The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Liangmo Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous optimization of topology and component sizes for double planetary gear Hybrid Powertrains
Energies, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Hybrid powertrain technologies are successful in the passenger car market and have been actively developed in recent years. Optimal topology selection, component sizing, and controls are required for competitive Hybrid vehicles, as multiple goals must be considered simultaneously: fuel efficiency, emissions, performance, and cost. Most of the previous studies explored these three design dimensions separately. In this paper, two novel frameworks combining these three design dimensions together are presented and compared. One approach is nested optimization which searches through the whole design space exhaustively. The second approach is called enhanced iterative optimization, which executes the topology optimization and component sizing alternately. A case study shows that the later method can converge to the global optimal design generated from the nested optimization, and is much more computationally efficient. In addition, we also address a known issue of optimal designs: their sensitivity to parameters, such as varying vehicle weight, which is a concern especially for the design of Hybrid buses. Therefore, the iterative optimization process is applied to design a robust multi-mode Hybrid electric bus under different loading scenarios as the final design challenge of this paper.
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Comparison of multi-mode Hybrid Powertrains with multiple planetary gears
Applied Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Xiaowu Zhang, Ding Yang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Abstract Most Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) currently sold are power-split HEVs that use single, double or occasionally even multiple planetary gear (PG) sets to connect their powertrain elements. Adding PG sets can provide more design flexibility; however, it also increases system complexity and cost. This paper presents a comparative study of Hybrid Powertrains with different numbers of PG sets, which we term configurations. The analysis of different configuration types is investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively. In the qualitative analysis, the performances of operating modes for different configurations are compared, in terms of mode number, normalized efficiency, and maximum output torque. The quantitative approach compares the designs of different configurations; the fuel economy and acceleration performance of all superior designs are evaluated to make the comparison iconic. The results show that triple-PG Hybrids do not have significant fuel economy improvement compared with double-PG Hybrids, but they achieve a dramatic improvement in acceleration performance; this can be beneficial for sport utility vehicles (SUVs), light trucks, and buses. For cost consideration, it is suggested that passenger cars adopt double-PG Hybrid Powertrains.
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Rapid Configuration Design of Multiple-Planetary-Gear Power-Split Hybrid Powertrain via Mode Combination
IEEE ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Hybrid powertrain technologies must be applied to sports utility vehicles (SUV) and light trucks (LT) in the near future to meet the new corporate average fuel economy standards. For SUV and LT, multimode Hybrid Powertrains using multiple planetary gears (PGs) help to deliver the required torque while achieving better fuel economy. Compared with single and double PG systems, three-PG system can provide more design flexibility. However, it is not practical to search through all possible three-PG designs using exhaustive search methods because of the enormous size of the design space. In this paper, a rapid structure optimization method is proposed. Fuel-saving (FS) modes and high launching performance (HLP) modes are first identified through normalized efficiency analysis and maximum output torque analysis. Then, a constrained optimization problem is defined to limit the mode candidates (FS and HLP modes). Following this approach, the design space is reduced by a factor of 1000. Three clutch designs are obtained from the designs with fewer clutches (one or two) by using the design-extension technique. Finally, a case study demonstrates how the proposed method is applied to the optimal design of three-PG Hybrids.
