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Claude W Depamphilis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the parasitic plant genome project new tools for understanding the biology of orobanche and striga
Weed Science, 2012Co-Authors: Claude W Depamphilis, Monica Fernandezaparicio, Eric K Wafula, Lore A Honaas, Michael P Timko, Norman J. Wickett, John I. YoderAbstract:The Parasitic Plant Genome Project has sequenced transcripts from three parasitic species and a nonparasitic relative in the Orobanchaceae with the goal of understanding genetic changes associated with parasitism. The species studied span the trophic spectrum from free-living nonparasite to obligate Holoparasite. Parasitic species used were Triphysaria versicolor ,a photosynthetically competent species that opportunistically parasitizes roots of neighboring plants; Striga hermonthica ,a hemiparasite that has an obligate need for a host; and Orobanche aegyptiaca, a Holoparasite with absolute nutritional dependence on a host. Lindenbergia philippensis represents the closest nonparasite sister group to the parasitic Orobanchaceae and was included for comparative purposes. Tissues for transcriptome sequencing from each plant were gathered to identify expressed genes for key life stages from seed conditioning through anthesis. Two of the species studied, S. hermonthica and O. aegyptiaca, are economically important weeds and the data generated by this project are expected to aid in research and control of these species and their relatives. The sequences generated through this project will provide an abundant resource of molecular markers for understanding population dynamics, as well as provide insight into the biology of parasitism and advance progress toward understanding parasite virulence and host resistance mechanisms. In addition, the sequences provide important information on target sites for herbicide action or other novel control strategies such as trans-specific gene silencing. Nomenclature: Egyptian broomrape, Orobanche aegyptiaca (Pers.) (Syn. Phelipanche aegyptiaca) ORAAE; Lindenbergia philippensis (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth. LINPH; yellowbeak owl’s-clover, Triphysaria versicolor (Fisch. & C.A. Mey) TRVEV; purple witchweed, Striga hermonthica, (Del.) Benth. STRHE.
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transcriptomes of the parasitic plant family orobanchaceae reveal surprising conservation of chlorophyll synthesis
Current Biology, 2011Co-Authors: Norma J Wicke, Eric K Wafula, Lore A Honaas, Malay Das, Ka Huang, Lena Landhe, Michael P Timko, Joh I Yode, Claude W DepamphilisAbstract:Summary Parasitism in flowering plants has evolved at least 11 times [1]. Only one family, Orobanchaceae, comprises all major nutritional types of parasites: facultative, hemiparasitic (partially photosynthetic), and holoparasitic (nonphotosynthetic) [2]. Additionally, the family includes Lindenbergia , a nonparasitic genus sister to all parasitic Orobanchaceae [3–6]. Parasitic Orobanchaceae include species with severe economic impacts: Striga (witchweed), for example, affects over 50 million hectares of crops in sub-Saharan Africa, causing more than $3 billion in damage annually [7]. Although gene losses and increased substitution rates have been characterized for parasitic plant plastid genomes [5, 8–11], the nuclear genome and transcriptome remain largely unexplored. The Parasitic Plant Genome Project (PPGP; http://ppgp.huck.psu.edu/) [2] is leveraging the natural variation in Orobanchaceae to explore the evolution and genomic consequences of parasitism in plants through a massive transcriptome and gene discovery project involving Triphysaria versicolor (facultative hemiparasite), Striga hermonthica (obligate hemiparasite), and Phelipanche aegyptiaca ( Orobanche [12]; Holoparasite). Here we present the first set of large-scale genomic resources for parasitic plant comparative biology. Transcriptomes of above-ground tissues reveal that, in addition to the predictable loss of photosynthesis-related gene expression in P. aegyptiaca , the nonphotosynthetic parasite retains an intact, expressed, and selectively constrained chlorophyll synthesis pathway.
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The effect of relaxed functional constraints on the photosynthetic gene rbcL in photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants.
