The Experts below are selected from a list of 121680 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Seyed Ali Hemati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative performance of the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera hubner lepidoptera noctuidae on various Host Plants
Journal of Pest Science, 2014Co-Authors: Jabraeil Razmjou, Bahram Naseri, Seyed Ali HematiAbstract:The effect of various Host Plants; chickpea (varieties Arman, Hashem, Azad and Binivich), bean varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), common bean (Khomein), white kidney bean (Dehghan), red kidney bean (Goli), cowpea (variety Mashhad) and tomato (variety Meshkin) on the life table parameters of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) were evaluated under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 5 % RH and a 16:8 h light:dark photoperiod). Records for larval period, pupal period, and development time of H. armigera were longest on tomato (24.9, 15.1, and 45.4 days, respectively) and shortest on chickpea Arman (17.5, 9.1, and 31.7 days, respectively). Among various Host Plants fecundity (total number of eggs laid per female) was highest (2,665 eggs) on chickpea Arman and the lowest (700 eggs) on tomato. The net reproductive rate (R0) was significantly affected by various Host Plants being highest on chickpea Arman (1,422) and lowest on tomato (111.3 females/female/generation). The highest and lowest intrinsic rates of natural increase (rm) were observed on chickpea Arman (0.244 day−1) and tomato (0.123 day−1) varieties, respectively. Cluster analysis of the life table parameters of H. armigera on various Host Plants indicated that tomato, in comparison to other Plants was an unsuitable Host to H. armigera.
Jabraeil Razmjou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative performance of the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera hubner lepidoptera noctuidae on various Host Plants
Journal of Pest Science, 2014Co-Authors: Jabraeil Razmjou, Bahram Naseri, Seyed Ali HematiAbstract:The effect of various Host Plants; chickpea (varieties Arman, Hashem, Azad and Binivich), bean varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), common bean (Khomein), white kidney bean (Dehghan), red kidney bean (Goli), cowpea (variety Mashhad) and tomato (variety Meshkin) on the life table parameters of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) were evaluated under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 5 % RH and a 16:8 h light:dark photoperiod). Records for larval period, pupal period, and development time of H. armigera were longest on tomato (24.9, 15.1, and 45.4 days, respectively) and shortest on chickpea Arman (17.5, 9.1, and 31.7 days, respectively). Among various Host Plants fecundity (total number of eggs laid per female) was highest (2,665 eggs) on chickpea Arman and the lowest (700 eggs) on tomato. The net reproductive rate (R0) was significantly affected by various Host Plants being highest on chickpea Arman (1,422) and lowest on tomato (111.3 females/female/generation). The highest and lowest intrinsic rates of natural increase (rm) were observed on chickpea Arman (0.244 day−1) and tomato (0.123 day−1) varieties, respectively. Cluster analysis of the life table parameters of H. armigera on various Host Plants indicated that tomato, in comparison to other Plants was an unsuitable Host to H. armigera.
Bahram Naseri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative performance of the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera hubner lepidoptera noctuidae on various Host Plants
Journal of Pest Science, 2014Co-Authors: Jabraeil Razmjou, Bahram Naseri, Seyed Ali HematiAbstract:The effect of various Host Plants; chickpea (varieties Arman, Hashem, Azad and Binivich), bean varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), common bean (Khomein), white kidney bean (Dehghan), red kidney bean (Goli), cowpea (variety Mashhad) and tomato (variety Meshkin) on the life table parameters of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) were evaluated under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 5 % RH and a 16:8 h light:dark photoperiod). Records for larval period, pupal period, and development time of H. armigera were longest on tomato (24.9, 15.1, and 45.4 days, respectively) and shortest on chickpea Arman (17.5, 9.1, and 31.7 days, respectively). Among various Host Plants fecundity (total number of eggs laid per female) was highest (2,665 eggs) on chickpea Arman and the lowest (700 eggs) on tomato. The net reproductive rate (R0) was significantly affected by various Host Plants being highest on chickpea Arman (1,422) and lowest on tomato (111.3 females/female/generation). The highest and lowest intrinsic rates of natural increase (rm) were observed on chickpea Arman (0.244 day−1) and tomato (0.123 day−1) varieties, respectively. Cluster analysis of the life table parameters of H. armigera on various Host Plants indicated that tomato, in comparison to other Plants was an unsuitable Host to H. armigera.
