The Experts below are selected from a list of 4740 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Guy N. Cameron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of urbanization on herbaceous forest vegetation: the relative impacts of soil, geography, forest composition, human access, and an invasive shrub
Urban Ecosystems, 2015Co-Authors: Guy N. Cameron, Theresa M. Culley, Sarah E. Kolbe, Arnold I. Miller, Stephen F. MatterAbstract:We studied how degree of urbanization affected forest-floor herbs in deciduous forest along an urbanization gradient from west to east of Cincinnati, OH. We measured species diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in 16 30 × 30 m plots at two Urban, two Exurban, and two Wildland sites. Because the invasive shrub Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) negatively affects richness and abundance of native herbs, half of these plots contained Honeysuckle, except at the Wildland sites where Honeysuckle was absent. We used General Linear Models or Generalized Linear Mixed Models to determine the effect of edaphic, geographic, forest composition, human effects, and Honeysuckle variables on herbs and used model comparison techniques to identify those variables that significantly affected herbs. Human effects (e.g., proximity to roads) and geography (e.g., aspect, slope) were the most important factors affecting herb richness and abundance, and geography (e.g., elevation) was the most important factor affecting herb diversity. Honeysuckle (measured as diameter of primary stem) had no effect on diversity or richness of herbs, but positively affected herb abundance. Herb diversity did not vary significantly along the urbanization gradient, but higher herb richness and abundance in Exurban and Wildland sites along the urbanization gradient were associated with higher tree diversity, richness, and abundance, shallower slopes, greater distance to roads, and smaller Honeysuckle shrubs.
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Effects of urbanization on herbaceous forest vegetation: the relative impacts of soil, geography, forest composition, human access, and an invasive shrub
Urban Ecosystems, 2015Co-Authors: Guy N. Cameron, Theresa M. Culley, Sarah E. Kolbe, Arnold I. Miller, Stephen F. MatterAbstract:We studied how degree of urbanization affected forest-floor herbs in deciduous forest along an urbanization gradient from west to east of Cincinnati, OH. We measured species diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in 16 30 × 30 m plots at two Urban, two Exurban, and two Wildland sites. Because the invasive shrub Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) negatively affects richness and abundance of native herbs, half of these plots contained Honeysuckle, except at the Wildland sites where Honeysuckle was absent. We used General Linear Models or Generalized Linear Mixed Models to determine the effect of edaphic, geographic, forest composition, human effects, and Honeysuckle variables on herbs and used model comparison techniques to identify those variables that significantly affected herbs. Human effects (e.g., proximity to roads) and geography (e.g., aspect, slope) were the most important factors affecting herb richness and abundance, and geography (e.g., elevation) was the most important factor affecting herb diversity. Honeysuckle (measured as diameter of primary stem) had no effect on diversity or richness of herbs, but positively affected herb abundance. Herb diversity did not vary significantly along the urbanization gradient, but higher herb richness and abundance in Exurban and Wildland sites along the urbanization gradient were associated with higher tree diversity, richness, and abundance, shallower slopes, greater distance to roads, and smaller Honeysuckle shrubs.
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Individual and interactive effects of Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on herbs in a deciduous forest in the eastern United States
Biological Invasions, 2014Co-Authors: Cory C. Christopher, Stephen F. Matter, Guy N. CameronAbstract:Invasive Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) has reduced diversity, growth, and reproduction of native herbs in the Midwest USA. These effects may be compounded by browsing from overabundant white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ). We used experimental treatments of Honeysuckle (present, absent, removed) and deer (present, excluded) to measure their independent and interactive impacts on diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in a deciduous forest in southwestern Ohio, USA. Species diversity and richness of herbs were not affected by Honeysuckle or deer. Honeysuckle reduced abundance of annuals, graminoids, spring perennials, and summer perennials; deer decreased abundance of annuals and spring perennials, but increased abundance of graminoids. A deer × Honeysuckle interaction showed that when Honeysuckle was absent or removed, browsing by deer kept abundance of annuals and spring perennials low. Effects of Honeysuckle and deer also were assessed for the three most abundant herbs: Honeysuckle reduced abundance of Carex rosea and Sanicula odorata , and deer reduced abundance of Viola soraria . Herb abundance varied seasonally and annually. Honeysuckle and deer reduced number of leaves/stem of Maianthemum racemosum and a deer × Honeysuckle interaction indicated that the negative effect of Honeysuckle was released only when deer were excluded. Herb abundance and M. racemosum rebounded to or near to control levels after removal of Honeysuckle. Our findings revealed that impacts of invasive Honeysuckle or overabundant deer were not the same across all levels of biological organization (i.e., individual species, growth forms, community measures of species diversity/richness). Measuring impacts of these species at multiple levels of biological organization, considering deer × Honeysuckle interactions, and collecting data for several years to account for seasonal and annual fluctuations will help guide management plans. The rapid response by herbs to removal of Honeysuckle demonstrated the resilience of this community and is a hopeful sign for restoration of native understory herbs.