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Rapid Optimization of Multiple-Planetary-Gear Power-Split Hybrid Powertrains
Volume 3: Multiagent Network Systems; Natural Gas and Heat Exchangers; Path Planning and Motion Control; Powertrain Systems; Rehab Robotics; Robot Man, 2015Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:In recent years, clutches have been used to create multi-mode power-split Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Designing an HEV for optimal performance is computationally intensive because of the enormous design space. For single planetary gear (PG) or a double-PG Hybrid Powertrains, the design with the best fuel economy and launching performance can be identified through exhaustive search. Exhaustive search for a Hybrid powertrain with 3PGs is computationally expensive, because of the astronomical number of design candidates. To address the design problem with extremely large design space, a rapid structure optimization method is proposed, which is based on combining different operating modes. A case study compares several different schemes against the results of the exhaustive search. The results show that the proposed mode combination method can identify almost 90% of the best designs. The proposed method shows great potential when applied to Hybrid systems with three or more PGs.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Weichao Zhuang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a survey of powertrain configuration studies on Hybrid electric vehicles
Applied Energy, 2020Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Xiaowu Zhang, Dongsuk Kum, Ziyou Song, Guodong YinAbstract:Abstract Global warming, air pollution, and fuel depletion have accelerated the deployment of Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Apart from the energy management, the configuration of Hybrid Powertrains plays a central role in achieving better fuel economy and enhanced drivability. This paper comparatively summarizes the configurations, modeling, and optimization techniques of HEVs. Four types of Hybrid powertrain configurations available in the market, i.e., series, parallel, power-split and multi-mode, are introduced firstly, followed by their state-of-the-art and pros/cons. Among all configurations, multi-mode Hybrid Powertrains are observed to have the potential for utilizing the benefits of the other three types by switching the operating modes. Subsequently, the configuration generation and modeling techniques are summarized. By adopting the automated modeling method, the entire design space can be explored exhaustively, and 14 feasible configuration types are classified based on the binary tree. Finally, the research gaps and future trends of HEV configuration studies are discussed.
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optimal design of three planetary gear power split Hybrid Powertrains
arXiv: Systems and Control, 2017Co-Authors: Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Weichao Zhuang, Ding Zhao, Lianmou WangAbstract:Many of today's power-split Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) utilize planetary gears (PGs) to connect the powertrain elements together. Recent power-split HEVs tend to use two PGs and some of them have multiple modes to achieve better fuel economy and driving performance. Looking to the future, Hybrid powertrain technologies must be enhanced to design Hybrid light trucks. For light trucks, the need for multi-mode and more PGs is stronger, to achieve the required performance. To systematically explore all the possible designs of multi-mode HEVs with three PGs, an efficient searching and optimization methodology is proposed. All possible clutch topology and modes for one existing configuration that uses three PGs were exhaustively searched. The launching performance is first used to screen out designs that fail to satisfy the required launching performance. A near-optimal and computationally efficient energy management strategy was then employed to identify designs that achieve good fuel economy. The proposed design process successfully identify 8 designs that achieve better launching performance and better fuel economy, while using fewer number of clutches than the benchmark and a patented design.
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simultaneous optimization of topology and component sizes for double planetary gear Hybrid Powertrains
Energies, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Hybrid powertrain technologies are successful in the passenger car market and have been actively developed in recent years. Optimal topology selection, component sizing, and controls are required for competitive Hybrid vehicles, as multiple goals must be considered simultaneously: fuel efficiency, emissions, performance, and cost. Most of the previous studies explored these three design dimensions separately. In this paper, two novel frameworks combining these three design dimensions together are presented and compared. One approach is nested optimization which searches through the whole design space exhaustively. The second approach is called enhanced iterative optimization, which executes the topology optimization and component sizing alternately. A case study shows that the later method can converge to the global optimal design generated from the nested optimization, and is much more computationally efficient. In addition, we also address a known issue of optimal designs: their sensitivity to parameters, such as varying vehicle weight, which is a concern especially for the design of Hybrid buses. Therefore, the iterative optimization process is applied to design a robust multi-mode Hybrid electric bus under different loading scenarios as the final design challenge of this paper.
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Comparison of multi-mode Hybrid Powertrains with multiple planetary gears
Applied Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Xiaowu Zhang, Ding Yang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Abstract Most Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) currently sold are power-split HEVs that use single, double or occasionally even multiple planetary gear (PG) sets to connect their powertrain elements. Adding PG sets can provide more design flexibility; however, it also increases system complexity and cost. This paper presents a comparative study of Hybrid Powertrains with different numbers of PG sets, which we term configurations. The analysis of different configuration types is investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively. In the qualitative analysis, the performances of operating modes for different configurations are compared, in terms of mode number, normalized efficiency, and maximum output torque. The quantitative approach compares the designs of different configurations; the fuel economy and acceleration performance of all superior designs are evaluated to make the comparison iconic. The results show that triple-PG Hybrids do not have significant fuel economy improvement compared with double-PG Hybrids, but they achieve a dramatic improvement in acceleration performance; this can be beneficial for sport utility vehicles (SUVs), light trucks, and buses. For cost consideration, it is suggested that passenger cars adopt double-PG Hybrid Powertrains.
