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Xiongqi Pang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a revised method for reconstructing the Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history and evaluating the Hydrocarbon Resource potential example from the first member of the qingshankou formation in the northern songliao basin northeast china
Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2020Co-Authors: Xiongqi Pang, Zhipeng Huo, Enze Wang, Nan XueAbstract:Abstract Reconstructing the Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history of source rocks is an essential part of evaluating the Hydrocarbon Resource potential by genetic method. The Hydrocarbon generation potential method is an efficient tool for quantifying the Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion characteristics of source rock and evaluating the Hydrocarbon Resource potential based on Rock-Eval data. Although various revised versions of the method are publicly available, the following problems remain to be resolved: (a) the method is subjective; (b) implicit limitations are observed; and (c) rock mass loss is not considered, which may result in unacceptable errors. In this study, we propose a revised Hydrocarbon generation potential method. Expressions for calculating the original rock mass (Go), original total organic carbon (TOCo), transformation ratio (TR), Hydrocarbon expulsion ratio (ER) and Hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency (f) were developed and incorporated into the Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history reconstruction and Hydrocarbon Resource potential evaluation, and these expressions combined conventional and unconventional Resource evaluations systematically with objective and accurate results. The first member of the Qingshankou Formation (K2qn1) in the Northern Songliao Basin, Northeast China, was used as an example to demonstrate the application of the proposed method. The results have been compared with the unrevised method using the same Rock-Eval data sets and verified with previous reports to demonstrate its reliability. The results also indicate that the Hydrocarbon generation threshold (HGT) and Hydrocarbon expulsion threshold (HET) of K2qn1 are Ro = 0.4% and Ro = 0.6%, respectively. Three Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion peak stages were identified: K2n (81–74 Ma), K2m (74–66 Ma), and N2t (66–0 Ma). The Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion centers of K2qn1 are mainly the Qijia-Gulong Sag and Sanzhao Sag. The Resource potentials of conventional oil, unconventional tight oil, and shale oil associated with K2qn1 source rocks in the Northern Songliao Basin are 8.15 × 108 t, 22.97 × 108 t, and 62.1 × 108 t, respectively.
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Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion characteristics of the source rocks in the third member of the upper triassic xujiahe formation and its effect on conventional and unconventional Hydrocarbon Resource potential in the sichuan basin
Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2019Co-Authors: Dingye Zheng, Xiongqi Pang, Tianyu Zheng, Liming ZhouAbstract:Abstract The third member of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation (T3x3) is a typical source-reservoir-cap unit for natural gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin. However, most previous studies mainly focused on the T3x3 as a source rock, ignoring its role as a reservoir. As a result, the evaluation of Hydrocarbon Resource potential was not accurate. This study established a Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model through analyzing the geological and geochemical characteristics of the T3x3 source rocks, and calculated the Resource potential of conventional gas, tight gas and shale gas systematically with combining the lower boundary of buoyancy-dominated accumulation (LBBA). The results indicated that the thickness of the source rocks dominated by mudstone was distributed widely, with an average value of more than 45 m. The sedimentary environment was salty lacustrine deposits. They have a high content of total organic carbon (TOC) with an average value of 4.80 wt%, the kerogen is mainly type III with minor type II, and the thermal evolution has entered the high to over mature stage. The Hydrocarbon generation threshold was determined to be 0.5%Ro, while the Hydrocarbon expulsion threshold and the LBBA were determined to be 0.83%Ro and 1.12%Ro, respectively. The efficiency of Hydrocarbon expulsion was relatively high, with an average of about 56%. Also, the maximum Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion intensity reached to 110 × 108 m3/km2 and 53 × 108 m3/km2. The amounts of Hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and residual associated with the T3x3 source rocks were 125.68 × 1012m3, 70.38 × 1012m3, and 55.30 × 1012m3, respectively. Under the criterion condition of the LBBA, the conventional gas Resource was 7.21 × 1010m3, the tight gas Resource was 294.34 × 1010m3, and the shale gas Resource was 2488.50 × 1010m3. It indicated good prospects for exploration.