Silvia Perotto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tansley review no 82 strategies of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi when infecting Host Plants
New Phytologist, 1995Co-Authors: Paola Bonfante, Silvia PerottoAbstract:summary Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are ancient Zygomycetes, thought to have colonized the first land Plants; today, they are associated with the roots of about 80% of plant species. The symbiosis they form is potentially valuable not only for developmental programmes based on low-input agriculture, but also as a complex experimental model, where both fungal and Host plant growth are regulated. Here we review some recent progress m the area of cell and molecular biology of arbuscular mycorrhizas. Particular attention is given to strategies followed by AM fungi when, as obligate biotrophs, they establish a successful symbiosis with their Host Plants. Four topics are analysed: (i) parameters controlling fungal growth in the absence and presence of the Host root, Le. events of DNA replication and timing of the cell cycle; (ii) mechanical and enzymatic mechanisms which allow the fungus to colonize root tissues, maintaining Host viability; (iii) morphological changes induced by AM fungus Host cells and, in particular, the formation de novo of a subcellular compartment termed the interface, and (iv) modifications of plant gene expression during fungal colonization, including those involving structural, symbiotic and defence-related genes.
Toby E Kiers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fungal nutrient allocation in common mycorrhizal networks is regulated by the carbon source strength of individual Host Plants
New Phytologist, 2014Co-Authors: Carl R Fellbaum, Toby E Kiers, Jerry A Mensah, Adam J Cloos, Gary E Strahan, Philip E Pfeffer, Heike BuckingAbstract:Common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the soil simultaneously provide multiple Host Plants with nutrients, but the mechanisms by which the nutrient transport to individual Host Plants within one CMN is controlled are unknown. Using radioactive and stable isotopes, we followed the transport of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) in the CMNs of two fungal species to Plants that differed in their carbon (C) source strength, and correlated the transport to the expression of mycorrhiza-inducible plant P (MtPt4) and ammonium (1723.m00046) transporters in mycorrhizal roots. AM fungi discriminated between Host Plants that shared a CMN and preferentially allocated nutrients to high-quality (nonshaded) Hosts. However, the fungus also supplied low-quality (shaded) Hosts with nutrients and maintained a high colonization rate in these Plants. Fungal P transport was correlated to the expression of MtPt4. The expression of the putative ammonium transporter 1723.m00046 was dependent on the fungal nutrient supply and was induced when the CMN had access to N. Biological market theory has emerged as a tool with which the strategic investment of competing partners in trading networks can be studied. Our work demonstrates how fungal partners are able to retain bargaining power, despite being obligately dependent on their Hosts. © 2014 New Phytologist Trust.
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do fungivores trigger the transfer of protective metabolites from Host Plants to arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae
Ecology, 2013Co-Authors: Marie Duhamel, Astra Ooms, Heike Bucking, Jan Jansa, Jacintha Ellers, Nico M Van Straalen, Tjalf Wouda, Philippe Vandenkoornhuyse, Toby E KiersAbstract:A key objective in ecology is to understand how cooperative strategies evolve and are maintained in species networks. Here, we focus on the tri-trophic relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Host Plants, and fungivores to ask if Host Plants are able to protect their mutualistic mycorrhizal partners from being grazed. Specifically, we test whether secondary metabolites are transferred from Hosts to fungal partners to increase their defense against fungivores. We grew Plantago lanceolata Hosts with and without mycorrhizal inoculum, and in the presence or absence of fungivorous springtails. We then measured fungivore effects on Host biomass and mycorrhizal abundance (using quantitative PCR) in roots and soil. We used high-performance liquid chromatography to measure Host metabolites in roots, shoots, and hyphae, focusing on catalpol, aucubin, and verbascoside. Our most striking result was that the metabolite catalpol was consistently found in AM fungal hyphae in Host Plants exposed to fungivores. When fungivores were absent, catalpol was undetectable in hyphae. Our results highlight the potential for plant-mediated protection of the mycorrhizal hyphal network.