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Rapid Configuration Design of Multiple-Planetary-Gear Power-Split Hybrid Powertrain via Mode Combination
IEEE ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Hybrid powertrain technologies must be applied to sports utility vehicles (SUV) and light trucks (LT) in the near future to meet the new corporate average fuel economy standards. For SUV and LT, multimode Hybrid Powertrains using multiple planetary gears (PGs) help to deliver the required torque while achieving better fuel economy. Compared with single and double PG systems, three-PG system can provide more design flexibility. However, it is not practical to search through all possible three-PG designs using exhaustive search methods because of the enormous size of the design space. In this paper, a rapid structure optimization method is proposed. Fuel-saving (FS) modes and high launching performance (HLP) modes are first identified through normalized efficiency analysis and maximum output torque analysis. Then, a constrained optimization problem is defined to limit the mode candidates (FS and HLP modes). Following this approach, the design space is reduced by a factor of 1000. Three clutch designs are obtained from the designs with fewer clutches (one or two) by using the design-extension technique. Finally, a case study demonstrates how the proposed method is applied to the optimal design of three-PG Hybrids.
Xiaowu Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a survey of powertrain configuration studies on Hybrid electric vehicles
Applied Energy, 2020Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Xiaowu Zhang, Dongsuk Kum, Ziyou Song, Guodong YinAbstract:Abstract Global warming, air pollution, and fuel depletion have accelerated the deployment of Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Apart from the energy management, the configuration of Hybrid Powertrains plays a central role in achieving better fuel economy and enhanced drivability. This paper comparatively summarizes the configurations, modeling, and optimization techniques of HEVs. Four types of Hybrid powertrain configurations available in the market, i.e., series, parallel, power-split and multi-mode, are introduced firstly, followed by their state-of-the-art and pros/cons. Among all configurations, multi-mode Hybrid Powertrains are observed to have the potential for utilizing the benefits of the other three types by switching the operating modes. Subsequently, the configuration generation and modeling techniques are summarized. By adopting the automated modeling method, the entire design space can be explored exhaustively, and 14 feasible configuration types are classified based on the binary tree. Finally, the research gaps and future trends of HEV configuration studies are discussed.
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optimal design of three planetary gear power split Hybrid Powertrains
arXiv: Systems and Control, 2017Co-Authors: Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Weichao Zhuang, Ding Zhao, Lianmou WangAbstract:Many of today's power-split Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) utilize planetary gears (PGs) to connect the powertrain elements together. Recent power-split HEVs tend to use two PGs and some of them have multiple modes to achieve better fuel economy and driving performance. Looking to the future, Hybrid powertrain technologies must be enhanced to design Hybrid light trucks. For light trucks, the need for multi-mode and more PGs is stronger, to achieve the required performance. To systematically explore all the possible designs of multi-mode HEVs with three PGs, an efficient searching and optimization methodology is proposed. All possible clutch topology and modes for one existing configuration that uses three PGs were exhaustively searched. The launching performance is first used to screen out designs that fail to satisfy the required launching performance. A near-optimal and computationally efficient energy management strategy was then employed to identify designs that achieve good fuel economy. The proposed design process successfully identify 8 designs that achieve better launching performance and better fuel economy, while using fewer number of clutches than the benchmark and a patented design.
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simultaneous optimization of topology and component sizes for double planetary gear Hybrid Powertrains
Energies, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Hybrid powertrain technologies are successful in the passenger car market and have been actively developed in recent years. Optimal topology selection, component sizing, and controls are required for competitive Hybrid vehicles, as multiple goals must be considered simultaneously: fuel efficiency, emissions, performance, and cost. Most of the previous studies explored these three design dimensions separately. In this paper, two novel frameworks combining these three design dimensions together are presented and compared. One approach is nested optimization which searches through the whole design space exhaustively. The second approach is called enhanced iterative optimization, which executes the topology optimization and component sizing alternately. A case study shows that the later method can converge to the global optimal design generated from the nested optimization, and is much more computationally efficient. In addition, we also address a known issue of optimal designs: their sensitivity to parameters, such as varying vehicle weight, which is a concern especially for the design of Hybrid buses. Therefore, the iterative optimization process is applied to design a robust multi-mode Hybrid electric bus under different loading scenarios as the final design challenge of this paper.