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Impact of the invasive shrub Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) on shrub-layer insects in a deciduous forest in the eastern United States
Biological Invasions, 2014Co-Authors: Jessica D. Loomis, Guy N. CameronAbstract:Invasive Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii) creates a dense shrub layer in deciduous forests in eastern North America that negatively impacts native herbs and tree seedlings. We predicted that higher vegetative cover caused by this shrub would increase abundance and diversity of insects and alter composition of insect assemblages. We used paired plots, one with and one without Honeysuckle, in ten forest locations in southwestern Ohio, USA, to sample insects and measure diversity and vertical cover of vegetation in the shrub layer. Vertical cover of this vegetation was higher on Honeysuckle-present plots, but diversity of shrub-layer vegetation did not differ between Honeysuckle-present and Honeysuckle-absent plots. Species diversity of Hexapoda, Coleoptera, and Psocoptera, richness of Hexapoda, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Psocoptera, and abundance of Hexapoda, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Psocoptera were higher on Honeysuckle-present than on Honeysuckle-absent plots. Evenness did not differ between Honeysuckle treatments. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling distinguished taxonomic composition in Honeysuckle-present plots from that in Honeysuckle-absent plots. Presence of vertical cover explained higher richness of Hexapoda and Coleoptera, and higher abundance of Hexapoda, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Psocoptera. Attributes of Honeysuckle, independent of its contribution to vertical cover, explained increases in richness of Hexapoda, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera and abundance of Hexapoda, Hymenopera, and Psocoptera. These attributes of Honeysuckle could include a more complex vegetative structure, a greater availability of resources such as food, detritus, or shelter, and/or a more favorable cooler and moister microenvironment. To more fully understand the mechanisms causing increased richness and abundance of insects in Honeysuckle-present areas, detailed studies on these attributes of Honeysuckle would be necessary.
Stephen F. Matter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quantification of Changes in Light and Temperature Associated with Invasive Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii)
The American Midland Naturalist, 2017Co-Authors: Haoyuan Chen, Stephen F. MatterAbstract:Biological invasion by nonnative species is considered one of the major threats to the global environment. Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) is a shrub introduced from Asia which has become invasive in Eastern deciduous forests of North America. An interesting aspect of the life-history of Amur Honeysuckle is its extended leaf phenology. It leafs out earlier in the spring than most native shrubs and understory trees and loses its leaves later in the fall. Thus, Amur Honeysuckle has the potential to alter the natural light environment and possibly impact native species, particularly spring ephemerals which are dependent on high light levels prior to canopy leaf-out. We tested the hypothesis that light levels are lower in sites with Amur Honeysuckle relative to sites with native forest understory and quantified differences between sites. We found that light levels were significantly lower under Amur Honeysuckle compared to natural understory, with the greatest reduction occurring during spring. Temperature at ground level was also lower under Amur Honeysuckle than under the natural understory during spring. The extended leaf phenology of Amur Honeysuckle alters both temperature and light intensity, which may increase both its success as an invader and its impact on native species.
