The Experts below are selected from a list of 264 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
William J. D. Iles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hydathodal leaf teeth of chloranthus japonicus chloranthaceae prevent guttation induced flooding of the mesophyll
Plant Cell and Environment, 2005Co-Authors: Taylor S. Feild, Tammy L. Sage, Christine Czerniak, William J. D. IlesAbstract:Why the leaves of cold temperate deciduous and moisture-loving angiosperms are so often toothed has long puzzled biologists because the functional consequences of teeth remain poorly understood. Here we provide functional and structural evidence that marginal leaf teeth of Chloranthus japonicus, an understory herb, enable the release of guttation sap during root pressure. When guttation from teeth Hydathodes was experimentally blocked, we found that the leaf intercellular airspaces became flooded. Measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence revealed that internal flooding resulted in an inhibition of photosynthesis, most likely through the formation of a film of water within the leaf that reduced CO2 diffusion. Comparing a developmental series of leaves with and without teeth experimentally covered with wax, we found that teeth did not affect overall leaf stomatal conductance and CO2 uptake. However, maximal and effective light-saturation PSII quantum yields of teeth were found to be lower or equal to the surrounding lamina throughout leaf ontogeny. Collectively, our results suggest Hydathodes and their development on teeth apices enable the avoidance of mesophyll flooding by root pressure. We discuss how these new findings bear on the potential physiological interpretations of models that apply leaf marginal traits to infer ancient climates.
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Hydathodal leaf teeth of Chloranthus japonicus (Chloranthaceae) prevent guttation‐induced flooding of the mesophyll
Plant Cell and Environment, 2005Co-Authors: Taylor S. Feild, Tammy L. Sage, Christine Czerniak, William J. D. IlesAbstract:Why the leaves of cold temperate deciduous and moisture-loving angiosperms are so often toothed has long puzzled biologists because the functional consequences of teeth remain poorly understood. Here we provide functional and structural evidence that marginal leaf teeth of Chloranthus japonicus, an understory herb, enable the release of guttation sap during root pressure. When guttation from teeth Hydathodes was experimentally blocked, we found that the leaf intercellular airspaces became flooded. Measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence revealed that internal flooding resulted in an inhibition of photosynthesis, most likely through the formation of a film of water within the leaf that reduced CO2 diffusion. Comparing a developmental series of leaves with and without teeth experimentally covered with wax, we found that teeth did not affect overall leaf stomatal conductance and CO2 uptake. However, maximal and effective light-saturation PSII quantum yields of teeth were found to be lower or equal to the surrounding lamina throughout leaf ontogeny. Collectively, our results suggest Hydathodes and their development on teeth apices enable the avoidance of mesophyll flooding by root pressure. We discuss how these new findings bear on the potential physiological interpretations of models that apply leaf marginal traits to infer ancient climates.
Hazel P. Wilkinson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Regular ArticleLeaf and twig anatomy of the Pterostemonaceae (Engl.) Small: ecological and systematic features
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 1994Co-Authors: Hazel P. WilkinsonAbstract:An anatomical investigation of the leaves and twigs of Pterostemonaceae (Engl.), a monogeneric family of two species, has been made. The following anatomical characters in the leaf are of particular interest: glandular hairs, Hydathodes on the marginal dentations and secretory substances in the glands and palisade cells. Characters of interest in the twig xylem include: vessel lumina of very small tangential diameter and with simple perforation plates; fibriform vessels with scalariform plates having one to six bars and also plates with perforations in irregular patterns.
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Leaf and twig anatomy of the Pterostemonaceae (Engl.) Small: ecological and systematic features
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 1994Co-Authors: Hazel P. WilkinsonAbstract:Abstract An anatomical investigation of the leaves and twigs of Pterostemonaceae (Engl.), a monogeneric family of two species, has been made. The following anatomical characters in the leaf are of particular interest: glandular hairs, Hydathodes on the marginal dentations and secretory substances in the glands and palisade cells. Characters of interest in the twig xylem include: vessel lumina of very small tangential diameter and with simple perforation plates; fibriform vessels with scalariform plates having one to six bars and also plates with perforations in irregular patterns.
