The Experts below are selected from a list of 55215 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
A.e. Kelley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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enhanced intake of High Fat Food following striatal mu opioid stimulation microinjection mapping and fos expression
Neuroscience, 2000Co-Authors: M Zhang, A.e. KelleyAbstract:Abstract Our previous studies have shown that stimulation of mu-opioid receptors within the nucleus accumbens preferentially enhances intake of palatable Food containing sucrose and Fat; thus, opioids in this brain area may mediate the rewarding characteristics of Food by modulating taste and macronutrient preference. The present study was designed to further explore the nature of the involvement of striatal opioids in feeding behavior, such as the location of sensitive subregions of the ventral striatum and the brain neural circuits involved in opioid-mediated hyperphagia. In Experiment 1, we conducted a microinfusion mapping study of feeding behavior by microinfusion of the mu receptor agonist, d -Ala 2 ,NMe-Phe 4 ,Glyol 5 -enkephalin (0, 0.025 and 0.25 μg/0.5 μl per side; equivalent to 0, 0.04 and 0.40 nmol/0.5 μl per side), into several striatal subregions. In Experiment 2, detection of the expression of the immediate early gene, c-fos, was used to examine brain areas activated following intra-striatal microinfusion of d -Ala 2 ,NMe-Phe 4 ,Glyol 5 -enkephalin. The microinjection mapping study demonstrated a broad anatomical gradient within the striatum, with sensitivity Highest in relatively more lateral and ventral regions of the striatum (ventrolateral striatum, lateral shell and core). The Fos mapping study demonstrated that circuitry including hypothalamic areas, the ventral tegmental area, the substantia nigra and the nucleus of the solitary tract was recruited by stimulation of mu receptors within the nucleus accumbens. A similar pattern was observed following stimulation of mu receptors in the dorsal striatum; however, the extent of activation was much smaller in magnitude. These results suggest that the role of mu receptors within the striatum in palatable feeding primarily involves ventral and lateral regions. Moreover, the pattern of activation in hypothalamic, midbrain and gustatory–visceral relay areas suggests that striatal mu receptors may participate in integrating motivational, metabolic and autonomic aspects of ingestive behavior.
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enhanced intake of High Fat Food following striatal mu opioid stimulation microinjection mapping and fos expression
Neuroscience, 2000Co-Authors: M Zhang, A.e. KelleyAbstract:Abstract Our previous studies have shown that stimulation of mu-opioid receptors within the nucleus accumbens preferentially enhances intake of palatable Food containing sucrose and Fat; thus, opioids in this brain area may mediate the rewarding characteristics of Food by modulating taste and macronutrient preference. The present study was designed to further explore the nature of the involvement of striatal opioids in feeding behavior, such as the location of sensitive subregions of the ventral striatum and the brain neural circuits involved in opioid-mediated hyperphagia. In Experiment 1, we conducted a microinfusion mapping study of feeding behavior by microinfusion of the mu receptor agonist, d -Ala 2 ,NMe-Phe 4 ,Glyol 5 -enkephalin (0, 0.025 and 0.25 μg/0.5 μl per side; equivalent to 0, 0.04 and 0.40 nmol/0.5 μl per side), into several striatal subregions. In Experiment 2, detection of the expression of the immediate early gene, c-fos, was used to examine brain areas activated following intra-striatal microinfusion of d -Ala 2 ,NMe-Phe 4 ,Glyol 5 -enkephalin. The microinjection mapping study demonstrated a broad anatomical gradient within the striatum, with sensitivity Highest in relatively more lateral and ventral regions of the striatum (ventrolateral striatum, lateral shell and core). The Fos mapping study demonstrated that circuitry including hypothalamic areas, the ventral tegmental area, the substantia nigra and the nucleus of the solitary tract was recruited by stimulation of mu receptors within the nucleus accumbens. A similar pattern was observed following stimulation of mu receptors in the dorsal striatum; however, the extent of activation was much smaller in magnitude. These results suggest that the role of mu receptors within the striatum in palatable feeding primarily involves ventral and lateral regions. Moreover, the pattern of activation in hypothalamic, midbrain and gustatory–visceral relay areas suggests that striatal mu receptors may participate in integrating motivational, metabolic and autonomic aspects of ingestive behavior.