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Effects of urbanization on herbaceous forest vegetation: the relative impacts of soil, geography, forest composition, human access, and an invasive shrub
Urban Ecosystems, 2015Co-Authors: Guy N. Cameron, Theresa M. Culley, Sarah E. Kolbe, Arnold I. Miller, Stephen F. MatterAbstract:We studied how degree of urbanization affected forest-floor herbs in deciduous forest along an urbanization gradient from west to east of Cincinnati, OH. We measured species diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in 16 30 × 30 m plots at two Urban, two Exurban, and two Wildland sites. Because the invasive shrub Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) negatively affects richness and abundance of native herbs, half of these plots contained Honeysuckle, except at the Wildland sites where Honeysuckle was absent. We used General Linear Models or Generalized Linear Mixed Models to determine the effect of edaphic, geographic, forest composition, human effects, and Honeysuckle variables on herbs and used model comparison techniques to identify those variables that significantly affected herbs. Human effects (e.g., proximity to roads) and geography (e.g., aspect, slope) were the most important factors affecting herb richness and abundance, and geography (e.g., elevation) was the most important factor affecting herb diversity. Honeysuckle (measured as diameter of primary stem) had no effect on diversity or richness of herbs, but positively affected herb abundance. Herb diversity did not vary significantly along the urbanization gradient, but higher herb richness and abundance in Exurban and Wildland sites along the urbanization gradient were associated with higher tree diversity, richness, and abundance, shallower slopes, greater distance to roads, and smaller Honeysuckle shrubs.
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Effects of urbanization on herbaceous forest vegetation: the relative impacts of soil, geography, forest composition, human access, and an invasive shrub
Urban Ecosystems, 2015Co-Authors: Guy N. Cameron, Theresa M. Culley, Sarah E. Kolbe, Arnold I. Miller, Stephen F. MatterAbstract:We studied how degree of urbanization affected forest-floor herbs in deciduous forest along an urbanization gradient from west to east of Cincinnati, OH. We measured species diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in 16 30 × 30 m plots at two Urban, two Exurban, and two Wildland sites. Because the invasive shrub Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) negatively affects richness and abundance of native herbs, half of these plots contained Honeysuckle, except at the Wildland sites where Honeysuckle was absent. We used General Linear Models or Generalized Linear Mixed Models to determine the effect of edaphic, geographic, forest composition, human effects, and Honeysuckle variables on herbs and used model comparison techniques to identify those variables that significantly affected herbs. Human effects (e.g., proximity to roads) and geography (e.g., aspect, slope) were the most important factors affecting herb richness and abundance, and geography (e.g., elevation) was the most important factor affecting herb diversity. Honeysuckle (measured as diameter of primary stem) had no effect on diversity or richness of herbs, but positively affected herb abundance. Herb diversity did not vary significantly along the urbanization gradient, but higher herb richness and abundance in Exurban and Wildland sites along the urbanization gradient were associated with higher tree diversity, richness, and abundance, shallower slopes, greater distance to roads, and smaller Honeysuckle shrubs.
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Individual and interactive effects of Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on herbs in a deciduous forest in the eastern United States
Biological Invasions, 2014Co-Authors: Cory C. Christopher, Stephen F. Matter, Guy N. CameronAbstract:Invasive Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) has reduced diversity, growth, and reproduction of native herbs in the Midwest USA. These effects may be compounded by browsing from overabundant white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ). We used experimental treatments of Honeysuckle (present, absent, removed) and deer (present, excluded) to measure their independent and interactive impacts on diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in a deciduous forest in southwestern Ohio, USA. Species diversity and richness of herbs were not affected by Honeysuckle or deer. Honeysuckle reduced abundance of annuals, graminoids, spring perennials, and summer perennials; deer decreased abundance of annuals and spring perennials, but increased abundance of graminoids. A deer × Honeysuckle interaction showed that when Honeysuckle was absent or removed, browsing by deer kept abundance of annuals and spring perennials low. Effects of Honeysuckle and deer also were assessed for the three most abundant herbs: Honeysuckle reduced abundance of Carex rosea and Sanicula odorata , and deer reduced abundance of Viola soraria . Herb abundance varied seasonally and annually. Honeysuckle and deer reduced number of leaves/stem of Maianthemum racemosum and a deer × Honeysuckle interaction indicated that the negative effect of Honeysuckle was released only when deer were excluded. Herb abundance and M. racemosum rebounded to or near to control levels after removal of Honeysuckle. Our findings revealed that impacts of invasive Honeysuckle or overabundant deer were not the same across all levels of biological organization (i.e., individual species, growth forms, community measures of species diversity/richness). Measuring impacts of these species at multiple levels of biological organization, considering deer × Honeysuckle interactions, and collecting data for several years to account for seasonal and annual fluctuations will help guide management plans. The rapid response by herbs to removal of Honeysuckle demonstrated the resilience of this community and is a hopeful sign for restoration of native understory herbs.
