The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Peter Fleming - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the Human Capital hoax work debt and insecurity in the era of uberization
    Organization Studies, 2017
    Co-Authors: Peter Fleming
    Abstract:

    Human Capital Theory – developed by neoclassical economists like Gary Becker and Theodore Schultz – is widely considered a useful way to explain how employees might enhance their value in organizations, leading to improved skill, autonomy and socio-economic wellbeing. This essay argues the opposite. Human Capital Theory implies that employees should bear the costs (and benefits) of their investment. Highly individualized training and work practices are an inevitable corollary. Self-employment, portfolio careers, the ‘gig economy’ and on-demand business models (including Uber and Deliveroo) faithfully reflect the assumptions that inform Human Capital Theory. I term this the radical responsibilization of the workforce and link it to growing economic insecurity, low productivity, diminished autonomy and worrying levels of personal debt. The essay concludes by proposing some possible solutions.

  • the Human Capital hoax work debt and insecurity in the era of uberization
    Organization Studies, 2017
    Co-Authors: Peter Fleming
    Abstract:

    Human Capital Theory – developed by neoclassical economists like Gary Becker and Theodore Schultz – is widely considered a useful way to explain how employees might enhance their value in organizat...

Michael J Hilmer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Human Capital attainment university quality and entry level wages for college transfer students
    Southern Economic Journal, 2002
    Co-Authors: Michael J Hilmer
    Abstract:

    1. Introduction The U.S. higher education population is highly mobile. Tinto (1987) finds that roughly 35% of college graduates from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 graduate from a different institution than the one they first attend. Recent evidence suggests that the percentage of college attendees choosing to transfer is on the rise. For instance, a U.S. Department of Education survey of 1992 college graduates finds that over half of the roughly 11,000 students interviewed had attended more than one institution during their college careers (National Center for Education Statistics 1996). Despite their obvious place in American higher education, very little is known about college transfer students. The economics of higher education literature has devoted much attention to the economic returns to college attendance and the causes and consequences of college dropouts. Within the vast literature, however, the transfer student has largely been neglected. This is particularly regrettable, as transfer students present the researcher with additional, potentially valuable information that nontransfers do not. In particular, transfer students will have taken courses at more than one quality institution. This fact can possibly be exploited to provide insight into the role of Human Capital accumulation in determining a student's postgraduation earnings. A common problem in the economics of higher education literature is that the well-known positive return to the quality of university from which a student graduates is predicted by both Human Capital and screening theories (for a more detailed discussion, see Weiss 1995). Much of this confusion may be based on the fact that previous studies have focused only on graduation quality. While such an approach is accurate for nontransfers, it is not accurate for transfer students. Transfer students clearly complete courses at institutions that are of different qualities. The Human Capital Theory has implications for the predicted returns to initial quality and tenure for transfer students, while the screening Theory does not. Thus, the returns to initial quality and tenure may be used to generate some idea which model more accurately describes the role of educational attainment in determining a student's entry-level earnings. This study is one of the first to separately examine the economic returns to college attendance for transfer students. In particular, I focus on the returns to quality and educational tenure at institutions other than the one from which a transfer student graduates and ask what implications such values have for Human Capital Theory. A theoretical discussion describes how the educational experiences of college transfer students can be used to address the role of Human Capital accumulation in determining a college graduate's entry-level earnings. Specifically, to be consistent with Human Capital Theory, the quality of all institutions attended should have positive effects on future earnings, while the length of time spent at each institution is uncertain. The longitudinal nature of the data set analyzed allows me to improve the efficiency of my estimates by employing panel data techniques. Using random effects generalized least squares (GLS), I find significant, positive, and statistically similar returns to both initial and graduation quality and insignificant effects for both initial and graduation tenure. In other words, by finding that both initial and graduation quality have significant positive effects on future earnings, the results can be considered consistent with the predictions of the Human Capital Theory. 2. Theory To frame the empirical work here, I start by developing a simple model of college choice. In choosing a college, the prospective student has thousands of options to consider. This choice set will differ for each student as it is limited to only those colleges to which he or she is able to gain admission. …

  • Human Capital attainment university quality and entry level wages for college transfer students
    Social Science Research Network, 1999
    Co-Authors: Michael J Hilmer
    Abstract:

    This paper examines the returns to institutional quality for college transfer students and asks whether the additional information provided by such students provides insight into the role of Human Capital accumulation in determining a college graduate's entry-level earnings. The quality of university from which a transfer student graduates has a positive effect on his or her future earnings. However, the quality of university initially attended has an insignificant negative effect. Such evidence suggests that a student's entry-level earnings depend only on graduation quality and not on the quality of education received throughout college and are thus more consistent with the screening Theory ("sheepskin effects") than with Human Capital Theory.