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discrimination of effective source rocks and evaluation of the Hydrocarbon Resource potential in marsel kazakhstan
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Xiongqi Pang, Zhengfu Zhao, Xinhe Shao, Xian Zhang, Yingxun WangAbstract:Abstract Three rounds of exploration in Marsel, Kazakhstan show that the area has good petroleum geological conditions; however, the exploration degree is low and the Resource potential is unclear. The total organic carbon ( TOC ) content is the criteria for effective source rocks and is also the key parameter to calculate the amount of Resources; while previous evaluations of the effective source rocks and calculated amounts of Resources were based on residual TOC , which gradually decreases with mass Hydrocarbon expulsion; therefore, this will inevitably produce errors. For greater accuracy, the TOC recovery coefficient formula was used to recover the residual TOC in Marsel; then, the criteria of the effective source rocks were revised to calculate the Carboniferous and Devonian Resources in Marsel. The results are as follows: for the source rocks in Marsel, the TOC recovery coefficient of the Carboniferous source rocks is approximately 1.6, while that for the Devonian is approximately 2.0; the revised lower limit of TOC for the effective source rocks is 0.3% and 0.25% for the Carboniferous and Devonian, respectively; after TOC recovery, the total amount of Hydrocarbon expulsion is 26.7 × 10 12 m 3 , the total amount of recoverable Resources is 2.62–5.10 × 10 12 m 3 , and the mean is 3.79 × 10 12 m 3 for the main source rocks. The effective source rocks evaluated based on the recovered TOC and the latter Resources could reflect the quantity of source rocks and actual Resource potential of Marsel more accurately. This has certain significance for the exploration of areas that have low levels of exploration with an unclear understanding of the Resource potential as well as a high degree of thermal evolution and a low quantity of residual TOC .
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geothermal regime and source rock thermal evolution in the chagan sag inner mongolia northern china
Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2015Co-Authors: Yinhui Zuo, Xiongqi Pang, Nansheng Qiu, Qingqing Hao, Xia Gao, Xuejun Wang, Xiaoping Luo, Zhongying ZhaoAbstract:Abstract The Chagan sag has the greatest oil and gas exploration potential among other sags in the Yingen Ejinaqi Basin, Inner Mongolia. The average geothermal gradient in the Chagan sag is 33.6 °C/km, whereas the heat flow ranges from 65.9 mW/m 2 to approximately 85.5 mW/m 2 , with an average value of 74.5 mW/m 2 . Thermal history reveals that the Chagan sag experienced the following 4 stages of thermal evolutions: (1) a rapidly increasing geothermal gradient stage from the Early Cretaceous Bayingebi Formation depositional period to the Early Cretaceous Suhongtu Formation depositional period; (2) a geothermal gradient peak stage during the Early Cretaceous Yingen Formation depositional period; (3) a high geothermal gradient continuation stage during the Late Cretaceous Wulansuhai Formation depositional period; and (4) a thermal subsidence stage during the Cenozoic. Tectonic subsidence analysis reveals that the area experienced an initial synrift subsidence during the Early Cretaceous followed by a subsequent long-term thermal subsidence since Late Cretaceous. Thermal and tectonic subsidence histories of this area are of great significance to petroleum exploration and Hydrocarbon Resource assessment because they bear directly on issues of source rock maturation. The maturation histories of the 3 sets of source rocks in the sag were modeled on the basis of the present geothermal field, thermal history and tectonic subsidence history. The results reveal that the Hydrocarbon generation of the Chagan sag was controlled by the Early Cretaceous geothermal fields, and the source rock maturity reached the maximum at the end of the Yingen Formation depositional period. Moreover, the maturation evolution degree shows a difference for the 3 sets of source rocks. The source rocks of the Bayingebi 1 and 2 Formations reached the middle mature and dry-gas stage. In contrast, the source rocks of the Suhongtu 1 Formation only reached the early mature and middle mature stage. This work may provide new insights for the understanding of the oil and gas exploration potential of the Chagan sag.
Na Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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conventional and unconventional Hydrocarbon Resource potential evaluation of source rocks and reservoirs a case study of the upper xiaganchaigou formation western qaidam basin northwest china
Natural resources research, 2021Co-Authors: Yanchen Song, Enze Wang, Yuting Peng, Haoting Xing, Yongxian Zheng, Jing Zhang, Na ZhangAbstract:The Paleogene upper Xiaganchaigou Formation (E32) is the most important source rock and reservoir in the Qaidam Basin. However, there are few studies on the processes of Hydrocarbon accumulation in this formation; therefore, its Hydrocarbon Resource potential has not been estimated reasonably. This paper evaluates the Hydrocarbon generation properties in light of an improved Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion potential model. According to the geochemical characteristics of source rocks and the petrological features of reservoirs, the potentials of different Resource types, including conventional oil, tight oil and shale oil, are quantified by combining the buoyancy-driven Hydrocarbon accumulation depth (BHAD) and the lower limit for movable Resource abundance. The results show that the source rocks are characterized by a large thickness (more than 1000 m), moderate organic matter content, high marginal maturity and a high conversion rate (50% Hydrocarbons have been discharged before Ro = 1%), which provide sufficient oil sources for reservoir formation. Moreover, the reservoirs in the Qaidam Basin consist mainly of low-porosity and low-permeability tight carbonates (porosity of 4.7% and permeability less than 1 mD). The maximum Hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, retention and movable retention intensities at present are 350 × 104 t/km2, 250 × 104 t/km2, 130 × 104 t/km2 and 125 × 104 t/km2, respectively. The thresholds of Hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and BHAD were 0.46% Ro, 0.67% Ro and 0.7% Ro, respectively. Moreover, the dynamic evolution process of Hydrocarbon accumulation was divided into three evolution stages, namely, (a) initial Hydrocarbon accumulation, (b) conventional Hydrocarbon reservoir and shale oil accumulation and (c) unconventional tight oil accumulation. The conventional oil, tight oil and movable shale oil Resource potentials were 10.44 × 108 t, 51.9 × 108 t and 390 × 108 t, respectively. This study demonstrates the good Resource prospects of E32 in the Qaidam Basin. A comprehensive workflow for unconventional petroleum Resource potential evaluation is provided, and it has certain reference significance for other petroliferous basins, especially those in the early unconventional Hydrocarbon exploration stage.