Aude Cerutti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Xanthomonas transcriptome inside cauliflower Hydathodes reveals bacterial virulence strategies and physiological adaptation at early infection stages
2021Co-Authors: Julien S. Luneau, Aude Cerutti, Richard Berthomé, Emmanuelle Lauber, Brice Roux, Sébastien Carrère, Marie-françoise Jardinaud, Antoine Gaillac, Carine Gris, Matthieu ArlatAbstract:AbstractXanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) bacterium is a seed-transmitted vascular pathogen causing black rot disease on cultivated and wild Brassicaceae. Xcc enters the plant tissues preferentially via Hydathodes which are organs localized at leaf margins. In order to decipher both physiological and virulence strategies deployed by Xcc during early stages of infection, the transcriptomic profile of Xcc was analyzed three days after entry into cauliflower Hydathodes. Despite the absence of visible plant tissue alterations and a bacterial biotrophic lifestyle, 18% of Xcc genes undergo a transcriptional reprogramming, including a striking repression of chemotaxis and motility functions. Xcc full repertoire of virulence factors was not yet activated but the expression of the 95-gene HrpG regulon, including genes coding for the type three secretion machinery important for suppression of plant immunity, was induced. The expression of genes involved in metabolic adaptations such as catabolism of plant compounds, transport functions, sulfur and phosphate metabolism was upregulated while limited stress responses were observed three days post infection. These transcriptomic observations give information about the nutritional and stress status of bacteria during the early biotrophic infection stages and help to decipher the adaptive strategy of Xcc to the Hydathode environment.
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Anatomy of epithemal Hydathodes in four monocotyledon plants of economic and academic relevance
2020Co-Authors: Alain Jauneau, Aude Cerutti, Mariechristine Auriac, Laurent D. NoëlAbstract:Hydathode is a plant organ responsible for guttation in vascular plants, i.e. the release of droplets at leaf margin or surface. Because this organ connects the plant vasculature to the external environment, it is also a known entry site for some vascular pathogens. In this study, we present a detailed microscopic examination of monocot Hydathodes for three crops (maize, rice and sugarcane) and the model plant Brachypodium distachyon . Our study highlights both similarities and specificities of those epithemal Hydathodes. These observations will serve as a foundation for future studies on the physiology and the immunity of Hydathodes in monocots.
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Anatomy of leaf apical Hydathodes in four monocotyledon plants of economic and academic relevance
Plos One, 2020Co-Authors: Alain Jauneau, Aude Cerutti, Mariechristine Auriac, Laurent D. NoëlAbstract:Hydathode is a plant organ responsible for guttation in vascular plants, i.e. the release of droplets at leaf margin or surface. Because this organ connects the plant vasculature to the external environment, it is also a known entry site for several vascular pathogens. In this study, we present a detailed microscopic examination of leaf apical Hydathodes in monocots for three crops (maize, rice and sugarcane) and the model plant Brachypodium distachyon. Our study highlights both similarities and specificities of those epithemal Hydathodes. These observations will serve as a foundation for future studies on the physiology and the immunity of Hydathodes in monocots.
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Mangroves in the Leaves: Anatomy, Physiology, and Immunity of Epithemal Hydathodes
Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2019Co-Authors: Aude Cerutti, Nathalie Leonhardt, Martin H. Schattat, Jean Marc Routaboul, Richard Berthomé, Patrick Laufs, Alain Jauneau, Laurent D. NoëlAbstract:Hydathodes are organs found on aerial parts of a wide range of plant species that provide almost direct access for several pathogenic microbes to the plant vascular system. Hydathodes are better kn...
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Mangroves in the Leaves: Anatomy, Physiology, and Immunity of Epithemal Hydathodes
Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2019Co-Authors: Aude Cerutti, Nathalie Leonhardt, Martin H. Schattat, Jean Marc Routaboul, Richard Berthomé, Patrick Laufs, Alain Jauneau, Laurent D. NoëlAbstract:Hydathodes are organs found on aerial parts of a wide range of plant species that provide almost direct access for several pathogenic microbes to the plant vascular system. Hydathodes are better known as the site of guttation, which is the release of droplets of plant apoplastic fluid to the outer leaf surface. Because these organs are only described through sporadic allusions in the literature, this review aims to provide a comprehensive view of Hydathode development, physiology, and immunity by compiling a historic and contemporary bibliography. In particular, we refine the definition of Hydathodes. We illustrate their important roles in the maintenance of plant osmotic balance, nutrient retrieval, and exclusion of deleterious chemicals from the xylem sap. Finally, we present our current understanding of the infection of Hydathodes by adapted vascular pathogens and the associated plant immune responses.
Taylor S. Feild - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hydathodal leaf teeth of chloranthus japonicus chloranthaceae prevent guttation induced flooding of the mesophyll
Plant Cell and Environment, 2005Co-Authors: Taylor S. Feild, Tammy L. Sage, Christine Czerniak, William J. D. IlesAbstract:Why the leaves of cold temperate deciduous and moisture-loving angiosperms are so often toothed has long puzzled biologists because the functional consequences of teeth remain poorly understood. Here we provide functional and structural evidence that marginal leaf teeth of Chloranthus japonicus, an understory herb, enable the release of guttation sap during root pressure. When guttation from teeth Hydathodes was experimentally blocked, we found that the leaf intercellular airspaces became flooded. Measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence revealed that internal flooding resulted in an inhibition of photosynthesis, most likely through the formation of a film of water within the leaf that reduced CO2 diffusion. Comparing a developmental series of leaves with and without teeth experimentally covered with wax, we found that teeth did not affect overall leaf stomatal conductance and CO2 uptake. However, maximal and effective light-saturation PSII quantum yields of teeth were found to be lower or equal to the surrounding lamina throughout leaf ontogeny. Collectively, our results suggest Hydathodes and their development on teeth apices enable the avoidance of mesophyll flooding by root pressure. We discuss how these new findings bear on the potential physiological interpretations of models that apply leaf marginal traits to infer ancient climates.