Ludger Woessmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the effect of protestantism on education before the industrialization evidence from 1816 prussia
    Economics Letters, 2010
    Co-Authors: Sascha O Becker, Ludger Woessmann
    Abstract:

    Across Prussian counties and towns, Protestantism led to more schooling already in 1816, before the Industrial Revolution. This supports a Human Capital Theory of Protestant economic history and rules out a Weberian explanation of Protestant education just resulting from industrialization.

  • was weber wrong a Human Capital Theory of protestant economic history
    Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sascha O Becker, Ludger Woessmann
    Abstract:

    Max Weber attributed the higher economic prosperity of Protestant regions to a Protestant work ethic. We provide an alternative Theory: Protestant economies prospered because instruction in reading the Bible generated the Human Capital crucial to economic prosperity. We test the Theory using county-level data from late-nineteenth-century Prussia, exploiting the initial concentric dispersion of the Reformation to use distance to Wittenberg as an instrument for Protestantism. We find that Protestantism indeed led to higher economic prosperity, but also to better education. Our results are consistent with Protestants' higher literacy accounting for most of the gap in economic prosperity.

  • was weber wrong a Human Capital Theory of protestant economic history
    2007
    Co-Authors: Sascha O Becker, Ludger Woessmann
    Abstract:

    Max Weber attributed the higher economic prosperity of Protestant regions to a Protestant work ethic. We provide an alternative Theory, where Protestant economies prospered because instruction in reading the Bible generated the Human Capital crucial to economic prosperity. County-level data from late 19th-century Prussia reveal that Protestantism was indeed associated not only with higher economic prosperity, but also with better education. We find that Protestants' higher literacy can account for the whole gap in economic prosperity. Results hold when we exploit the initial concentric dispersion of the Reformation to use distance to Wittenberg as an instrument for Protestantism.

Dean A Shepherd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Human Capital Theory and venture Capital firms exploring
    Social Science Research Network, 2005
    Co-Authors: Dimo Dimov, Dean A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    Human Capital Theory is used to investigate the impact of the education and experience of top management teams (TMTs) on the number of "home runs" (portfolio companies that go public) and "strike outs" (portfolio companies that go bankrupt) experienced by those teams' venture Capital firms (VCFs). Taken together, the hypotheses suggest that TMTs with industry experience in law, finance, and consulting, as well as advanced education in business, law, science, and the Humanities, have more home runs and fewer strike outs in their portfolios. Data on the education and industry experience of 749 TMT members from 112 VCFs were used to test these hypotheses.Although the data do not support all of the hypotheses, they indicate that general Human Capital is positively associated with home runs. However, specific Human Capital (such as law experience or education in the Humanities and science) is associated with strike outs.Clearly, particular aspects of Human Capital contribute to some, but not all, dimensions of performance. (SAA)

  • Human Capital Theory and venture Capital firms exploring home runs and strike outs
    Journal of Business Venturing, 2005
    Co-Authors: Dimo Dimov, Dean A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    Using a Human Capital perspective, we investigated the relationship between the education and experience of the top management teams of venture Capital firms (VCFs) and the firms' performance. We found that although general Human Capital had a positive association with the proportion of portfolio companies that went public [initial public offering (IPO)], specific Human Capital did not. However, we did find that specific Human Capital was negatively associated with the proportion of portfolio companies that went bankrupt. Interestingly, some findings were contrary to expectations from a Human Capital perspective, specifically the relationship between general Human Capital and the proportion of portfolio companies that went bankrupt. Future research is suggested.

Alex Van Der Merwe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • does Human Capital Theory explain the value of higher education a south african case study
    American Journal of Business Education, 2010
    Co-Authors: Alex Van Der Merwe
    Abstract:

    A perennial debate in the economics of education is whether Human Capital or screening/signalling theories best explain the value of schooling and hence the private demand for, in particular, higher education. Human Capital Theory proposes that formal training such as that offered by higher education institutions improves the productive capacity of individuals. Screening Theory, on the other hand, posits that the value of higher education credentials flows primarily from their value as signals to potential employers of the abilities of the holders of such qualifications. Following the application of Wiles’ (1974) test and regression analysis this case study finds that it is probable that both Human Capital and screening theories account for the economic value of higher education in the perceptions and experiences of a local cohort of recent Durban University of Technology graduates. This finding, in spite of its empirical support, relies on a certain amount of intuition necessitated by technical and analytical constraints that are discussed in the paper.