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Intake of High-Fat Food is selectively enhanced by mu opioid receptor stimulation within the nucleus accumbens.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1998Co-Authors: M Zhang, Blake A. Gosnell, A.e. KelleyAbstract:The present study was designed to further investigate the nature of feeding induced by opioid stimulation of the nucleus accumbens through an examination of the effects of intra-accumbens (ACB) opioids on macronutrient selection. In 3-hr tests of free-feeding (satiated) rats, intra-ACB administration of the mu receptor agonist D-Ala2,N,Me-Phe4, Gly-ol5-enkephalin (DAMGO; 0, 0.025, 0.25 and 2.5 micrograms bilaterally) markedly enhanced the intake of Fat or carbohydrate when the diets were presented individually (although the effect on Fat intake was much greater in magnitude). Intra-ACB injections of DAMGO, however, produced potent preferential stimulatory effects on Fat ingestion with no effect on carbohydrate ingestion when both Fat and carbohydrate diets were present simultaneously. Moreover, this selective stimulation of Fat intake was independent of base-line diet preference and could be blocked by systemic injection of naltrexone (5 mg/kg). We also examined the effect of 24-hr Food deprivation on the pattern of macronutrient intake in rats with access to both carbohydrate and Fat. In contrast to the DAMGO-induced selective enhancement of Fat intake, Food deprivation significantly increased the intake of both diets to the same extent; however, in this case, only the stimulated Fat intake was blocked by systemic naltrexone. Intra-ACB administration of DAMGO in hungry rats produced an effect similar to that observed in free-feeding rats; preference was strongly shifted to Fat intake. Similarly, the opioid antagonist naltrexone (20 micrograms) infused directly into ACB preferentially decreased Fat intake in hungry rats. These findings suggest that endogenous opioids within the ventral striatum may participate in the mechanisms governing preferences for Highly palatable Foods, especially those rich in Fat.
M Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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enhanced intake of High Fat Food following striatal mu opioid stimulation microinjection mapping and fos expression
Neuroscience, 2000Co-Authors: M Zhang, A.e. KelleyAbstract:Abstract Our previous studies have shown that stimulation of mu-opioid receptors within the nucleus accumbens preferentially enhances intake of palatable Food containing sucrose and Fat; thus, opioids in this brain area may mediate the rewarding characteristics of Food by modulating taste and macronutrient preference. The present study was designed to further explore the nature of the involvement of striatal opioids in feeding behavior, such as the location of sensitive subregions of the ventral striatum and the brain neural circuits involved in opioid-mediated hyperphagia. In Experiment 1, we conducted a microinfusion mapping study of feeding behavior by microinfusion of the mu receptor agonist, d -Ala 2 ,NMe-Phe 4 ,Glyol 5 -enkephalin (0, 0.025 and 0.25 μg/0.5 μl per side; equivalent to 0, 0.04 and 0.40 nmol/0.5 μl per side), into several striatal subregions. In Experiment 2, detection of the expression of the immediate early gene, c-fos, was used to examine brain areas activated following intra-striatal microinfusion of d -Ala 2 ,NMe-Phe 4 ,Glyol 5 -enkephalin. The microinjection mapping study demonstrated a broad anatomical gradient within the striatum, with sensitivity Highest in relatively more lateral and ventral regions of the striatum (ventrolateral striatum, lateral shell and core). The Fos mapping study demonstrated that circuitry including hypothalamic areas, the ventral tegmental area, the substantia nigra and the nucleus of the solitary tract was recruited by stimulation of mu receptors within the nucleus accumbens. A similar pattern was observed following stimulation of mu receptors in the dorsal striatum; however, the extent of activation was much smaller in magnitude. These results suggest that the role of mu receptors within the striatum in palatable feeding primarily involves ventral and lateral regions. Moreover, the pattern of activation in hypothalamic, midbrain and gustatory–visceral relay areas suggests that striatal mu receptors may participate in integrating motivational, metabolic and autonomic aspects of ingestive behavior.
