The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jeremy D Bailoo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of weaning age and Housing Conditions on phenotypic differences in mice
Scientific Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Jeremy D Bailoo, Bernhard Voelkl, Justin Adam Varholick, Janja Novak, Eimear Murphy, Marianna Rosso, Rupert PalmeAbstract:Poor reproducibility is considered a serious problem in laboratory animal research, with important scientific, economic, and ethical implications. One possible source of conflicting findings in laboratory animal research are environmental differences between animal facilities combined with rigorous environmental standardization within studies. Due to phenotypic plasticity, study-specific differences in environmental Conditions during development can induce differences in the animals' responsiveness to experimental treatments, thereby contributing to poor reproducibility of experimental results. Here, we studied how variation in weaning age (14-30 days) and Housing Conditions (single versus group Housing) affects the phenotype of SWISS mice as measured by a range of behavioral and physiological outcome variables. Weaning age, Housing Conditions, and their interaction had little effect on the development of stereotypies, as well as on body weight, glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations, and behavior in the elevated plus-maze and open field test. These results are surprising and partly in conflict with previously published findings, especially with respect to the effects of early weaning. Our results thus question the external validity of previous findings and call for further research to identify the sources of variation between replicate studies and study designs that produce robust and reproducible experimental results.
Katherine P Theall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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safe living the impact of unstable Housing Conditions on hiv risk reduction among female drug users
Aids and Behavior, 2007Co-Authors: Kirk W Elifson, Claire E Sterk, Katherine P TheallAbstract:The objectives of this article are to explore differences in HIV risk behaviors and subsequent risk reduction among female drug users based on their Housing Conditions. In addition, we investigate psychosocial characteristics as mediators. Data were collected from 336 adult women. Structured interviews were conducted at baseline and at 6-month follow-up. At baseline, women with unstable Housing Conditions reported higher levels of HIV drug and sex-related HIV risk behavior. In addition, their levels of behavioral change over time were lower. The findings also show the importance of expanding the stable Housing condition into two categories thereby distinguishing between a woman’s own and someone else’s place. None of the mediating factors were statistically significant and there was no moderation by intervention condition. The findings suggest that unstable Housing Conditions form a structural barrier to HIV risk reduction irrespective of the message. Future interventions should consider such Conditions and the larger social context of the women’s lives.
S Frankel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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childhood Housing Conditions and later mortality in the boyd orr cohort
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2001Co-Authors: D Dedman, David Gunnell, Davey G Smith, S FrankelAbstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES—To examine associations between five measures of Housing Conditions during childhood and subsequent mortality from all causes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer. DESIGN—Historical cohort study. SETTING—Data on Housing Conditions were collected from survey centres in 16 areas of England and Scotland. PARTICIPANTS—Children of families participating in the Carnegie Survey of Family Diet and Health in pre-war Britain (1937-1939). Analyses are based on a subset of 4168 people who were traced and alive on 1 January 1948. MAIN RESULTS—Poorer Housing Conditions were generally associated with increased adult mortality. After adjustment for childhood and adult socioeconomic factors, statistically significant associations were only found between lack of private indoor tapped water supply and increased mortality from coronary heart disease (hazard ratio 1.73, (95% CI 1.13, 2.64); and between poor ventilation and overall mortality (hazard ratio for people from households with poorest ventilation relative to best ventilation 1.30, 95% CI 0.97, 1.74). CONCLUSIONS—This study provides evidence that associations between Housing Conditions in childhood and mortality from common diseases in adulthood are not strong, but are in some respects distinguishable from those of social deprivation. Keywords: Housing; mortality
Rupert Palme - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of weaning age and Housing Conditions on phenotypic differences in mice
Scientific Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Jeremy D Bailoo, Bernhard Voelkl, Justin Adam Varholick, Janja Novak, Eimear Murphy, Marianna Rosso, Rupert PalmeAbstract:Poor reproducibility is considered a serious problem in laboratory animal research, with important scientific, economic, and ethical implications. One possible source of conflicting findings in laboratory animal research are environmental differences between animal facilities combined with rigorous environmental standardization within studies. Due to phenotypic plasticity, study-specific differences in environmental Conditions during development can induce differences in the animals' responsiveness to experimental treatments, thereby contributing to poor reproducibility of experimental results. Here, we studied how variation in weaning age (14-30 days) and Housing Conditions (single versus group Housing) affects the phenotype of SWISS mice as measured by a range of behavioral and physiological outcome variables. Weaning age, Housing Conditions, and their interaction had little effect on the development of stereotypies, as well as on body weight, glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations, and behavior in the elevated plus-maze and open field test. These results are surprising and partly in conflict with previously published findings, especially with respect to the effects of early weaning. Our results thus question the external validity of previous findings and call for further research to identify the sources of variation between replicate studies and study designs that produce robust and reproducible experimental results.
Justin Adam Varholick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of weaning age and Housing Conditions on phenotypic differences in mice
Scientific Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Jeremy D Bailoo, Bernhard Voelkl, Justin Adam Varholick, Janja Novak, Eimear Murphy, Marianna Rosso, Rupert PalmeAbstract:Poor reproducibility is considered a serious problem in laboratory animal research, with important scientific, economic, and ethical implications. One possible source of conflicting findings in laboratory animal research are environmental differences between animal facilities combined with rigorous environmental standardization within studies. Due to phenotypic plasticity, study-specific differences in environmental Conditions during development can induce differences in the animals' responsiveness to experimental treatments, thereby contributing to poor reproducibility of experimental results. Here, we studied how variation in weaning age (14-30 days) and Housing Conditions (single versus group Housing) affects the phenotype of SWISS mice as measured by a range of behavioral and physiological outcome variables. Weaning age, Housing Conditions, and their interaction had little effect on the development of stereotypies, as well as on body weight, glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations, and behavior in the elevated plus-maze and open field test. These results are surprising and partly in conflict with previously published findings, especially with respect to the effects of early weaning. Our results thus question the external validity of previous findings and call for further research to identify the sources of variation between replicate studies and study designs that produce robust and reproducible experimental results.
