The Experts below are selected from a list of 312 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Ian Roberts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Human Albumin solution for resuscitation and volume expansion in critically ill patients
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2011
    Co-Authors: Ian Roberts, Karen Blackhall, Phil Alderson, Frances Bunn, Gillian Schierhout
    Abstract:

    Background Human Albumin solutions are used in a range of medical and surgical problems. Licensed indications are the emergency treatment of shock and other conditions where restoration of blood volume is urgent, burns, and hypoproteinaemia. Human Albumin solutions are more expensive than other colloids and crystalloids.

  • Human Albumin solution for resuscitation and volume expansion in critically ill patients
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2011
    Co-Authors: Ian Roberts, Karen Blackhall, Phil Alderson, Frances Bunn, Gillian Schierhout
    Abstract:

    Copyright John Wiley & Sons. This review is published as a Cochrane Review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2002, Issue 4. Cochrane Reviews are regularly updated as new evidence emerges and in response to comments and criticisms, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews should be consulted for the most recent version of the Review.’ Alderson, P. , Bunn, F. , Lefebvre, C. , Li, L. , Roberts, I. and Schierhout, G. Human Albumin solution for resuscitation and volume expansion in critically ill patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2002, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD001208. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001208.pub2

  • Human Albumin administration in critically ill patients systematic review of randomised controlled trials
    1998
    Co-Authors: Cochrane Injuries, Ian Roberts
    Abstract:

    Objective: To quantify effect on mortality of administering Human Albumin or plasma protein fraction during management of critically ill patients. Design: Systematic review of randomised controlled trials comparing administration of Albumin or plasma protein fraction with no administration or with administration of crystalloid solution in critically ill patients with hypovolaemia, burns, or hypoAlbuminaemia. Subjects: 30 randomised controlled trials including 1419 randomised patients. Main outcome measure: Mortality from all causes at end of follow up for each trial. Results: For each patient category the risk of death in the Albumin treated group was higher than in the comparison group. For hypovolaemia the relative risk of death after Albumin administration was 1.46 (95% confidence interval 0.97 to 2.22), for burns the relative risk was 2.40 (1.11 to 5.19), and for hypoAlbuminaemia it was 1.69 (1.07 to 2.67). Pooled relative risk of death with Albumin administration was 1.68 (1.26 to 2.23). Pooled difference in the risk of death with Albumin was 6% (95% confidence interval 3% to 9%) with a fixed effects model. These data suggest that for every 17 critically ill patients treated with Albumin there is one additional death. Conclusions: There is no evidence that Albumin administration reduces mortality in critically ill patients with hypovolaemia, burns, or hypoAlbuminaemia and a strong suggestion that it may increase mortality. These data suggest that use of Human Albumin in critically ill patients should be urgently reviewed and that it should not be used outside the context of rigorously conducted, randomised controlled trials.

Gillian Schierhout - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jerald L Cohen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • phase iii multicenter trial comparing the efficacy of 2 dodecafluoropentane emulsion echogen and sonicated 5 Human Albumin albunex as ultrasound contrast agents in patients with suboptimal echocardiograms
    Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Paul A Grayburn, James L Weiss, Terrence C Hack, Elizabeth Klodas, Joel S Raichlen, Manni A Vannan, Allan L Klein, Dalane W Kitzman, Steven G Chrysant, Jerald L Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Objectives. This study was performed to compare the safety and efficacy of intravenous 2% dodecafluoropentane (DDFP) emulsion (EchoGen) with that of active control (sonicated Human Albumin [Albunex]) for left ventricular (LV) cavity opacification in adult patients with a suboptimal echocardiogram. Background. The development of new fluorocarbon-based echocardiographic contrast agents such as DDFP has allowed opacification of the left ventricle after peripheral venous injection. We hypothesized that DDFP was clinically superior to the Food and Drug Administration–approved active control. Methods. This was a Phase III, multicenter, single-blind, active controlled trial. Sequential intravenous injections of active control and DDFP were given 30 min apart to 254 patients with a suboptimal echocardiogram, defined as one in which the endocardial borders were not visible in at least two segments in either the apical two- or four-chamber views. Studies were interpreted in blinded manner by two readers and the investigators. Results. Full or intermediate LV cavity opacification was more frequently observed after DDFP than after active control (78% vs. 31% for reader A; 69% vs. 34% for reader B; 83% vs. 55% for the investigators, p Conclusions. This Phase III multicenter trial demonstrates that DDFP is superior to sonicated Human Albumin for LV cavity opacification, endocardial border definition, duration of effect, salvage of suboptimal echocardiograms, diagnostic confidence and potential to influence patient management. The two agents had similar safety profiles.

Yong Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • differentiation and transplantation of Human embryonic stem cell derived hepatocytes
    Gastroenterology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Hesham Basma, Toshiyuki Yamamoto, Alejandro Sotogutierrez, Govardhana Rao Yannam, Liping Liu, Ryotaro Ito, Ewa Ellis, Steven D Carson, Shintaro Sato, Yong Chen
    Abstract:

    Background & Aims The ability to obtain unlimited numbers of Human hepatocytes would improve the development of cell-based therapies for liver diseases, facilitate the study of liver biology, and improve the early stages of drug discovery. Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, potentially can differentiate into any cell type, and therefore could be developed as a source of Human hepatocytes. Methods To generate Human hepatocytes, Human embryonic stem cells were differentiated by sequential culture in fibroblast growth factor 2 and Human activin-A, hepatocyte growth factor, and dexamethasone. Functional hepatocytes were isolated by sorting for surface asialoglycoprotein-receptor expression. Characterization was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, immunoblot, functional assays, and transplantation. Results Embryonic stem cell–derived hepatocytes expressed liver-specific genes, but not genes representing other lineages, secreted functional Human liver–specific proteins similar to those of primary Human hepatocytes, and showed Human hepatocyte cytochrome P450 metabolic activity. Serum from rodents given injections of embryonic stem cell–derived hepatocytes contained significant amounts of Human Albumin and α1-antitrypsin. Colonies of cytokeratin-18 and Human Albumin–expressing cells were present in the livers of recipient animals. Conclusions Human embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into cells with many characteristics of primary Human hepatocytes. Hepatocyte-like cells can be enriched and recovered based on asialoglycoprotein-receptor expression and potentially could be used in drug discovery research and developed as therapeutics.

Atsushi Azumaguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.