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Comparison of multi-mode Hybrid Powertrains with multiple planetary gears
Applied Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Xiaowu Zhang, Ding Yang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Abstract Most Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) currently sold are power-split HEVs that use single, double or occasionally even multiple planetary gear (PG) sets to connect their powertrain elements. Adding PG sets can provide more design flexibility; however, it also increases system complexity and cost. This paper presents a comparative study of Hybrid Powertrains with different numbers of PG sets, which we term configurations. The analysis of different configuration types is investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively. In the qualitative analysis, the performances of operating modes for different configurations are compared, in terms of mode number, normalized efficiency, and maximum output torque. The quantitative approach compares the designs of different configurations; the fuel economy and acceleration performance of all superior designs are evaluated to make the comparison iconic. The results show that triple-PG Hybrids do not have significant fuel economy improvement compared with double-PG Hybrids, but they achieve a dramatic improvement in acceleration performance; this can be beneficial for sport utility vehicles (SUVs), light trucks, and buses. For cost consideration, it is suggested that passenger cars adopt double-PG Hybrid Powertrains.
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Rapid Configuration Design of Multiple-Planetary-Gear Power-Split Hybrid Powertrain via Mode Combination
IEEE ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Hybrid powertrain technologies must be applied to sports utility vehicles (SUV) and light trucks (LT) in the near future to meet the new corporate average fuel economy standards. For SUV and LT, multimode Hybrid Powertrains using multiple planetary gears (PGs) help to deliver the required torque while achieving better fuel economy. Compared with single and double PG systems, three-PG system can provide more design flexibility. However, it is not practical to search through all possible three-PG designs using exhaustive search methods because of the enormous size of the design space. In this paper, a rapid structure optimization method is proposed. Fuel-saving (FS) modes and high launching performance (HLP) modes are first identified through normalized efficiency analysis and maximum output torque analysis. Then, a constrained optimization problem is defined to limit the mode candidates (FS and HLP modes). Following this approach, the design space is reduced by a factor of 1000. Three clutch designs are obtained from the designs with fewer clutches (one or two) by using the design-extension technique. Finally, a case study demonstrates how the proposed method is applied to the optimal design of three-PG Hybrids.
Huei Peng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimal design of three planetary gear power split Hybrid Powertrains
arXiv: Systems and Control, 2017Co-Authors: Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Weichao Zhuang, Ding Zhao, Lianmou WangAbstract:Many of today's power-split Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) utilize planetary gears (PGs) to connect the powertrain elements together. Recent power-split HEVs tend to use two PGs and some of them have multiple modes to achieve better fuel economy and driving performance. Looking to the future, Hybrid powertrain technologies must be enhanced to design Hybrid light trucks. For light trucks, the need for multi-mode and more PGs is stronger, to achieve the required performance. To systematically explore all the possible designs of multi-mode HEVs with three PGs, an efficient searching and optimization methodology is proposed. All possible clutch topology and modes for one existing configuration that uses three PGs were exhaustively searched. The launching performance is first used to screen out designs that fail to satisfy the required launching performance. A near-optimal and computationally efficient energy management strategy was then employed to identify designs that achieve good fuel economy. The proposed design process successfully identify 8 designs that achieve better launching performance and better fuel economy, while using fewer number of clutches than the benchmark and a patented design.
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simultaneous optimization of topology and component sizes for double planetary gear Hybrid Powertrains
Energies, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Hybrid powertrain technologies are successful in the passenger car market and have been actively developed in recent years. Optimal topology selection, component sizing, and controls are required for competitive Hybrid vehicles, as multiple goals must be considered simultaneously: fuel efficiency, emissions, performance, and cost. Most of the previous studies explored these three design dimensions separately. In this paper, two novel frameworks combining these three design dimensions together are presented and compared. One approach is nested optimization which searches through the whole design space exhaustively. The second approach is called enhanced iterative optimization, which executes the topology optimization and component sizing alternately. A case study shows that the later method can converge to the global optimal design generated from the nested optimization, and is much more computationally efficient. In addition, we also address a known issue of optimal designs: their sensitivity to parameters, such as varying vehicle weight, which is a concern especially for the design of Hybrid buses. Therefore, the iterative optimization process is applied to design a robust multi-mode Hybrid electric bus under different loading scenarios as the final design challenge of this paper.