Enze Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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conventional and unconventional Hydrocarbon Resource potential evaluation of source rocks and reservoirs a case study of the upper xiaganchaigou formation western qaidam basin northwest china
Natural resources research, 2021Co-Authors: Yanchen Song, Enze Wang, Yuting Peng, Haoting Xing, Yongxian Zheng, Jing Zhang, Na ZhangAbstract:The Paleogene upper Xiaganchaigou Formation (E32) is the most important source rock and reservoir in the Qaidam Basin. However, there are few studies on the processes of Hydrocarbon accumulation in this formation; therefore, its Hydrocarbon Resource potential has not been estimated reasonably. This paper evaluates the Hydrocarbon generation properties in light of an improved Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion potential model. According to the geochemical characteristics of source rocks and the petrological features of reservoirs, the potentials of different Resource types, including conventional oil, tight oil and shale oil, are quantified by combining the buoyancy-driven Hydrocarbon accumulation depth (BHAD) and the lower limit for movable Resource abundance. The results show that the source rocks are characterized by a large thickness (more than 1000 m), moderate organic matter content, high marginal maturity and a high conversion rate (50% Hydrocarbons have been discharged before Ro = 1%), which provide sufficient oil sources for reservoir formation. Moreover, the reservoirs in the Qaidam Basin consist mainly of low-porosity and low-permeability tight carbonates (porosity of 4.7% and permeability less than 1 mD). The maximum Hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, retention and movable retention intensities at present are 350 × 104 t/km2, 250 × 104 t/km2, 130 × 104 t/km2 and 125 × 104 t/km2, respectively. The thresholds of Hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and BHAD were 0.46% Ro, 0.67% Ro and 0.7% Ro, respectively. Moreover, the dynamic evolution process of Hydrocarbon accumulation was divided into three evolution stages, namely, (a) initial Hydrocarbon accumulation, (b) conventional Hydrocarbon reservoir and shale oil accumulation and (c) unconventional tight oil accumulation. The conventional oil, tight oil and movable shale oil Resource potentials were 10.44 × 108 t, 51.9 × 108 t and 390 × 108 t, respectively. This study demonstrates the good Resource prospects of E32 in the Qaidam Basin. A comprehensive workflow for unconventional petroleum Resource potential evaluation is provided, and it has certain reference significance for other petroliferous basins, especially those in the early unconventional Hydrocarbon exploration stage.
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a revised method for reconstructing the Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history and evaluating the Hydrocarbon Resource potential example from the first member of the qingshankou formation in the northern songliao basin northeast china
Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2020Co-Authors: Xiongqi Pang, Zhipeng Huo, Enze Wang, Nan XueAbstract:Abstract Reconstructing the Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history of source rocks is an essential part of evaluating the Hydrocarbon Resource potential by genetic method. The Hydrocarbon generation potential method is an efficient tool for quantifying the Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion characteristics of source rock and evaluating the Hydrocarbon Resource potential based on Rock-Eval data. Although various revised versions of the method are publicly available, the following problems remain to be resolved: (a) the method is subjective; (b) implicit limitations are observed; and (c) rock mass loss is not considered, which may result in unacceptable errors. In this study, we propose a revised Hydrocarbon generation potential method. Expressions for calculating the original rock mass (Go), original total organic carbon (TOCo), transformation ratio (TR), Hydrocarbon expulsion ratio (ER) and Hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency (f) were developed and incorporated into the Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history reconstruction and Hydrocarbon Resource potential evaluation, and these expressions combined conventional and unconventional Resource evaluations systematically with objective and accurate results. The first member of the Qingshankou Formation (K2qn1) in the Northern Songliao Basin, Northeast China, was used as an example to demonstrate the application of the proposed method. The results have been compared with the unrevised method using the same Rock-Eval data sets and verified with previous reports to demonstrate its reliability. The results also indicate that the Hydrocarbon generation threshold (HGT) and Hydrocarbon expulsion threshold (HET) of K2qn1 are Ro = 0.4% and Ro = 0.6%, respectively. Three Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion peak stages were identified: K2n (81–74 Ma), K2m (74–66 Ma), and N2t (66–0 Ma). The Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion centers of K2qn1 are mainly the Qijia-Gulong Sag and Sanzhao Sag. The Resource potentials of conventional oil, unconventional tight oil, and shale oil associated with K2qn1 source rocks in the Northern Songliao Basin are 8.15 × 108 t, 22.97 × 108 t, and 62.1 × 108 t, respectively.