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enhanced intake of High Fat Food following striatal mu opioid stimulation microinjection mapping and fos expression
Neuroscience, 2000Co-Authors: M Zhang, A.e. KelleyAbstract:Abstract Our previous studies have shown that stimulation of mu-opioid receptors within the nucleus accumbens preferentially enhances intake of palatable Food containing sucrose and Fat; thus, opioids in this brain area may mediate the rewarding characteristics of Food by modulating taste and macronutrient preference. The present study was designed to further explore the nature of the involvement of striatal opioids in feeding behavior, such as the location of sensitive subregions of the ventral striatum and the brain neural circuits involved in opioid-mediated hyperphagia. In Experiment 1, we conducted a microinfusion mapping study of feeding behavior by microinfusion of the mu receptor agonist, d -Ala 2 ,NMe-Phe 4 ,Glyol 5 -enkephalin (0, 0.025 and 0.25 μg/0.5 μl per side; equivalent to 0, 0.04 and 0.40 nmol/0.5 μl per side), into several striatal subregions. In Experiment 2, detection of the expression of the immediate early gene, c-fos, was used to examine brain areas activated following intra-striatal microinfusion of d -Ala 2 ,NMe-Phe 4 ,Glyol 5 -enkephalin. The microinjection mapping study demonstrated a broad anatomical gradient within the striatum, with sensitivity Highest in relatively more lateral and ventral regions of the striatum (ventrolateral striatum, lateral shell and core). The Fos mapping study demonstrated that circuitry including hypothalamic areas, the ventral tegmental area, the substantia nigra and the nucleus of the solitary tract was recruited by stimulation of mu receptors within the nucleus accumbens. A similar pattern was observed following stimulation of mu receptors in the dorsal striatum; however, the extent of activation was much smaller in magnitude. These results suggest that the role of mu receptors within the striatum in palatable feeding primarily involves ventral and lateral regions. Moreover, the pattern of activation in hypothalamic, midbrain and gustatory–visceral relay areas suggests that striatal mu receptors may participate in integrating motivational, metabolic and autonomic aspects of ingestive behavior.
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Intake of High-Fat Food is selectively enhanced by mu opioid receptor stimulation within the nucleus accumbens.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1998Co-Authors: M Zhang, Blake A. Gosnell, A.e. KelleyAbstract:The present study was designed to further investigate the nature of feeding induced by opioid stimulation of the nucleus accumbens through an examination of the effects of intra-accumbens (ACB) opioids on macronutrient selection. In 3-hr tests of free-feeding (satiated) rats, intra-ACB administration of the mu receptor agonist D-Ala2,N,Me-Phe4, Gly-ol5-enkephalin (DAMGO; 0, 0.025, 0.25 and 2.5 micrograms bilaterally) markedly enhanced the intake of Fat or carbohydrate when the diets were presented individually (although the effect on Fat intake was much greater in magnitude). Intra-ACB injections of DAMGO, however, produced potent preferential stimulatory effects on Fat ingestion with no effect on carbohydrate ingestion when both Fat and carbohydrate diets were present simultaneously. Moreover, this selective stimulation of Fat intake was independent of base-line diet preference and could be blocked by systemic injection of naltrexone (5 mg/kg). We also examined the effect of 24-hr Food deprivation on the pattern of macronutrient intake in rats with access to both carbohydrate and Fat. In contrast to the DAMGO-induced selective enhancement of Fat intake, Food deprivation significantly increased the intake of both diets to the same extent; however, in this case, only the stimulated Fat intake was blocked by systemic naltrexone. Intra-ACB administration of DAMGO in hungry rats produced an effect similar to that observed in free-feeding rats; preference was strongly shifted to Fat intake. Similarly, the opioid antagonist naltrexone (20 micrograms) infused directly into ACB preferentially decreased Fat intake in hungry rats. These findings suggest that endogenous opioids within the ventral striatum may participate in the mechanisms governing preferences for Highly palatable Foods, especially those rich in Fat.
Wender L P Bredie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bariatric surgery leads to short term effects on sweet taste sensitivity and hedonic evaluation of Fatty Food stimuli
Obesity, 2019Co-Authors: Mette S Nielsen, Ida Ninett Skovgaard K Andersen, Belinda Lange, Julie Berg Schmidt, Anders Sjodin, Christian Ritz, Carel Le W Roux, Wender L P BredieAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on sweet taste sensitivity and the hedonic evaluation of sweet, savory, and Fatty Food stimuli as well as associations with weight loss and Food preferences assessed at a buffet meal test. METHODS: The detection and recognition threshold for sweet taste and the hedonic rating of sweet, savory, and Fatty Food stimuli were assessed before and after a preoperative diet-induced weight loss and 6 weeks, 6 months, and 18 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (n = 29). RESULTS: The detection threshold for sweet taste decreased after the diet-induced weight loss and 6 weeks after RYGB (both P ≤ 0.03). The hedonic rating of High-Fat Food stimuli decreased 6 weeks after RYGB and SG (all P ≤ 0.02). Changes in the hedonic rating of High-Fat Food stimuli were associated with increased preferences for High-Fat Foods at the buffet meal (P = 0.03) and tended to be associated with weight loss (P = 0.05). No changes were detected for sweet and savory Food stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: RYGB increased sweet taste sensitivity; however, this effect was already seen after the diet-induced weight-loss. RYGB and SG decreased the hedonic evaluation of High-Fat Food stimuli, but this effect did not translate into decreased preferences for High-Fat Food.
