The Experts below are selected from a list of 4053 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Clive Roberts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Well-to-wheel analysis for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railways
    Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2012
    Co-Authors: Andreas Hoffrichter, Arnold R Miller, Stuart Hillmansen, Clive Roberts
    Abstract:

    This paper derives the energy efficiencies and CO2emissions for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railway vehicles on a well-to-wheel basis, using the low Heating Value and High Heating Value of the enthalpy of oxidation of the fuel. The tank-to-wheel and well-to-tank efficiency are determined. Gaseous hydrogen has a WTW efficiency of 25%low Heating Value, if produced from methane and used in a fuel cell. This efficiency is similar to diesel and electric traction in the UK, US, and California. A reduction of about 19% in CO2is achieved when hydrogen gas is used in a fuel cell compared to diesel traction, and a 3% reduction compared to US electricity. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

  • Well-to-wheel analysis for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railways
    Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment, 2011
    Co-Authors: Andreas Hoffrichter, Arnold R Miller, Stuart Hillmansen, Clive Roberts
    Abstract:

    This paper derives the energy efficiencies and CO2 emissions for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railway vehicles on a well-to-wheel basis, using the low Heating Value and High Heating Value of the enthalpy of oxidation of the fuel. The tank-to-wheel and well-to-tank efficiency are determined. Gaseous hydrogen has a WTW efficiency of 25% low Heating Value, if produced from methane and used in a fuel cell. This efficiency is similar to diesel and electric traction in the UK, US, and California. A reduction of about 19% in CO2 is achieved when hydrogen gas is used in a fuel cell compared to diesel traction, and a 3% reduction compared to US electricity.

M. Ya. Sokol - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Obtaining of gas, liquid, and upgraded solid fuel from brown coals in supercritical water
    Thermal Engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: A. A. Vostrikov, O. N. Fedyaeva, D. Yu. Dubov, A. V. Shishkin, M. Ya. Sokol
    Abstract:

    Two new conversion methods of brown coals in water steam and supercritical water (SCW) are proposed and investigated. In the first method, water steam or SCW is supplied periodically into the array of coal particles and then is ejected from the reactor along with dissolved conversion products. The second method includes the continuous supply of water-coal suspension (WCS) into the vertically arranged reactor from above. When using the proposed methods, agglomeration of coal particles is excluded and a High degree of conversion of coal into liquid and gaseous products is provided. Due to the removal of the main mass of oxygen during conversion in the composition of CO_2, the High Heating Value of fuels obtained from liquid substantially exceeds this characteristic of starting coal. More than half of the sulfur atoms transfer into H_2S during the SCW conversion already at a temperature lower than 450°C.

Andreas Hoffrichter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Well-to-wheel analysis for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railways
    Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2012
    Co-Authors: Andreas Hoffrichter, Arnold R Miller, Stuart Hillmansen, Clive Roberts
    Abstract:

    This paper derives the energy efficiencies and CO2emissions for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railway vehicles on a well-to-wheel basis, using the low Heating Value and High Heating Value of the enthalpy of oxidation of the fuel. The tank-to-wheel and well-to-tank efficiency are determined. Gaseous hydrogen has a WTW efficiency of 25%low Heating Value, if produced from methane and used in a fuel cell. This efficiency is similar to diesel and electric traction in the UK, US, and California. A reduction of about 19% in CO2is achieved when hydrogen gas is used in a fuel cell compared to diesel traction, and a 3% reduction compared to US electricity. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

  • Well-to-wheel analysis for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railways
    Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment, 2011
    Co-Authors: Andreas Hoffrichter, Arnold R Miller, Stuart Hillmansen, Clive Roberts
    Abstract:

    This paper derives the energy efficiencies and CO2 emissions for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railway vehicles on a well-to-wheel basis, using the low Heating Value and High Heating Value of the enthalpy of oxidation of the fuel. The tank-to-wheel and well-to-tank efficiency are determined. Gaseous hydrogen has a WTW efficiency of 25% low Heating Value, if produced from methane and used in a fuel cell. This efficiency is similar to diesel and electric traction in the UK, US, and California. A reduction of about 19% in CO2 is achieved when hydrogen gas is used in a fuel cell compared to diesel traction, and a 3% reduction compared to US electricity.

Longlong Ma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Efficient upgrading process for production of low quality fuel from bio-oil
    Fuel, 2016
    Co-Authors: Xinghua Zhang, Bosong Li, Ying Xu, Tiejun Wang, Qi Zhang, Longlong Ma
    Abstract:

    To improve the quality of fast pyrolysis bio-oil, an efficient catalytic upgrading process is proposed with pristine Ni/MgO catalyst and ethanol. Esterification, hydrogenation, alkylation of aromatic ring and depolymerization of lignin-derived pyrolytic oligomers simultaneously occurred in the upgrading process. Esters, ketones and alkyl-substituted aromatic compounds were found to be the main components in the volatile fraction of the upgraded bio-oil. Under the optimal conditions, pH Value and HHV (High Heating Value) of the upgraded bio-oil were 5.01 and 24.9 MJ kg-1, respectively. This result suggested that the properties of bio-oil could be effectively improved by the catalytic upgrading process. Moreover, carbon efficiency of this upgrading process was relatively High because that formation of coke is suppressed in the upgrading process.

A. A. Vostrikov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Obtaining of gas, liquid, and upgraded solid fuel from brown coals in supercritical water
    Thermal Engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: A. A. Vostrikov, O. N. Fedyaeva, D. Yu. Dubov, A. V. Shishkin, M. Ya. Sokol
    Abstract:

    Two new conversion methods of brown coals in water steam and supercritical water (SCW) are proposed and investigated. In the first method, water steam or SCW is supplied periodically into the array of coal particles and then is ejected from the reactor along with dissolved conversion products. The second method includes the continuous supply of water-coal suspension (WCS) into the vertically arranged reactor from above. When using the proposed methods, agglomeration of coal particles is excluded and a High degree of conversion of coal into liquid and gaseous products is provided. Due to the removal of the main mass of oxygen during conversion in the composition of CO_2, the High Heating Value of fuels obtained from liquid substantially exceeds this characteristic of starting coal. More than half of the sulfur atoms transfer into H_2S during the SCW conversion already at a temperature lower than 450°C.