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Rapid Configuration Design of Multiple-Planetary-Gear Power-Split Hybrid Powertrain via Mode Combination
IEEE ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2016Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:Hybrid powertrain technologies must be applied to sports utility vehicles (SUV) and light trucks (LT) in the near future to meet the new corporate average fuel economy standards. For SUV and LT, multimode Hybrid Powertrains using multiple planetary gears (PGs) help to deliver the required torque while achieving better fuel economy. Compared with single and double PG systems, three-PG system can provide more design flexibility. However, it is not practical to search through all possible three-PG designs using exhaustive search methods because of the enormous size of the design space. In this paper, a rapid structure optimization method is proposed. Fuel-saving (FS) modes and high launching performance (HLP) modes are first identified through normalized efficiency analysis and maximum output torque analysis. Then, a constrained optimization problem is defined to limit the mode candidates (FS and HLP modes). Following this approach, the design space is reduced by a factor of 1000. Three clutch designs are obtained from the designs with fewer clutches (one or two) by using the design-extension technique. Finally, a case study demonstrates how the proposed method is applied to the optimal design of three-PG Hybrids.
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Rapid Optimization of Multiple-Planetary-Gear Power-Split Hybrid Powertrains
Volume 3: Multiagent Network Systems; Natural Gas and Heat Exchangers; Path Planning and Motion Control; Powertrain Systems; Rehab Robotics; Robot Man, 2015Co-Authors: Weichao Zhuang, Huei Peng, Xiaowu Zhang, Liangmo WangAbstract:In recent years, clutches have been used to create multi-mode power-split Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Designing an HEV for optimal performance is computationally intensive because of the enormous design space. For single planetary gear (PG) or a double-PG Hybrid Powertrains, the design with the best fuel economy and launching performance can be identified through exhaustive search. Exhaustive search for a Hybrid powertrain with 3PGs is computationally expensive, because of the astronomical number of design candidates. To address the design problem with extremely large design space, a rapid structure optimization method is proposed, which is based on combining different operating modes. A case study compares several different schemes against the results of the exhaustive search. The results show that the proposed mode combination method can identify almost 90% of the best designs. The proposed method shows great potential when applied to Hybrid systems with three or more PGs.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
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automated modeling and mode screening for exhaustive search of double planetary gear power split Hybrid Powertrains
Volume 1: Active Control of Aerospace Structure; Motion Control; Aerospace Control; Assistive Robotic Systems; Bio-Inspired Systems; Biomedical Bioeng, 2014Co-Authors: Xiaowu Zhang, Huei PengAbstract:Double Planetary Gear (PG) power-split Hybrid Powertrains have been used in production vehicles from Toyota and General Motors. Some of the designs use clutches to achieve multiple operating modes to improve powertrain operation flexibility and efficiency at the expense of higher complexity. In this paper, an automatic modeling and screening process is developed, which enables exhaustively search through all designs with different configurations, clutch locations and operating modes. A case study was conducted based on the configuration used in the model year 2010 Prius and Camry Hybrids. It was found that by adding clutches, fuel economy can be improved significantly for plug-in Hybrid (charge depletion) operations.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Tomaž Katrašnik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of advanced conventional and Hybrid Powertrains by mechanistic system level simulations
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012Co-Authors: Tomaž Katrašnik, Johann C WurzenbergerAbstract:This paper presents a mechanistic system level simulation approach for modeling Hybrid and conventional vehicles. It addresses the dynamic interaction between the different domains: internal combustion engine, exhaust after treatment devices, electric components, mechanical drive train, cooling circuit system and corresponding control units. Both vehicle topologies are powered by a spark ignition and compression ignition engine. Analyses concentrate on the transient phenomena caused by high interdependency of the sub–systems. Thereby the applicability of mechanistic system level models to adequately represent specific characteristics of the components is highlighted. To achieve high fidelity results of multi–domain simulations featuring high predictability and high computational speed it is necessary to develop adequate simulation tools considering all characteristic time scales of different domains and the nature of their interaction. Analyses are based on the verified models powertrain models. Simulation results of vehicles driven according to a legislative cycle provide the basis for comparative analyses of energy efficiency and exhaust gas emissions.
