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Shonali Pachauri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Household Energy transition in india and china
Energy Policy, 2008Co-Authors: Shonali Pachauri, Leiwen JiangAbstract:Both India and China are countries in Energy transition. This paper compares the Household Energy transitions in these nations through the analysis of both aggregate statistics and nationally representative Household surveys. The two countries differ sharply in several respects. Residential Energy consumption in China is twice that in India, in aggregate terms. In addition, Chinese Households have almost universal access to electricity, while in India almost half of rural Households and 10% of urban Households still lack access. On aggregate, urban Households in China also derive a larger share of their total Energy from liquid fuels and grids (77%) as compared to urban Indian Households (65%). Yet, at every income level, Indians derive a slightly larger fraction of their total Household Energy needs from liquid and grid sources of Energy than Chinese with comparable incomes. Despite these differences, trends in Energy use and the factors influencing a transition to modern Energy in both nations are similar. Compared with rural Households, urban Households in both nations consume a disproportionately large share of commercial Energy and are much further along in the transition to modern Energy. However, total Energy consumption in rural Households exceeds that in urban Households, because of a continued dependence on inefficient solid fuels, which contribute to over 85% of rural Household Energy needs in both countries. In addition to urbanisation, key drivers of the transition in both nations include income, Energy prices, Energy access and local fuel availability.
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an analysis of cross sectional variations in total Household Energy requirements in india using micro survey data
Energy Policy, 2004Co-Authors: Shonali PachauriAbstract:Abstract Using micro level Household survey data from India, we analyse the variation in the pattern and quantum of Household Energy requirements, both direct and indirect, and the factors causing such variation. An econometric analysis using Household survey data from India for the year 1993–1994 reveals that Household socio-economic, demographic, geographic, family and dwelling attributes influence the total Household Energy requirements. There are also large variations in the pattern of Energy requirements across Households belonging to different expenditure classes. Results from the econometric estimation show that total Household expenditure or income level is the most important explanatory variable causing variation in Energy requirements across Households. In addition, the size of the Household dwelling and the age of the head of the Household are related to higher Household Energy requirements. In contrast, the number of members in the Household and literacy of the head are associated with lower Household Energy requirements.
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Total and average Household Energy requirements
An Energy Analysis of Household Consumption, 1Co-Authors: Shonali PachauriAbstract:The chapter begins with an introduction to the concept of Energy requirements of Households and related literature on this topic. A discussion of the methodology used for calculating total Household Energy requirements for India using national level data on private final consumption expenditures, and the calculated primary Energy intensities of producing sectors that were presented in the last chapter, follows. After briefly introducing some of the terminology and the data sources used for the analysis, results relating to total, direct and indirect Energy requirements per capita, and for total Energy requirements of all Households in India are presented. In Sect. 4.4, the relative importance of the main drivers of the observed changes in Household Energy requirements over the study period are determined using a decomposition analysis for changes in both the total as well as in each of the major categories of indirect Energy requirement. Finally, some comparisons of the results of this study are made with previous studies.
Jan Gilbertson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The impact of Household Energy efficiency measures on health: A meta-analysis
Energy Policy, 2014Co-Authors: Christopher D. Maidment, Christopher R. Jones, Thomas L. Webb, E. Abigail Hathway, Jan GilbertsonAbstract:It is widely accepted that interventions designed to promote Household Energy efficiency, like insulation, central heating and double glazing, can help to reduce cold-related illnesses and associated stress by making it easier for residents to keep their homes warm. However, these interventions may also have a detrimental effect on health. For example, the materials used or lower ventilation rates could result in poorer indoor air quality. The present research sought to systematically quantify the impact of Household Energy efficiency measures on health and wellbeing. Thirty-six studies, involving more than 33,000 participants were meta-analysed. Effect sizes (d) ranged from −0.43 (a negative impact on health) to 1.41 (a substantial positive impact on health), with an overall sample-weighted average effect size (d+) of 0.08. On average, therefore, Household Energy efficiency interventions led to a small but significant improvement in the health of residents. The findings are discussed in the context of the health improvements experienced by different groups of participants and the study design factors that influence health outcomes. The need for future studies to investigate the long term health benefits of interventions designed to promote Household Energy efficiency is identified.
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The impact of Household Energy efficiency measures on health: A meta-analysis
Energy Policy, 2014Co-Authors: Christopher D. Maidment, Christopher R. Jones, Thomas L. Webb, E. Abigail Hathway, Jan GilbertsonAbstract:Thirty-six studies, with over 33,000 participants, were meta-analysed. The sample-weighted average effect was d þ ¼0.08. Energy efficiency interventions, therefore, had a small, positive effect on health. Participants with low incomes saw greater benefits. Larger effects were found in more recent studies and where medical tests were used. a b s t r a c t It is widely accepted that interventions designed to promote Household Energy efficiency, like insulation, central heating and double glazing, can help to reduce cold-related illnesses and associated stress by making it easier for residents to keep their homes warm. However, these interventions may also have a detrimental effect on health. For example, the materials used or lower ventilation rates could result in poorer indoor air quality. The present research sought to systematically quantify the impact of Household Energy efficiency measures on health and wellbeing. Thirty-six studies, involving more than 33,000 participants were meta-analysed. Effect sizes (d) ranged from A 0.43 (a negative impact on health) to 1.41 (a substantial positive impact on health), with an overall sample-weighted average effect size (d þ) of 0.08. On average, therefore, Household Energy efficiency interventions led to a small but significant improvement in the health of residents. The findings are discussed in the context of the health improvements experienced by different groups of participants and the study design factors that influence health outcomes. The need for future studies to investigate the long term health benefits of interventions designed to promote Household Energy efficiency is identified.