Cory C. Christopher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Individual and interactive effects of Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on herbs in a deciduous forest in the eastern United States
Biological Invasions, 2014Co-Authors: Cory C. Christopher, Stephen F. Matter, Guy N. CameronAbstract:Invasive Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) has reduced diversity, growth, and reproduction of native herbs in the Midwest USA. These effects may be compounded by browsing from overabundant white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ). We used experimental treatments of Honeysuckle (present, absent, removed) and deer (present, excluded) to measure their independent and interactive impacts on diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in a deciduous forest in southwestern Ohio, USA. Species diversity and richness of herbs were not affected by Honeysuckle or deer. Honeysuckle reduced abundance of annuals, graminoids, spring perennials, and summer perennials; deer decreased abundance of annuals and spring perennials, but increased abundance of graminoids. A deer × Honeysuckle interaction showed that when Honeysuckle was absent or removed, browsing by deer kept abundance of annuals and spring perennials low. Effects of Honeysuckle and deer also were assessed for the three most abundant herbs: Honeysuckle reduced abundance of Carex rosea and Sanicula odorata , and deer reduced abundance of Viola soraria . Herb abundance varied seasonally and annually. Honeysuckle and deer reduced number of leaves/stem of Maianthemum racemosum and a deer × Honeysuckle interaction indicated that the negative effect of Honeysuckle was released only when deer were excluded. Herb abundance and M. racemosum rebounded to or near to control levels after removal of Honeysuckle. Our findings revealed that impacts of invasive Honeysuckle or overabundant deer were not the same across all levels of biological organization (i.e., individual species, growth forms, community measures of species diversity/richness). Measuring impacts of these species at multiple levels of biological organization, considering deer × Honeysuckle interactions, and collecting data for several years to account for seasonal and annual fluctuations will help guide management plans. The rapid response by herbs to removal of Honeysuckle demonstrated the resilience of this community and is a hopeful sign for restoration of native understory herbs.
Arnold I. Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of urbanization on herbaceous forest vegetation: the relative impacts of soil, geography, forest composition, human access, and an invasive shrub
Urban Ecosystems, 2015Co-Authors: Guy N. Cameron, Theresa M. Culley, Sarah E. Kolbe, Arnold I. Miller, Stephen F. MatterAbstract:We studied how degree of urbanization affected forest-floor herbs in deciduous forest along an urbanization gradient from west to east of Cincinnati, OH. We measured species diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in 16 30 × 30 m plots at two Urban, two Exurban, and two Wildland sites. Because the invasive shrub Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) negatively affects richness and abundance of native herbs, half of these plots contained Honeysuckle, except at the Wildland sites where Honeysuckle was absent. We used General Linear Models or Generalized Linear Mixed Models to determine the effect of edaphic, geographic, forest composition, human effects, and Honeysuckle variables on herbs and used model comparison techniques to identify those variables that significantly affected herbs. Human effects (e.g., proximity to roads) and geography (e.g., aspect, slope) were the most important factors affecting herb richness and abundance, and geography (e.g., elevation) was the most important factor affecting herb diversity. Honeysuckle (measured as diameter of primary stem) had no effect on diversity or richness of herbs, but positively affected herb abundance. Herb diversity did not vary significantly along the urbanization gradient, but higher herb richness and abundance in Exurban and Wildland sites along the urbanization gradient were associated with higher tree diversity, richness, and abundance, shallower slopes, greater distance to roads, and smaller Honeysuckle shrubs.
