The Experts below are selected from a list of 288 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rickard Ignell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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feeding induced changes in allatostatin a and short neuropeptide f in the antennal lobes affect odor mediated host seeking in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Peter Christ, Anna Reifenrath, Jorg Kahnt, Frank Hauser, Sharon R Hill, Joachim Schachtner, Rickard IgnellAbstract:Aedes aegypti is a model species in which the endogenous regulation of odor-mediated host seeking Behavior has received some attention. Sugar feeding and host seeking in female A. aegypti are transiently inhibited following a blood meal. This inhibition is partially mediated by short neuropeptide F (sNPF). The paired antennal lobes (ALs), as the first processing centers for olfactory information, has been shown to play a significant role in the neuropeptidergic regulation of odor-mediated Behaviors in insects. The expression of sNPF, along with other peptides in the ALs of A. aegypti, indicate parallel neuromodulatory systems that may affect olfactory processing. To identify neuropeptides involved in regulating the odor-mediated host seeking Behavior in A. aegypti, we use a semi-quantitative neuropeptidomic analysis of single ALs to analyze changes in the levels of five individual neuropeptides in response to different feeding regimes. Our results show that the level of sNPF-2, allatostatin-A-5 (AstA-5) and neuropeptide-like precursor-1-5 (NPLP-1-5), but not of tachykinin-related-peptides and SIFamide (SIFa), in the AL of female mosquitoes, changes 24 h and 48 h post-blood meal, and are dependent on prior access to sugar. To assess the role of these neuropeptides in modulating host seeking Behavior, when systemically injected individually, sNPF-2 and AstA-5 significantly reduced host seeking Behavior. However, only the injection of the binary mixture of the two neuropeptides lead to a host seeking inhibition similar to that observed in blood fed females. We conclude that modulation of the odor mediated host seeking Behavior of A. aegypti is likely regulated by a dual neuropeptidergic pathway acting in concert in the ALs.
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Influence of blood meal on the responsiveness of olfactory receptor neurons in antennal sensilla trichodea of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti
Journal of insect physiology, 2010Co-Authors: K.p. Siju, Sharon R Hill, Bill S. Hansson, Rickard IgnellAbstract:Abstract In female Aedes aegypti L. mosquitoes, a blood meal induces physiological and Behavioral changes. Previous studies have shown that olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) housed in grooved peg sensilla on the antennae of Ae. aegypti down-regulate their sensitivity to lactic acid, a key component driving Host-Seeking Behavior, which correlates with observed changes in the Host-Seeking Behavior of this species. In the present study, we performed electrophysiological recordings from the most abundant antennal sensillum type, sensilla trichodea. Our results indicate that the response spectra of ORNs contained within most trichoid sensilla do not change in response to blood feeding. However, we observe an increase in sensitivity to primarily indole and phenolic compounds in neurons housed within four of the five functional types of short blunt tipped II trichoid sensilla, both at 24 and 72 h post-blood feeding, which was more pronounced at 24 h than 72 h. Furthermore, sensitivity to undecanone, acetic acid and propionic acid was observed to increase 72 h post-blood meal. Considering the timing of these changes, we believe that these neurons may be involved in driving the orientation Behavior of female mosquitoes to oviposition sites, which are known to release these compounds.
Hirotaka Kanuka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of proboscis of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles stephensi in Host-Seeking Behavior
Parasites & Vectors, 2011Co-Authors: Emi Maekawa, Bryce Nelson, Aya Yoshimura, Hiroka Aonuma, Shinya Fukumoto, Fumio Tokunaga, Hirotaka KanukaAbstract:BackgroundThe proboscis is an essential head appendage in insects that processes gustatory code during food intake, particularly useful considering that blood-sucking arthropods routinely reach vessels under the host skin using this proboscis as a probe.ResultsHere, using an automated device able to quantify CO_2-activated thermo (35°C)-sensing Behavior of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi , we uncovered that the protruding proboscis of mosquitoes contributes unexpectedly to host identification from a distance. Ablation experiments indicated that not only antennae and maxillary palps, but also proboscis were required for the identification of pseudo-thermo targets. Furthermore, the function of the proboscis during this Behavior can be segregated from CO_2 detection required to evoke mosquito activation, suggesting that the proboscis of mosquitoes divide the proboscis into a "thermo-antenna" in addition to a "thermo-probe".ConclusionsOur findings support an emerging view with a possible role of proboscis as important equipment during Host-Seeking, and give us an insight into how these appendages likely evolved from a common origin in order to function as antenna organs.