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Bariatric Surgery Leads to Short‐Term Effects on Sweet Taste Sensitivity and Hedonic Evaluation of Fatty Food Stimuli
Obesity, 2019Co-Authors: Mette S Nielsen, Ida Ninett Skovgaard K Andersen, Belinda Lange, Julie Berg Schmidt, Anders Sjodin, Carel W. Le Roux, Christian Ritz, Wender L P BredieAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on sweet taste sensitivity and the hedonic evaluation of sweet, savory, and Fatty Food stimuli as well as associations with weight loss and Food preferences assessed at a buffet meal test. METHODS: The detection and recognition threshold for sweet taste and the hedonic rating of sweet, savory, and Fatty Food stimuli were assessed before and after a preoperative diet-induced weight loss and 6 weeks, 6 months, and 18 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (n = 29). RESULTS: The detection threshold for sweet taste decreased after the diet-induced weight loss and 6 weeks after RYGB (both P ≤ 0.03). The hedonic rating of High-Fat Food stimuli decreased 6 weeks after RYGB and SG (all P ≤ 0.02). Changes in the hedonic rating of High-Fat Food stimuli were associated with increased preferences for High-Fat Foods at the buffet meal (P = 0.03) and tended to be associated with weight loss (P = 0.05). No changes were detected for sweet and savory Food stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: RYGB increased sweet taste sensitivity; however, this effect was already seen after the diet-induced weight-loss. RYGB and SG decreased the hedonic evaluation of High-Fat Food stimuli, but this effect did not translate into decreased preferences for High-Fat Food.
Carel Le W Roux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bariatric surgery leads to short term effects on sweet taste sensitivity and hedonic evaluation of Fatty Food stimuli
Obesity, 2019Co-Authors: Mette S Nielsen, Ida Ninett Skovgaard K Andersen, Belinda Lange, Julie Berg Schmidt, Anders Sjodin, Christian Ritz, Carel Le W Roux, Wender L P BredieAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on sweet taste sensitivity and the hedonic evaluation of sweet, savory, and Fatty Food stimuli as well as associations with weight loss and Food preferences assessed at a buffet meal test. METHODS: The detection and recognition threshold for sweet taste and the hedonic rating of sweet, savory, and Fatty Food stimuli were assessed before and after a preoperative diet-induced weight loss and 6 weeks, 6 months, and 18 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (n = 29). RESULTS: The detection threshold for sweet taste decreased after the diet-induced weight loss and 6 weeks after RYGB (both P ≤ 0.03). The hedonic rating of High-Fat Food stimuli decreased 6 weeks after RYGB and SG (all P ≤ 0.02). Changes in the hedonic rating of High-Fat Food stimuli were associated with increased preferences for High-Fat Foods at the buffet meal (P = 0.03) and tended to be associated with weight loss (P = 0.05). No changes were detected for sweet and savory Food stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: RYGB increased sweet taste sensitivity; however, this effect was already seen after the diet-induced weight-loss. RYGB and SG decreased the hedonic evaluation of High-Fat Food stimuli, but this effect did not translate into decreased preferences for High-Fat Food.
Roger C Loeb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the relationship between stress dietary restraint and Food preferences in women
Appetite, 2009Co-Authors: Summar Habhab, Jane P Sheldon, Roger C LoebAbstract:The relationship between stress, restraint, and eating has been studied using various methods, including retrospective self-reports of stress and eating that are open to inaccuracies. Additionally, laboratory research has not systematically varied the Fat content and sweetness of Food items to assess how stress relates to specific Food preferences. In this study of 40 women we examined the role of restraint and experimentally induced stress on the amount of sweet, salty, High-Fat, and low-Fat Food consumed. High-restraint women ate more High-Fat Food than did low-restraint women, regardless of stress level. High-stressed women preferred sweet, High-Fat Food more than did low-stressed women, whereas low-stressed women ate more low-Fat than High-Fat Food. There was no interaction between restraint and stress level. Social influence effects of small-group testing may have increased the ego-threat of the stressor or disinhibited High-restraint women in both stress groups. Future laboratory research is needed to assess the role of the presence of others in both stress induction and eating behaviors.