Molecular biology and evolution, 1998Co-Authors: Andrea D. Wolfe, Claude W DepamphilisAbstract:The photosynthetic gene rbcL has been lost or dramatically altered in some lineages of nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants, but the dynamics of these events following loss of photosynthesis and whether rbcL has sustained functionally significant changes in photosynthetic parasitic plants are unknown. To assess the changes to rbcL associated with the loss of functional constraints for photosynthesis, nucleotide sequences from nonparasitic and parasitic plants of Scrophulariales were used for phylogeny reconstruction and character analysis. Plants in this group display a broad range of parasitic abilities, from photosynthetic ("hemiparasites") to nonphotosynthetic ("Holoparasites"). With the exception of Conopholis (Orobanchaceae), the rbcL locus is present in all parasitic plants of Scrophulariales examined. Several holoparasitic genera included in this study, including Boschniakia, Epifagus, Orobanche, and Hyobanche, have rbcL pseudogenes. However, the Holoparasites Alectra orobanchoides, Harveya capensis, Harveya purpurea, Lathraea clandestina, Orobanche corymbosa, O. fasciculata, and Striga gesnerioides have intact open reading frames (ORFs) for the rbcL gene. Phylogenetic hypotheses based on rbcL are largely in agreement with those based on sequences of the nonphotosynthetic genes rps2 and matK and show a single origin of parasitism, and loss of photosynthesis and pseudogene formation have been independently derived several times in Scrophulariales. The mutations in rbcL in nonparasitic and hemiparasitic plants would result in largely conservative amino acid substitutions, supporting the hypothesis that functional proteins can experience only a limited range of changes, even in minimally photosynthetic plants. In contrast, ORFs in some Holoparasites had many previously unobserved missense substitutions at functionally important amino acid residues, suggesting that rbcL genes in these plants have evolved under relaxed or altered functional constraints.
Chungjui Tsai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plasma membrane phylloquinone biosynthesis in nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants
Plant Physiology, 2021Co-Authors: Inggin Chen, James H Westwood, Scott A Harding, Batbayar Nyamdari, Maria A Ortega, Kristen Clermont, Chungjui TsaiAbstract:Nonphotosynthetic Holoparasites exploit flexible targeting of phylloquinone biosynthesis to facilitate plasma membrane redox signaling. Phylloquinone is a lipophilic naphthoquinone found predominantly in chloroplasts and best known for its function in photosystem I electron transport and disulfide bridge formation of photosystem II subunits. Phylloquinone has also been detected in plasma membrane (PM) preparations of heterotrophic tissues with potential transmembrane redox function, but the molecular basis for this noncanonical pathway is unknown. Here, we provide evidence of PM phylloquinone biosynthesis in a nonphotosynthetic Holoparasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca. A nonphotosynthetic and nonplastidial role for phylloquinone is supported by transcription of phylloquinone biosynthetic genes during seed germination and haustorium development, by PM-localization of alternative terminal enzymes, and by detection of phylloquinone in germinated seeds. Comparative gene network analysis with photosynthetically competent parasites revealed a bias of P. aegyptiaca phylloquinone genes toward coexpression with oxidoreductases involved in PM electron transport. Genes encoding the PM phylloquinone pathway are also present in several photoautotrophic taxa of Asterids, suggesting an ancient origin of multifunctionality. Our findings suggest that nonphotosynthetic Holoparasites exploit alternative targeting of phylloquinone for transmembrane redox signaling associated with parasitism.