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The role of proboscis of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles stephensi in Host-Seeking Behavior
Parasites & vectors, 2011Co-Authors: Emi Maekawa, Bryce Nelson, Aya Yoshimura, Hiroka Aonuma, Shinya Fukumoto, Fumio Tokunaga, Hirotaka KanukaAbstract:The proboscis is an essential head appendage in insects that processes gustatory code during food intake, particularly useful considering that blood-sucking arthropods routinely reach vessels under the host skin using this proboscis as a probe. Here, using an automated device able to quantify CO2-activated thermo (35°C)-sensing Behavior of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi, we uncovered that the protruding proboscis of mosquitoes contributes unexpectedly to host identification from a distance. Ablation experiments indicated that not only antennae and maxillary palps, but also proboscis were required for the identification of pseudo-thermo targets. Furthermore, the function of the proboscis during this Behavior can be segregated from CO2 detection required to evoke mosquito activation, suggesting that the proboscis of mosquitoes divide the proboscis into a "thermo-antenna" in addition to a "thermo-probe". Our findings support an emerging view with a possible role of proboscis as important equipment during Host-Seeking, and give us an insight into how these appendages likely evolved from a common origin in order to function as antenna organs.
Ricardo Castilloneyra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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host seeking Behavior and dispersal of triatoma infestans a vector of chagas disease under semi field conditions
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Ricardo Castilloneyra, Corentin M Barbu, Renzo Salazar, Katty Borrini, Cesar Naquira, Michael J LevyAbstract:Chagas disease affects millions of people in Latin America. The control of this vector-borne disease focuses on halting transmission by reducing or eliminating insect vector populations. Most transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, involves insects living within or very close to households and feeding mostly on domestic animals. As animal hosts can be intermittently present it is important to understand how host availability can modify transmission risk to humans and to characterize the Host-Seeking dispersal of triatomine vectors on a very fine scale. We used a semi-field system with motion-detection cameras to characterize the dispersal of Triatoma infestans, and compare the Behavior of vector populations in the constant presence of hosts (guinea pigs), and after the removal of the hosts. The emigration rate – net insect population decline in original refuge – following host removal was on average 19.7% of insects per 10 days compared to 10.2% in constant host populations (p = 0.029). However, dispersal of T. infestans occurred in both directions, towards and away from the initial location of the hosts. The majority of insects that moved towards the original location of guinea pigs remained there for 4 weeks. Oviposition and mortality were observed and analyzed in the context of insect dispersal, but only mortality was higher in the group where animal hosts were removed (p-value <0.01). We discuss different survival strategies associated with the observed Behavior and its implications for vector control. Removing domestic animals in infested areas increases vector dispersal from the first day of host removal. The implications of these patterns of vector dispersal in a field setting are not yet known but could result in movement towards human rooms.
Fan Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of La Crosse virus infection on the Host-Seeking Behavior and levels of two neurotransmitters in Aedes triseriatus
Parasites & Vectors, 2019Co-Authors: Fan Yang, Kevin Chan, Carlyle C. Brewster, Sally L. PaulsonAbstract:Background La Crosse virus (LACV) infection has been shown to manipulate the blood-feeding Behaviors of its main vector, Aedes triseriatus . Here, we investigated the effects of virus infection on serotonin and dopamine and their potential roles in Host-Seeking. In mosquitoes, serotonin depletion has been shown to interfere with blood-feeding but not Host-Seeking. Dopamine depletion does not affect either blood-feeding or Host-Seeking; elevations of dopamine, however, has been shown to inhibit Host-Seeking. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of LACV infection on the Host-Seeking Behavior of and neurotransmitter levels in Ae. triseriatus . Methods Host-Seeking Behavior was evaluated using a uni-port olfactometer and a membrane feeder assay. Levels of serotonin and dopamine in infected and control mosquito heads were measured using HPLC-ED. Results Infection with LACV significantly inhibited the activation and attraction of Ae. triseriatus females to a host. A higher proportion of uninfected Ae. triseriatus females were activated by the presence of a host compared to infected mosquitoes and more uninfected mosquitoes were full responders (95.7%) compared to infected ones (91.1%). However, infection with LACV did not significantly affect the landing, probing, or blood-feeding rates of female mosquitoes. LACV-infected mosquitoes had lower serotonin levels than controls (104.5 vs 138.3 pg/head) while the dopamine levels were not affected by infection status (282.3 vs 237 pg/head). Conclusions Our work suggests that virus-induced reduction of serotonin is related to previously reported blood-feeding alterations in LACV-infected mosquitoes and could lead to enhanced transmission and increased vectorial capacity. In addition, some aspects of Host-Seeking were inhibited by virus infection.