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analysis of energy conversion efficiency in parallel and series Hybrid Powertrains
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2007Co-Authors: Tomaž Katrašnik, Ferdinand Trenc, Samuel Rodman OpresnikAbstract:The aim of this paper is to present a simulation and analytical analysis of the energy conversion efficiency in parallel and series Hybrid Powertrains. The analytical approach is based on the energy balance equations, whereas the simulation approach is based on an accurate and fast forward-facing simulation model for simulating parallel and series Hybrid Powertrains. A very good agreement between simulation and analytical results gives confidence pertaining to the accuracy of the performed analysis and confirms the validity of the analytical framework. Thus, combined simulation and analytical analysis enables deep insight into the energy conversion phenomena in Hybrid Powertrains and reveals the advantages and disadvantages of both Hybrid concepts running under different operating conditions. It is obvious from the presented results that the parallel Hybrid powertrain features better fuel economy than the series one for the applied test cycles, whereas both Hybrid powertrain concepts feature the best fuel economy at light-duty application.
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Hybridization of powertrain and downsizing of ic engine a way to reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emissions part 1
Energy Conversion and Management, 2007Co-Authors: Tomaž KatrašnikAbstract:The aim of this two part paper is to present the results of extensive simulation and analytical analysis of the energy conversion efficiency in parallel Hybrid Powertrains. The simulation approach is based on an accurate and fast forward facing simulation model of a parallel Hybrid powertrain and a conventional internal combustion engine powertrain. The model of the ICE is based on a verified dynamic model that provides sufficiently small time steps to model adequately the dynamics of electric systems during transient test cycles. Models of the electrical devices enable computation of the instantaneous energy consumption, production and storage as well as computation of the instantaneous energy losses and component efficiencies. Moreover, the paper offers an analytical approach based on the energy balance in order to analyze and predict the energy conversion efficiency of Hybrid Powertrains. The analysis covers a broad range of parallel Hybrid powertrain configurations from mild to full Hybrids. Combined simulation and analytical analysis enables deep insight into the energy conversion phenomena in Hybrid Powertrains. The paper reveals the conditions and influences that lead to improved fuel economy of Hybrid Powertrains with the emphasis on determining the optimum Hybridization ratio. The theoretical background, simulation program and brief analysis of one test cycle are presented in Part 1, whereas the extensive analysis and parametric study is presented in the companion paper, Part 2.
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Hybridization of powertrain and downsizing of ic engine analysis and parametric study part 2
Energy Conversion and Management, 2007Co-Authors: Tomaž KatrašnikAbstract:Abstract The second part of the paper “Hybridization of powertrain and downsizing of IC engine” presents an extensive analysis and parametric study of Hybrid powertrain parameters for different drive cycles and electric energy storage devices as well as the results of vehicle dynamics. The analysis is based on the simulation model and analytical groundwork presented in Part 1. Very good agreement of the simulation and analytical results gives confidence in the accuracy of the performed analysis. Thus, the combined simulation and analytical analysis enables deep insight into the energy flow and energy loss phenomena in Hybrid Powertrains and reveals the advantages and disadvantages of Hybrid Powertrains running under different operating conditions. The analysis covers a broad range of parallel Hybrid powertrain configurations spreading from mild- to full-Hybrids. The aim of this paper is to indicate the influencing parameters that lead to an optimal combination of Hybrid powertrain components in order to achieve an improved fuel economy of Hybrid Powertrains with the emphasis on drive cycle load as well as component sizes and efficiencies. It is shown in the paper that parallel Hybrid Powertrains exhibit considerable potential for higher energy conversion efficiency compared with conventional Powertrains if their constituting components are sized adequately.
