms, viral shedding, serologic findings, and complications in communityacquired Gingivostomatitis. We prospectively followed children with herpes simplex type 1 Gingivostomatitis lasting less than 72 hours. Clinical examination and viral culture were repeated every 2 to 3 days as long as symptoms or signs persisted. Thirty-six children (ages 12–77 months) were included in the study. Mean duration of oral lesions was 12.0 ± 3.4 days; extraoral lesions (in 26 children), 12.0 ± 3.9 days; fever, 4.4 ± 2.4 days; and eating/drinking difficulties, 9.1 ± 3.0 and 7.1 ± 3.1 days, respectively. In all children, viral cultures of the oral lesions were positive for herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1; viral shedding persisted for a mean of 7.1 ± 2.5 days (range 2–12 days). The main complications were dehydration, with three children hospitalized for intravenous rehydration, and one case of secondary bacteremia. Herpetic Gingivostomatitis is a relatively severe manifestation of primary HSV type 1 infection in young children.
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Primary herpes simplex virus type 1 Gingivostomatitis in pediatric personnel
Infection, 1997Co-Authors: J. Amir, M. Nussinovitch, R. Kleper, H. A. Cohen, I. VarsanoAbstract:Herpetic Gingivostomatitis is common in young children, but primary oral infection has also been described in adults. Herpetic whitlow as an occupational hazard of medical personnel has been well documented. Four cases of primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis are reported in two pediatricians and two pediatric nurses who contracted the infection in their fourth decade of life. All suffered from sore throat and fever as presenting symptoms. Correct diagnosis was delayed for 4–5 days. In conclusion, pediatric personnel with pharyngitis and a negative history of Herpetic Gingivostomatitis or herpes labialis should bear the possibility of oral HSV infection in mind. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent the spread of the infection to their patients.
Stergios Doumas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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herpes simplex virus infection with particular reference to the progression and complications of primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2006Co-Authors: A Kolokotronis, Stergios DoumasAbstract:Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis (PHGS) represents the clinically apparent pattern of primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, since the vast majority of other primary infections are symptomless. PHGS is caused predominantly by HSV-1 and affects mainly children. Prodromal symptoms, such as fever, anorexia, irritability, malaise and headache, may occur in advance of disease. The disease presents as numerous pin-head vesicles, which rupture rapidly to form painful irregular ulcerations covered by yellow–grey membranes. Sub-mandibular lymphadenitis, halitosis and refusal to drink are usual concomitant findings. Following resolution of the lesions, the virus travels through the nerve endings to the nerve cells serving the affected area, whereupon it enters a latent state. When the host becomes stressed, the virus replicates and migrates in skin, mucosae and, in rare instances, the central nervous system. A range of morbidities, or even mortality, may then occur, i.e., recurrent HSV infections, which are directly or indirectly associated with PHGS. These pathological entities range from the innocuous herpes labialis to life-threatening meningoencephalitis.
Liora Harel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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presence of viremia in patients with primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2004Co-Authors: Liora Harel, Z Smetana, Dario Prais, Mazal Book, Marina Alkin, E Supaev, Ella Mendelson, Jacob AmirAbstract:Background. Presence of viremia during primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections has been previously investigated, but the findings for immunocompetent individuals have only rarely been reported. Methods. With use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we evaluated blood samples obtained from children with primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) Gingivostomatitis for viremia. Results. There were 16 girls and 16 boys, aged 9-44 months (median age, 19 months). Serological test results for HSV type 1 were positive for 3 subjects (10.3%), borderline for 7 (24.1%), and negative for 19 (65.5%). Results of PCR of peripheral blood samples were positive for 11 subjects (34.4%). Time from disease onset to specimen collection was 24-216 h (median, 72 h) and was longer for subjects with positive results of serological tests (P = .014) and shorter for subjects with positive PCR results (P = .42). No cases with positive results of both PCR and serological tests were found. Conclusion. PCR detected viremia in 34% of patients with primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis. Presence of viremia may play a potential role in viral dissemination, providing a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HSV infections, especially of the central nervous system.