Toshiro Ebinuma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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basic research on the mechanical behavior of methane hydrate sediments mixture
Soils and Foundations, 2005Co-Authors: M Hyodo, Yukio Nakata, Norimasa Yoshimoto, Toshiro EbinumaAbstract:The possible existence of a vast amount of methane hydrate around islands has attracted attention as the largest potential Hydrocarbon Resource in Japan. At the same time, several production methods have been considered to extract the gas from the hydrate zone. Although it is known that the hydrates pose significant obstacles to drilling and production operations, there is at present only limited knowledge on the mechanical behavior of hydrate-rich zones, which is necessary to understand the stability around the site. In order to know the properties of methane hydrate and/ or its sand mixtures, a series of tests was carried out on artificial methane hydrate-sand mixtures, using low temperature and a newly developed high confining pressure triaxial compression technique. The sediments used in the mixture were obtained from a 207.75 m sea bottom core from the Nankai Trough, located 1152.75 m below sea level. The specimens used were prepared by compressing a mixture of artificial methane hydrate and the sediments with a volume ratio of sediments to the whole of specimen. On the basis of these experimental results, the factors affecting mechanical properties of the hydrate and sediment mixtures are discussed. It is very essential to collect more data on the properties of methane hydrate and/or sedimentation (soil) mixture to understand the stability of any attempt at methane hydrate production.
Yanchen Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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conventional and unconventional Hydrocarbon Resource potential evaluation of source rocks and reservoirs a case study of the upper xiaganchaigou formation western qaidam basin northwest china
Natural resources research, 2021Co-Authors: Yanchen Song, Enze Wang, Yuting Peng, Haoting Xing, Yongxian Zheng, Jing Zhang, Na ZhangAbstract:The Paleogene upper Xiaganchaigou Formation (E32) is the most important source rock and reservoir in the Qaidam Basin. However, there are few studies on the processes of Hydrocarbon accumulation in this formation; therefore, its Hydrocarbon Resource potential has not been estimated reasonably. This paper evaluates the Hydrocarbon generation properties in light of an improved Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion potential model. According to the geochemical characteristics of source rocks and the petrological features of reservoirs, the potentials of different Resource types, including conventional oil, tight oil and shale oil, are quantified by combining the buoyancy-driven Hydrocarbon accumulation depth (BHAD) and the lower limit for movable Resource abundance. The results show that the source rocks are characterized by a large thickness (more than 1000 m), moderate organic matter content, high marginal maturity and a high conversion rate (50% Hydrocarbons have been discharged before Ro = 1%), which provide sufficient oil sources for reservoir formation. Moreover, the reservoirs in the Qaidam Basin consist mainly of low-porosity and low-permeability tight carbonates (porosity of 4.7% and permeability less than 1 mD). The maximum Hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, retention and movable retention intensities at present are 350 × 104 t/km2, 250 × 104 t/km2, 130 × 104 t/km2 and 125 × 104 t/km2, respectively. The thresholds of Hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and BHAD were 0.46% Ro, 0.67% Ro and 0.7% Ro, respectively. Moreover, the dynamic evolution process of Hydrocarbon accumulation was divided into three evolution stages, namely, (a) initial Hydrocarbon accumulation, (b) conventional Hydrocarbon reservoir and shale oil accumulation and (c) unconventional tight oil accumulation. The conventional oil, tight oil and movable shale oil Resource potentials were 10.44 × 108 t, 51.9 × 108 t and 390 × 108 t, respectively. This study demonstrates the good Resource prospects of E32 in the Qaidam Basin. A comprehensive workflow for unconventional petroleum Resource potential evaluation is provided, and it has certain reference significance for other petroliferous basins, especially those in the early unconventional Hydrocarbon exploration stage.