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plasma membrane phylloquinone biosynthesis in nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Inggin Chen, James H Westwood, Scott A Harding, Batbayar Nyamdari, Maria A Ortega, Kristen Clermont, Chungjui TsaiAbstract:Phylloquinone is a lipophilic naphthoquinone found predominantly in chloroplasts and best known for its function in photosystem I electron transport and disulfide bridge formation of photosystem II subunits. Phylloquinone has also been detected in plasma membrane preparations of heterotrophic tissues with potential transmembrane redox function, but the molecular basis for this noncanonical pathway is unknown. Here we provide evidence of plasma membrane phylloquinone biosynthesis in a nonphotosynthetic Holoparasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca. A nonphotosynthetic and nonplastidial role for phylloquinone is supported by transcription of phylloquinone biosynthetic genes during seed germination and haustorium development, by plasma membrane-localization of alternative terminal enzymes, and by detection of phylloquinone in germinated seeds. Comparative gene network analysis with photosynthetically competent parasites revealed a bias of Phelipanche phylloquinone genes toward coexpression with oxidoreductases involved in plasma membrane electron transport. Genes encoding the plasma membrane phylloquinone pathway are also present in several photoautotrophic taxa of Asterids, suggesting an ancient origin of multifunctionality. Our findings suggest that nonphotosynthetic Holoparasites exploit alternative targeting of phylloquinone for transmembrane redox signaling associated with parasitism.
Pointurier Olivia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modélisation des effets des systèmes de culture sur la dynamique de la plante parasite orobanche rameuse en interaction avec la flore adventice
2015Co-Authors: Pointurier OliviaAbstract:Modélisation des effets des systèmes de culture sur la dynamique de la plante parasite orobanche rameuse en interaction avec la flore adventice Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel est une plante parasite capable d’infecter un grand nombre de cultures et d’adventices. Comme tout Holoparasite, elle vit au dépend de ses hôtes en détournant leurs ressources et provoque ainsi d’importantes pertes de rendement sur les cultures. En France, elle est particulièrement dévastatrice sur le colza, les pertes de rendement atteignant jusqu’à 90%. Afin de concevoir un programme de gestion adapté pour lutter contre P. ramosa, il est nécessaire de disposer d’outils pour prendre en compte tous les éléments des systèmes de culture qui peuvent avoir une influence sur la dynamique du parasite, y compris les adventices avec lesquels il interagit. Nous avons donc développé PHERASYS, un modèle de la dynamique de P. ramosa, quantifiant les effets des systèmes de culture sur la dynamique du parasite en interaction avec les adventices. Ce modèle a été construit à partir de la littérature et des expérimentations que nous avons menées. Ces expérimentations ont permis de caractériser la mortalité et la dormance des semences de P. ramosa dans le sol, aucune information n’étant disponible dans la littérature. PHERASYS simule les processus du cycle de vie du parasite déterminant sa dynamique pluriannuelle, c’est-à-dire la mortalité, la dormance et la germination des semences dans le sol, la fixation et la survie du parasite sur son hôte jusqu’à fructification et libération des semences. Les innovations apportées par le modèle sont discutées, ainsi que ses limites et potentielles applications.Modelling cropping systems effects on branched broomrape dynamics in interaction with weeds Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel is a parasitic weed which infects many crops and weeds. As a Holoparasite, it entirely relies on its host’s resources to survive and reproduce. Thus, it causes important crop yield losses. It is a major pest of oilseed rape in France, with up to 90% yield loss in infected crops. In order to design efficient pest management strategies, tools are needed to integrate all the cropping system components that affect P. ramosa dynamics, including weeds. As a consequence, we modelled the effect of cropping systems on P. ramosa dynamics in interaction with weeds in a model called PHERASYS. The model was built from literature data and results from our own experiments. Our experiments allowed us to quantify in situ seed mortality and seed dormancy of P. ramosa, two unstudied processes to date. PHERASYS simulates processes that determine the multiannual parasite dynamics, i.e. in situ seed mortality, dormancy and germination, and subsequent parasite fixation and survival on host plant until seed production and release. Innovations, limits and potential applications of the model are discussed