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The Natural History of Primary Herpes Simplex Type 1 Gingivostomatitis in Children
Pediatric Dermatology, 1999Co-Authors: Jacob Amir, Liora Harel, Z Smetana, I. VarsanoAbstract:Abstract: Herpetic Gingivostomatitis is the most common specific clinical manifestation of primary herpes simplex infection in childhood. The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical signs, symptoms, viral shedding, serologic findings, and complications in communityacquired Gingivostomatitis. We prospectively followed children with herpes simplex type 1 Gingivostomatitis lasting less than 72 hours. Clinical examination and viral culture were repeated every 2 to 3 days as long as symptoms or signs persisted. Thirty-six children (ages 12–77 months) were included in the study. Mean duration of oral lesions was 12.0 ± 3.4 days; extraoral lesions (in 26 children), 12.0 ± 3.9 days; fever, 4.4 ± 2.4 days; and eating/drinking difficulties, 9.1 ± 3.0 and 7.1 ± 3.1 days, respectively. In all children, viral cultures of the oral lesions were positive for herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1; viral shedding persisted for a mean of 7.1 ± 2.5 days (range 2–12 days). The main complications were dehydration, with three children hospitalized for intravenous rehydration, and one case of secondary bacteremia. Herpetic Gingivostomatitis is a relatively severe manifestation of primary HSV type 1 infection in young children.
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Treatment of herpes simplex Gingivostomatitis with aciclovir in children: a randomised double blind placebo controlled study
BMJ, 1997Co-Authors: Jacob Amir, Liora Harel, Zehava Smetana, Itzhak VarsanoAbstract:OBJECTIVES: To examine the efficacy of aciclovir suspension for treating Herpetic Gingivostomatitis in young children. DESIGN: Randomised double blind placebo controlled study. SETTING: Day care unit of a tertiary paediatric hospital. SUBJECTS: 72 children aged 1-6 years with clinical manifestations of Gingivostomatitis lasting less than 72 hours; 61 children with cultures positive for herpes simplex virus finished the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Duration of oral lesions, fever, eating and drinking difficulties, and viral shedding. INTERVENTION: Aciclovir suspension 15 mg/kg five times a day for seven days, or placebo. RESULTS: Children receiving aciclovir had oral lesions for a shorter period than children receiving placebo (median 4 v 10 days (difference 6 days, 95% confidence interval 4.0 to 8.0)) and earlier disappearance of the following signs and symptoms: fever (1 v 3 days (2 days, 0.8 to 3.2)); extraoral lesions (lesions around the mouth but outside the oral cavity) (0 v 5.5 days (5.5 days, 1.3 to 4.7)); eating difficulties (4 v 7 days (3 days, 1.31 to 4.69)); and drinking difficulties (3 v 6 days (3 days, 1.1 to 4.9)). Viral shedding was significantly shorter in the group treated with aciclovir (1 v 5 days (4 days, 2.9 to 5.1)). CONCLUSIONS: Oral aciclovir treatment for Herpetic Gingivostomatitis, started within the first three days of onset, shortens the duration of all clinical manifestations and the infectivity of affected children. Further studies are needed to evaluate the ideal dose and length of treatment.
J. Amir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Primary herpes simplex virus type 1 Gingivostomatitis in pediatric personnel
Infection, 1997Co-Authors: J. Amir, M. Nussinovitch, R. Kleper, H. A. Cohen, I. VarsanoAbstract:Herpetic Gingivostomatitis is common in young children, but primary oral infection has also been described in adults. Herpetic whitlow as an occupational hazard of medical personnel has been well documented. Four cases of primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis are reported in two pediatricians and two pediatric nurses who contracted the infection in their fourth decade of life. All suffered from sore throat and fever as presenting symptoms. Correct diagnosis was delayed for 4–5 days. In conclusion, pediatric personnel with pharyngitis and a negative history of Herpetic Gingivostomatitis or herpes labialis should bear the possibility of oral HSV infection in mind. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent the spread of the infection to their patients.