The Experts below are selected from a list of 123 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Daniel M Kammen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the epistemology of sustainable resource use managing forest products swiddens and High Yielding Variety crops
    Human Organization, 1997
    Co-Authors: Michael R Dove, Daniel M Kammen
    Abstract:

    This study examines the moral ecology of resource use through a comparison of the ideological bases of three systems of resource use in Southeast Asia: gathering forest products (viz., forest fruit), swidden agriculture, and the cultivation of High-Yielding Variety, green revolution crops. A trade-off between the magnitude of return and the frequency of return is accepted in the first two systems, but this is denied in the third system in which there is, instead, insistence on continuous, High-magnitude returns. In the fruit- gathering and swidden cultivation systems there is recognition of linkages to the wider temporal and spatial processes in which they are embedded, but in the green revolution system there is only a very narrow view of these linkages. Whereas the necessity of reciprocal exchange with their wider social and natural environments is accepted in the first two systems, such exchanges are minimized in the green revolution system. This study contributes to current debates about sustainable r...

  • The Epistemology of Sustainable Resource Use: Managing Forest Products, Swiddens, and High-Yielding Variety Crops
    Human Organization, 1997
    Co-Authors: Michael R Dove, Daniel M Kammen
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study is to examine the “moral ecology” of resource use, through a comparison of the ideological bases of three systems of resource use in Southeast Asia: gathering forest products (viz., forest fruit), swidden agriculture, and the cultivation of High-Yielding Variety, “green revolution” crops. A trade-off between the magnitude of return and the frequency of return is accepted in the first two systems, but this is denied in the third system in which there is instead insistence on the possibility of continuous, High-magnitude returns. In the fruit-gathering and swidden cultivation systems, there is recognition of linkages to the wider temporal and spatial processes in which they are embedded, but in the green revolution system there is only a very narrow view of these linkages; and whereas the necessity of reciprocal exchange with their wider social and natural environments is accepted in the first two systems, such exchanges are minimized in the green revolution system. This study contributes to current debates about sustainable resource use, the conception of nature and culture, and the epistemology of science and the contemporary role of anthropology.

Michael R Dove - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the epistemology of sustainable resource use managing forest products swiddens and High Yielding Variety crops
    Human Organization, 1997
    Co-Authors: Michael R Dove, Daniel M Kammen
    Abstract:

    This study examines the moral ecology of resource use through a comparison of the ideological bases of three systems of resource use in Southeast Asia: gathering forest products (viz., forest fruit), swidden agriculture, and the cultivation of High-Yielding Variety, green revolution crops. A trade-off between the magnitude of return and the frequency of return is accepted in the first two systems, but this is denied in the third system in which there is, instead, insistence on continuous, High-magnitude returns. In the fruit- gathering and swidden cultivation systems there is recognition of linkages to the wider temporal and spatial processes in which they are embedded, but in the green revolution system there is only a very narrow view of these linkages. Whereas the necessity of reciprocal exchange with their wider social and natural environments is accepted in the first two systems, such exchanges are minimized in the green revolution system. This study contributes to current debates about sustainable r...

  • The Epistemology of Sustainable Resource Use: Managing Forest Products, Swiddens, and High-Yielding Variety Crops
    Human Organization, 1997
    Co-Authors: Michael R Dove, Daniel M Kammen
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study is to examine the “moral ecology” of resource use, through a comparison of the ideological bases of three systems of resource use in Southeast Asia: gathering forest products (viz., forest fruit), swidden agriculture, and the cultivation of High-Yielding Variety, “green revolution” crops. A trade-off between the magnitude of return and the frequency of return is accepted in the first two systems, but this is denied in the third system in which there is instead insistence on the possibility of continuous, High-magnitude returns. In the fruit-gathering and swidden cultivation systems, there is recognition of linkages to the wider temporal and spatial processes in which they are embedded, but in the green revolution system there is only a very narrow view of these linkages; and whereas the necessity of reciprocal exchange with their wider social and natural environments is accepted in the first two systems, such exchanges are minimized in the green revolution system. This study contributes to current debates about sustainable resource use, the conception of nature and culture, and the epistemology of science and the contemporary role of anthropology.

Ranjan Kumar Kundu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Factors affecting the yield of High Yielding Variety Boro rice: An evidence from Rajshahi district of Bangladesh
    2012
    Co-Authors: Provash Kumar Karmokar, Mahendran Shitan, Ranjan Kumar Kundu
    Abstract:

    Rice is the most important agricultural crop in Bangladesh. The High Yielding Variety (HYV) Boro rice has the largest share among all the varieties of rice in the country. The yield of HYV Boro rice is strongly interrelated with the climatic and non-climatic factors like rainfall, temperature, humidity, cloud coverage, carbon dioxide emission, wind speed and fertilizer use. Our particular interest is to extract the factors that are potential for the yield of HYV Boro rice in the study area. As a data reduction technique, factor analysis was employed in the selected data sets. Our analysis extracted five factors that explained about 82.33% variation of the total variance.

Howard D. Leathers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Maize of the ancestors and modern varieties: The microeconomics of High Yielding Variety adoption in Malawi
    Economic Development and Cultural Change, 1995
    Co-Authors: Melinda Smale, Paul W. Heisey, Howard D. Leathers
    Abstract:

    Farmer adoption of seed/fertilizer technology can be characterized in terms of several interrelated choices. One choice is whether to adopt only seed, only fertilizer, or both components of the technology (adoption). Another choice relates to the extent of land allocation to modem and to farmers' seed varieties (extent of adoption). A third choice is the level per hectare of either seed or fertilizer or both (intensity of adoption).1 In the literature about agricultural innovations in developing countries, some theoretical models treat more than one aspect of the adoption decision,2 but most econometric approaches have portrayed only the discrete adoption choice for a single input. Although farmers often adopt parts or components of recommended technology, neither the theoretical nor the econometric models have included the level of fertilizer applied to farmers' varieties in the analysis of seed/ fertilizer adoption.3 Two features of the seed/fertilizer adoption decision, as defined above, are particularly evident in Malawi. First, even when farmers adopt hybrid maize, they continue to allocate a part of their maize area to their own varieties. Microeconomic theory provides four explanations for land allocation to both modern and traditional seed variet-

Abu Muhammad Shajaat Ali - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • population pressure environmental constraints and agricultural change in bangladesh examples from three agroecosystems
    Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 1995
    Co-Authors: Abu Muhammad Shajaat Ali
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study has examined the cultural ecology theory of agricultural change on the basis of a 40 year (1950–1990) temporal data set collected from 130 farmstead households living in three villages in Bangladesh. The villages represent xeric, wetland, and transformed irrigated rice agroecosystems. Owing to monsoon flooding and dry season shortage of water, both cropping intensity and land productivity in all three villages were lower than their national averages in the 1950s. As population grew over time, farmers in these villages have adopted various strategies to increase cropping intensity and land productivity. Such strategies included the adjustments of land levels, changes in cropping schedules, adoption of new cultivars to suit the environment, and Green Revolution technological changes. These attempts to modify the environment and reduce its constraints have increased both cropping intensity and land productivity over time. However, agricultural growth varied spatially among the three villages due mostly to farmers' ability to control drought and expand the cultivation of High Yielding Variety of rice crops into the dry season with the help of low-lift pump irrigation. Population pressure forced farmers to intensify agriculture, but under conditions of severe environmental constraints, population growth alone was not the only factor to cause desired agricultural change. Farmers' technological capabilities to reduce the environmental constraints have played a key role in agricultural growth. The study supports the cultural ecology theory of agricultural change.