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Effects of urbanization on herbaceous forest vegetation: the relative impacts of soil, geography, forest composition, human access, and an invasive shrub
Urban Ecosystems, 2015Co-Authors: Guy N. Cameron, Theresa M. Culley, Sarah E. Kolbe, Arnold I. Miller, Stephen F. MatterAbstract:We studied how degree of urbanization affected forest-floor herbs in deciduous forest along an urbanization gradient from west to east of Cincinnati, OH. We measured species diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in 16 30 × 30 m plots at two Urban, two Exurban, and two Wildland sites. Because the invasive shrub Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) negatively affects richness and abundance of native herbs, half of these plots contained Honeysuckle, except at the Wildland sites where Honeysuckle was absent. We used General Linear Models or Generalized Linear Mixed Models to determine the effect of edaphic, geographic, forest composition, human effects, and Honeysuckle variables on herbs and used model comparison techniques to identify those variables that significantly affected herbs. Human effects (e.g., proximity to roads) and geography (e.g., aspect, slope) were the most important factors affecting herb richness and abundance, and geography (e.g., elevation) was the most important factor affecting herb diversity. Honeysuckle (measured as diameter of primary stem) had no effect on diversity or richness of herbs, but positively affected herb abundance. Herb diversity did not vary significantly along the urbanization gradient, but higher herb richness and abundance in Exurban and Wildland sites along the urbanization gradient were associated with higher tree diversity, richness, and abundance, shallower slopes, greater distance to roads, and smaller Honeysuckle shrubs.
Sarah E. Kolbe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of urbanization on herbaceous forest vegetation: the relative impacts of soil, geography, forest composition, human access, and an invasive shrub
Urban Ecosystems, 2015Co-Authors: Guy N. Cameron, Theresa M. Culley, Sarah E. Kolbe, Arnold I. Miller, Stephen F. MatterAbstract:We studied how degree of urbanization affected forest-floor herbs in deciduous forest along an urbanization gradient from west to east of Cincinnati, OH. We measured species diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in 16 30 × 30 m plots at two Urban, two Exurban, and two Wildland sites. Because the invasive shrub Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) negatively affects richness and abundance of native herbs, half of these plots contained Honeysuckle, except at the Wildland sites where Honeysuckle was absent. We used General Linear Models or Generalized Linear Mixed Models to determine the effect of edaphic, geographic, forest composition, human effects, and Honeysuckle variables on herbs and used model comparison techniques to identify those variables that significantly affected herbs. Human effects (e.g., proximity to roads) and geography (e.g., aspect, slope) were the most important factors affecting herb richness and abundance, and geography (e.g., elevation) was the most important factor affecting herb diversity. Honeysuckle (measured as diameter of primary stem) had no effect on diversity or richness of herbs, but positively affected herb abundance. Herb diversity did not vary significantly along the urbanization gradient, but higher herb richness and abundance in Exurban and Wildland sites along the urbanization gradient were associated with higher tree diversity, richness, and abundance, shallower slopes, greater distance to roads, and smaller Honeysuckle shrubs.
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Effects of urbanization on herbaceous forest vegetation: the relative impacts of soil, geography, forest composition, human access, and an invasive shrub
Urban Ecosystems, 2015Co-Authors: Guy N. Cameron, Theresa M. Culley, Sarah E. Kolbe, Arnold I. Miller, Stephen F. MatterAbstract:We studied how degree of urbanization affected forest-floor herbs in deciduous forest along an urbanization gradient from west to east of Cincinnati, OH. We measured species diversity, richness, and abundance of herbs in 16 30 × 30 m plots at two Urban, two Exurban, and two Wildland sites. Because the invasive shrub Amur Honeysuckle ( Lonicera maackii ) negatively affects richness and abundance of native herbs, half of these plots contained Honeysuckle, except at the Wildland sites where Honeysuckle was absent. We used General Linear Models or Generalized Linear Mixed Models to determine the effect of edaphic, geographic, forest composition, human effects, and Honeysuckle variables on herbs and used model comparison techniques to identify those variables that significantly affected herbs. Human effects (e.g., proximity to roads) and geography (e.g., aspect, slope) were the most important factors affecting herb richness and abundance, and geography (e.g., elevation) was the most important factor affecting herb diversity. Honeysuckle (measured as diameter of primary stem) had no effect on diversity or richness of herbs, but positively affected herb abundance. Herb diversity did not vary significantly along the urbanization gradient, but higher herb richness and abundance in Exurban and Wildland sites along the urbanization gradient were associated with higher tree diversity, richness, and abundance, shallower slopes, greater distance to roads, and smaller Honeysuckle shrubs.