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Modélisation des effets des systèmes de culture sur la dynamique de la plante parasite orobanche rameuse en interaction avec la flore adventice
HAL CCSD, 2015Co-Authors: Pointurier OliviaAbstract:EA Ecoldur Agrosup CT1Modelling cropping systems effects on branched broomrape dynamics in interaction with weeds Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel is a parasitic weed which infects many crops and weeds. As a Holoparasite, it entirely relies on its host’s resources to survive and reproduce. Thus, it causes important crop yield losses. It is a major pest of oilseed rape in France, with up to 90% yield loss in infected crops. In order to design efficient pest management strategies, tools are needed to integrate all the cropping system components that affect P. ramosa dynamics, including weeds. As a consequence, we modelled the effect of cropping systems on P. ramosa dynamics in interaction with weeds in a model called PHERASYS. The model was built from literature data and results from our own experiments. Our experiments allowed us to quantify in situ seed mortality and seed dormancy of P. ramosa, two unstudied processes to date. PHERASYS simulates processes that determine the multiannual parasite dynamics, i.e. in situ seed mortality, dormancy and germination, and subsequent parasite fixation and survival on host plant until seed production and release. Innovations, limits and potential applications of the model are discussed.Modélisation des effets des systèmes de culture sur la dynamique de la plante parasite orobanche rameuse en interaction avec la flore adventice Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel est une plante parasite capable d’infecter un grand nombre de cultures et d’adventices. Comme tout Holoparasite, elle vit au dépend de ses hôtes en détournant leurs ressources et provoque ainsi d’importantes pertes de rendement sur les cultures. En France, elle est particulièrement dévastatrice sur le colza, les pertes de rendement atteignant jusqu’à 90%. Afin de concevoir un programme de gestion adapté pour lutter contre P. ramosa, il est nécessaire de disposer d’outils pour prendre en compte tous les éléments des systèmes de culture qui peuvent avoir une influence sur la dynamique du parasite, y compris les adventices avec lesquels il interagit. Nous avons donc développé PHERASYS, un modèle de la dynamique de P. ramosa, quantifiant les effets des systèmes de culture sur la dynamique du parasite en interaction avec les adventices. Ce modèle a été construit à partir de la littérature et des expérimentations que nous avons menées. Ces expérimentations ont permis de caractériser la mortalité et la dormance des semences de P. ramosa dans le sol, aucune information n’étant disponible dans la littérature. PHERASYS simule les processus du cycle de vie du parasite déterminant sa dynamique pluriannuelle, c’est-à-dire la mortalité, la dormance et la germination des semences dans le sol, la fixation et la survie du parasite sur son hôte jusqu’à fructification et libération des semences. Les innovations apportées par le modèle sont discutées, ainsi que ses limites et potentielles applications
Markus Albert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detection of the plant parasite cuscuta reflexa by a tomato cell surface receptor
Science, 2016Co-Authors: Volker Hegenauer, Bettina Kaiser, Ursula Fürst, Matthew Smoker, Cyril Zipfel, George Felix, Mark Stahl, Markus AlbertAbstract:Parasitic plants are a constraint on agriculture worldwide. Cuscuta reflexa is a stem Holoparasite that infests most dicotyledonous plants. One exception is tomato, which is resistant to C. reflexa We discovered that tomato responds to a small peptide factor occurring in Cuscuta spp. with immune responses typically activated after perception of microbe-associated molecular patterns. We identified the cell surface receptor-like protein CUSCUTA RECEPTOR 1 (CuRe1) as essential for the perception of this parasite-associated molecular pattern. CuRe1 is sufficient to confer responsiveness to the Cuscuta factor and increased resistance to parasitic C. reflexa when heterologously expressed in otherwise susceptible host plants. Our findings reveal that plants recognize parasitic plants in a manner similar to perception of microbial pathogens.