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effects of la crosse virus infection on the host seeking Behavior and levels of two neurotransmitters in aedes triseriatus
Parasites & Vectors, 2019Co-Authors: Fan Yang, Kevin Chan, Carlyle C. Brewster, Sally L. PaulsonAbstract:La Crosse virus (LACV) infection has been shown to manipulate the blood-feeding Behaviors of its main vector, Aedes triseriatus. Here, we investigated the effects of virus infection on serotonin and dopamine and their potential roles in Host-Seeking. In mosquitoes, serotonin depletion has been shown to interfere with blood-feeding but not Host-Seeking. Dopamine depletion does not affect either blood-feeding or Host-Seeking; elevations of dopamine, however, has been shown to inhibit Host-Seeking. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of LACV infection on the Host-Seeking Behavior of and neurotransmitter levels in Ae. triseriatus. Host-Seeking Behavior was evaluated using a uni-port olfactometer and a membrane feeder assay. Levels of serotonin and dopamine in infected and control mosquito heads were measured using HPLC-ED. Infection with LACV significantly inhibited the activation and attraction of Ae. triseriatus females to a host. A higher proportion of uninfected Ae. triseriatus females were activated by the presence of a host compared to infected mosquitoes and more uninfected mosquitoes were full responders (95.7%) compared to infected ones (91.1%). However, infection with LACV did not significantly affect the landing, probing, or blood-feeding rates of female mosquitoes. LACV-infected mosquitoes had lower serotonin levels than controls (104.5 vs 138.3 pg/head) while the dopamine levels were not affected by infection status (282.3 vs 237 pg/head). Our work suggests that virus-induced reduction of serotonin is related to previously reported blood-feeding alterations in LACV-infected mosquitoes and could lead to enhanced transmission and increased vectorial capacity. In addition, some aspects of Host-Seeking were inhibited by virus infection.
Sally L. Paulson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of La Crosse virus infection on the Host-Seeking Behavior and levels of two neurotransmitters in Aedes triseriatus
Parasites & Vectors, 2019Co-Authors: Fan Yang, Kevin Chan, Carlyle C. Brewster, Sally L. PaulsonAbstract:Background La Crosse virus (LACV) infection has been shown to manipulate the blood-feeding Behaviors of its main vector, Aedes triseriatus . Here, we investigated the effects of virus infection on serotonin and dopamine and their potential roles in Host-Seeking. In mosquitoes, serotonin depletion has been shown to interfere with blood-feeding but not Host-Seeking. Dopamine depletion does not affect either blood-feeding or Host-Seeking; elevations of dopamine, however, has been shown to inhibit Host-Seeking. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of LACV infection on the Host-Seeking Behavior of and neurotransmitter levels in Ae. triseriatus . Methods Host-Seeking Behavior was evaluated using a uni-port olfactometer and a membrane feeder assay. Levels of serotonin and dopamine in infected and control mosquito heads were measured using HPLC-ED. Results Infection with LACV significantly inhibited the activation and attraction of Ae. triseriatus females to a host. A higher proportion of uninfected Ae. triseriatus females were activated by the presence of a host compared to infected mosquitoes and more uninfected mosquitoes were full responders (95.7%) compared to infected ones (91.1%). However, infection with LACV did not significantly affect the landing, probing, or blood-feeding rates of female mosquitoes. LACV-infected mosquitoes had lower serotonin levels than controls (104.5 vs 138.3 pg/head) while the dopamine levels were not affected by infection status (282.3 vs 237 pg/head). Conclusions Our work suggests that virus-induced reduction of serotonin is related to previously reported blood-feeding alterations in LACV-infected mosquitoes and could lead to enhanced transmission and increased vectorial capacity. In addition, some aspects of Host-Seeking were inhibited by virus infection.
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effects of la crosse virus infection on the host seeking Behavior and levels of two neurotransmitters in aedes triseriatus
Parasites & Vectors, 2019Co-Authors: Fan Yang, Kevin Chan, Carlyle C. Brewster, Sally L. PaulsonAbstract:La Crosse virus (LACV) infection has been shown to manipulate the blood-feeding Behaviors of its main vector, Aedes triseriatus. Here, we investigated the effects of virus infection on serotonin and dopamine and their potential roles in Host-Seeking. In mosquitoes, serotonin depletion has been shown to interfere with blood-feeding but not Host-Seeking. Dopamine depletion does not affect either blood-feeding or Host-Seeking; elevations of dopamine, however, has been shown to inhibit Host-Seeking. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of LACV infection on the Host-Seeking Behavior of and neurotransmitter levels in Ae. triseriatus. Host-Seeking Behavior was evaluated using a uni-port olfactometer and a membrane feeder assay. Levels of serotonin and dopamine in infected and control mosquito heads were measured using HPLC-ED. Infection with LACV significantly inhibited the activation and attraction of Ae. triseriatus females to a host. A higher proportion of uninfected Ae. triseriatus females were activated by the presence of a host compared to infected mosquitoes and more uninfected mosquitoes were full responders (95.7%) compared to infected ones (91.1%). However, infection with LACV did not significantly affect the landing, probing, or blood-feeding rates of female mosquitoes. LACV-infected mosquitoes had lower serotonin levels than controls (104.5 vs 138.3 pg/head) while the dopamine levels were not affected by infection status (282.3 vs 237 pg/head). Our work suggests that virus-induced reduction of serotonin is related to previously reported blood-feeding alterations in LACV-infected mosquitoes and could lead to enhanced transmission and increased vectorial capacity. In addition, some aspects of Host-Seeking were inhibited by virus infection.