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Hydathodal leaf teeth of Chloranthus japonicus (Chloranthaceae) prevent guttation‐induced flooding of the mesophyll
Plant Cell and Environment, 2005Co-Authors: Taylor S. Feild, Tammy L. Sage, Christine Czerniak, William J. D. IlesAbstract:Why the leaves of cold temperate deciduous and moisture-loving angiosperms are so often toothed has long puzzled biologists because the functional consequences of teeth remain poorly understood. Here we provide functional and structural evidence that marginal leaf teeth of Chloranthus japonicus, an understory herb, enable the release of guttation sap during root pressure. When guttation from teeth Hydathodes was experimentally blocked, we found that the leaf intercellular airspaces became flooded. Measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence revealed that internal flooding resulted in an inhibition of photosynthesis, most likely through the formation of a film of water within the leaf that reduced CO2 diffusion. Comparing a developmental series of leaves with and without teeth experimentally covered with wax, we found that teeth did not affect overall leaf stomatal conductance and CO2 uptake. However, maximal and effective light-saturation PSII quantum yields of teeth were found to be lower or equal to the surrounding lamina throughout leaf ontogeny. Collectively, our results suggest Hydathodes and their development on teeth apices enable the avoidance of mesophyll flooding by root pressure. We discuss how these new findings bear on the potential physiological interpretations of models that apply leaf marginal traits to infer ancient climates.
Laurent D. Noël - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anatomy of epithemal Hydathodes in four monocotyledon plants of economic and academic relevance
2020Co-Authors: Alain Jauneau, Aude Cerutti, Mariechristine Auriac, Laurent D. NoëlAbstract:Hydathode is a plant organ responsible for guttation in vascular plants, i.e. the release of droplets at leaf margin or surface. Because this organ connects the plant vasculature to the external environment, it is also a known entry site for some vascular pathogens. In this study, we present a detailed microscopic examination of monocot Hydathodes for three crops (maize, rice and sugarcane) and the model plant Brachypodium distachyon . Our study highlights both similarities and specificities of those epithemal Hydathodes. These observations will serve as a foundation for future studies on the physiology and the immunity of Hydathodes in monocots.
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Anatomy of leaf apical Hydathodes in four monocotyledon plants of economic and academic relevance
Plos One, 2020Co-Authors: Alain Jauneau, Aude Cerutti, Mariechristine Auriac, Laurent D. NoëlAbstract:Hydathode is a plant organ responsible for guttation in vascular plants, i.e. the release of droplets at leaf margin or surface. Because this organ connects the plant vasculature to the external environment, it is also a known entry site for several vascular pathogens. In this study, we present a detailed microscopic examination of leaf apical Hydathodes in monocots for three crops (maize, rice and sugarcane) and the model plant Brachypodium distachyon. Our study highlights both similarities and specificities of those epithemal Hydathodes. These observations will serve as a foundation for future studies on the physiology and the immunity of Hydathodes in monocots.
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Mangroves in the Leaves: Anatomy, Physiology, and Immunity of Epithemal Hydathodes
Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2019Co-Authors: Aude Cerutti, Nathalie Leonhardt, Martin H. Schattat, Jean Marc Routaboul, Richard Berthomé, Patrick Laufs, Alain Jauneau, Laurent D. NoëlAbstract:Hydathodes are organs found on aerial parts of a wide range of plant species that provide almost direct access for several pathogenic microbes to the plant vascular system. Hydathodes are better kn...
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Mangroves in the Leaves: Anatomy, Physiology, and Immunity of Epithemal Hydathodes
Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2019Co-Authors: Aude Cerutti, Nathalie Leonhardt, Martin H. Schattat, Jean Marc Routaboul, Richard Berthomé, Patrick Laufs, Alain Jauneau, Laurent D. NoëlAbstract:Hydathodes are organs found on aerial parts of a wide range of plant species that provide almost direct access for several pathogenic microbes to the plant vascular system. Hydathodes are better known as the site of guttation, which is the release of droplets of plant apoplastic fluid to the outer leaf surface. Because these organs are only described through sporadic allusions in the literature, this review aims to provide a comprehensive view of Hydathode development, physiology, and immunity by compiling a historic and contemporary bibliography. In particular, we refine the definition of Hydathodes. We illustrate their important roles in the maintenance of plant osmotic balance, nutrient retrieval, and exclusion of deleterious chemicals from the xylem sap. Finally, we present our current understanding of the infection of Hydathodes by adapted vascular pathogens and the associated plant immune responses.