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parasitic plants of the genus cuscuta and their interaction with susceptible and resistant host plants
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2015Co-Authors: Bettina Kaiser, Ursula Fürst, Gerd Vogg, Markus AlbertAbstract:By comparison with plant-microbe interaction, little is known about the interaction of parasitic plants with their hosts. Plants of the genus Cuscuta belong to the family of Cuscutaceae and comprise about 200 species, all of which live as stem Holoparasites on other plants. Cuscuta spp. possess no roots nor fully expanded leaves and the vegetative portion appears to be a stem only. The parasite winds around plants and penetrates the host stems via haustoria, forming direct connections to the vascular bundles of their hosts to withdraw water, carbohydrates and other solutes. Besides susceptible hosts, a few plants exist that exhibit an active resistance against infestation by Cuscuta spp. For example, cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fends off Cuscuta reflexa by means of a hypersensitive-type response occurring in the early penetration phase. This report on the plant-plant dialogue between Cuscuta spp. and its host plants focuses on the incompatible interaction of Cuscuta reflexa with tomato.
Inggin Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plasma membrane phylloquinone biosynthesis in nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants
Plant Physiology, 2021Co-Authors: Inggin Chen, James H Westwood, Scott A Harding, Batbayar Nyamdari, Maria A Ortega, Kristen Clermont, Chungjui TsaiAbstract:Nonphotosynthetic Holoparasites exploit flexible targeting of phylloquinone biosynthesis to facilitate plasma membrane redox signaling. Phylloquinone is a lipophilic naphthoquinone found predominantly in chloroplasts and best known for its function in photosystem I electron transport and disulfide bridge formation of photosystem II subunits. Phylloquinone has also been detected in plasma membrane (PM) preparations of heterotrophic tissues with potential transmembrane redox function, but the molecular basis for this noncanonical pathway is unknown. Here, we provide evidence of PM phylloquinone biosynthesis in a nonphotosynthetic Holoparasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca. A nonphotosynthetic and nonplastidial role for phylloquinone is supported by transcription of phylloquinone biosynthetic genes during seed germination and haustorium development, by PM-localization of alternative terminal enzymes, and by detection of phylloquinone in germinated seeds. Comparative gene network analysis with photosynthetically competent parasites revealed a bias of P. aegyptiaca phylloquinone genes toward coexpression with oxidoreductases involved in PM electron transport. Genes encoding the PM phylloquinone pathway are also present in several photoautotrophic taxa of Asterids, suggesting an ancient origin of multifunctionality. Our findings suggest that nonphotosynthetic Holoparasites exploit alternative targeting of phylloquinone for transmembrane redox signaling associated with parasitism.
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plasma membrane phylloquinone biosynthesis in nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Inggin Chen, James H Westwood, Scott A Harding, Batbayar Nyamdari, Maria A Ortega, Kristen Clermont, Chungjui TsaiAbstract:Phylloquinone is a lipophilic naphthoquinone found predominantly in chloroplasts and best known for its function in photosystem I electron transport and disulfide bridge formation of photosystem II subunits. Phylloquinone has also been detected in plasma membrane preparations of heterotrophic tissues with potential transmembrane redox function, but the molecular basis for this noncanonical pathway is unknown. Here we provide evidence of plasma membrane phylloquinone biosynthesis in a nonphotosynthetic Holoparasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca. A nonphotosynthetic and nonplastidial role for phylloquinone is supported by transcription of phylloquinone biosynthetic genes during seed germination and haustorium development, by plasma membrane-localization of alternative terminal enzymes, and by detection of phylloquinone in germinated seeds. Comparative gene network analysis with photosynthetically competent parasites revealed a bias of Phelipanche phylloquinone genes toward coexpression with oxidoreductases involved in plasma membrane electron transport. Genes encoding the plasma membrane phylloquinone pathway are also present in several photoautotrophic taxa of Asterids, suggesting an ancient origin of multifunctionality. Our findings suggest that nonphotosynthetic Holoparasites exploit alternative targeting of phylloquinone for transmembrane redox signaling associated with parasitism.