Leiwen Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Household Energy transition in india and china
Energy Policy, 2008Co-Authors: Shonali Pachauri, Leiwen JiangAbstract:Both India and China are countries in Energy transition. This paper compares the Household Energy transitions in these nations through the analysis of both aggregate statistics and nationally representative Household surveys. The two countries differ sharply in several respects. Residential Energy consumption in China is twice that in India, in aggregate terms. In addition, Chinese Households have almost universal access to electricity, while in India almost half of rural Households and 10% of urban Households still lack access. On aggregate, urban Households in China also derive a larger share of their total Energy from liquid fuels and grids (77%) as compared to urban Indian Households (65%). Yet, at every income level, Indians derive a slightly larger fraction of their total Household Energy needs from liquid and grid sources of Energy than Chinese with comparable incomes. Despite these differences, trends in Energy use and the factors influencing a transition to modern Energy in both nations are similar. Compared with rural Households, urban Households in both nations consume a disproportionately large share of commercial Energy and are much further along in the transition to modern Energy. However, total Energy consumption in rural Households exceeds that in urban Households, because of a continued dependence on inefficient solid fuels, which contribute to over 85% of rural Household Energy needs in both countries. In addition to urbanisation, key drivers of the transition in both nations include income, Energy prices, Energy access and local fuel availability.
Shufeng Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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study on sustainable development of rural Household Energy in northern china
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2008Co-Authors: Zhongren Zhou, Qun Chen, Shufeng ChenAbstract:Abstract The status of rural Household Energy consumption plays an important role in farmers’ daily life, especially in developing countries or regions. Here, we review the evolution of the rural Household Energy consumption structure in northern China from 1996 to 2005. Studies indicate that the proportion of straw, firewood, and coal consumption in total Energy consumption have remained at 88.8–91.0%, whereas the proportion of high-quality commercial Energy and modern renewable Energy is still very low. The main challenges for the sustainable development of rural Household Energy supply are an unreasonable Energy consumption structure, low-Energy efficiency, serious environmental degradation, a large gap in Energy supply among regions, and difficulty in developing renewable Energy. We suggest some countermeasures to overcome the obstacles involved in the sustainable development of rural Household Energy in northern China, from Energy sources to sociopolitical policies.
Christopher D. Maidment - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The impact of Household Energy efficiency measures on health: A meta-analysis
Energy Policy, 2014Co-Authors: Christopher D. Maidment, Christopher R. Jones, Thomas L. Webb, E. Abigail Hathway, Jan GilbertsonAbstract:It is widely accepted that interventions designed to promote Household Energy efficiency, like insulation, central heating and double glazing, can help to reduce cold-related illnesses and associated stress by making it easier for residents to keep their homes warm. However, these interventions may also have a detrimental effect on health. For example, the materials used or lower ventilation rates could result in poorer indoor air quality. The present research sought to systematically quantify the impact of Household Energy efficiency measures on health and wellbeing. Thirty-six studies, involving more than 33,000 participants were meta-analysed. Effect sizes (d) ranged from −0.43 (a negative impact on health) to 1.41 (a substantial positive impact on health), with an overall sample-weighted average effect size (d+) of 0.08. On average, therefore, Household Energy efficiency interventions led to a small but significant improvement in the health of residents. The findings are discussed in the context of the health improvements experienced by different groups of participants and the study design factors that influence health outcomes. The need for future studies to investigate the long term health benefits of interventions designed to promote Household Energy efficiency is identified.
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The impact of Household Energy efficiency measures on health: A meta-analysis
Energy Policy, 2014Co-Authors: Christopher D. Maidment, Christopher R. Jones, Thomas L. Webb, E. Abigail Hathway, Jan GilbertsonAbstract:Thirty-six studies, with over 33,000 participants, were meta-analysed. The sample-weighted average effect was d þ ¼0.08. Energy efficiency interventions, therefore, had a small, positive effect on health. Participants with low incomes saw greater benefits. Larger effects were found in more recent studies and where medical tests were used. a b s t r a c t It is widely accepted that interventions designed to promote Household Energy efficiency, like insulation, central heating and double glazing, can help to reduce cold-related illnesses and associated stress by making it easier for residents to keep their homes warm. However, these interventions may also have a detrimental effect on health. For example, the materials used or lower ventilation rates could result in poorer indoor air quality. The present research sought to systematically quantify the impact of Household Energy efficiency measures on health and wellbeing. Thirty-six studies, involving more than 33,000 participants were meta-analysed. Effect sizes (d) ranged from A 0.43 (a negative impact on health) to 1.41 (a substantial positive impact on health), with an overall sample-weighted average effect size (d þ) of 0.08. On average, therefore, Household Energy efficiency interventions led to a small but significant improvement in the health of residents. The findings are discussed in the context of the health improvements experienced by different groups of participants and the study design factors that influence health outcomes. The need for future studies to investigate the long term health benefits of interventions designed to promote Household Energy efficiency is identified.