The Experts below are selected from a list of 264 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Il Moon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simulation of Hydrogen leak and explosion for the safety design of Hydrogen fueling Station in korea
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Jaedeuk Park, Il MoonAbstract:Abstract Hydrogen has been used as chemicals and fuels in industries for last decades. Recently, it has become attractive as one of promising green energy candidates in the era of facing with two critical energy issues such as accelerating deterioration of global environment (e.g. carbon dioxide emissions) as well as concerns on the depletion of limited fossil sources. A number of Hydrogen fueling Stations are under construction to fuel Hydrogen-driven vehicles. It would be indispensable to ensure the safety of Hydrogen Station equipment and operating procedure in order to prevent any leak and explosions of Hydrogen: safe design of facilities at Hydrogen fueling Stations e.g. pressurized Hydrogen leak from storage tanks. Several researches have centered on the behaviors of Hydrogen ejecting out of a set of holes of pressurized storage tanks or pipes. This work focuses on the 3D simulation of Hydrogen leak scenario cases at a Hydrogen fueling Station, given conditions of a set of pressures, 100, 200, 300, 400 bar and a set of Hydrogen ejecting hole sizes, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 mm, using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool, FLACS. The simulation is based on real 3D geometrical configuration of a Hydrogen fueling Station that is being commercially operated in Korea. The simulation results are validated with Hydrogen jet experimental data to examine the diffusion behavior of leak Hydrogen jet stream. Finally, a set of marginal safe configurations of fueling facility system are presented, together with an analysis of distribution characteristics of blast pressure, directionality of explosion. This work can contribute to marginal Hydrogen safety design for Hydrogen fueling Stations and a foundation on establishing a safety distance standard required to protect from Hydrogen explosion in Korea being in the absence of such an official requirement.
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development of a web based 3d virtual reality program for Hydrogen Station
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010Co-Authors: Il MoonAbstract:The Hydrogen fueling Station is an infrastructure of supplying fuel cell vehicles. It is necessary to guarantee the safety of Hydrogen Station equipment and operating procedure for decreasing intangible awareness of danger of Hydrogen. Among many methods of securing the safety of the Hydrogen Stations, the virtual experience by dynamic simulation of operating the facilities and equipment is important. Thus, we have developed a virtual reality operator education system, and an interactive Hydrogen safety training system. This paper focuses on the development of a virtual reality operator education of the Hydrogen fueling Station based on simulations of accident scenarios and hypothetical operating experience. The risks to equipment and personnel, associated with the manual operation of Hydrogen fueling Station demand rigorous personnel instruction. Trainees can practice how to use all necessary equipments and can experience twenty possible accident scenarios. This program also illustrates Emergency Response Plan and Standard Operating Procedure for both emergency and normal operations.
Jonathan Weinert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hydrogen refueling Station costs in shanghai
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2007Co-Authors: Joan M Ogden, Jonathan Weinert, Liu Shaojun, Ma JianxinAbstract:Abstract Interest in Hydrogen as a transportation fuel is growing in Shanghai. Shell Hydrogen, Tongji University, and the City of Shanghai plan to construct a network of refueling Stations throughout the city to stimulate fuel cell vehicle and bus deployment. The purpose of this paper is to (1) examine the near-term costs of building Hydrogen Stations of various types and sizes in Shanghai and (2) present a flexible cost analysis methodology that can be applied to other metropolitan regions. The costs for four different Station types are analyzed with respect to size and Hydrogen production method. These costs are compared with cost estimates of similar Stations built in California. Based on the Hydrogen Station cost analysis conducted here, we have found that Hydrogen costs ($/kg) vary considerably based on Station type and size. On-site Hydrogen production from methane or methanol results in the lowest cost per kg. The higher cost of truck-delivered Hydrogen from industrial sites in Shanghai vs. California is mainly due to feedstock costs differences. Electrolyzer Stations yield the highest Hydrogen cost.
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an assessment of the near term costs of Hydrogen refueling Stations and Station components
Institute of Transportation Studies, 2006Co-Authors: Jonathan Weinert, Timothy Edward LipmanAbstract:Interest in Hydrogen as a transportation fuel is growing in California. Plans are underway to construct a “Hydrogen Highway” network of Stations across the state to stimulate fuel cell vehicle deployment. One of the key challenges in the planning and financing of this network is determining the costs of the Stations. The purpose of this report is to examine the near-term costs of building Hydrogen Stations of various types and sizes. The costs for seven different Station types are analyzed with respect to size, siting factors, and operating factors. The first section of the report reviews the existing body of knowledge on Hydrogen Station costs. In the second section, we present Hydrogen Station cost data from the Compendium of Hydrogen Refueling Equipment Costs (CHREC), a database created to organize and analyze data collected from equipment suppliers, existing Stations and literature. The third section of the report presents the Hydrogen Station Cost Model (HSCM), an engineering/economic model developed to analyze the cost of Stations. Based on the Hydrogen Station cost analysis conducted here, we conclude the following: • Commercial scale Hydrogen Station costs vary widely, mostly as a function of Station size, and with a range of approximately $500,000 to over $5 million for Stations that produce and/or dispense 30 kg/day to 1,000 kg/day of Hydrogen. Mobile Hydrogen refuelers represent less expensive options for small demand levels, with lower capital costs of about $250,000. • Existing Hydrogen Station cost analyses tend to under-estimate true Station costs by assuming high production volume levels for equipment, neglecting Station installation costs, omitting important Station operating costs, and assuming optimistically high capacity factors. • Station utilization (i.e. capacity factor) has the most significant impact on Hydrogen price. • Hydrogen fuel costs can be reduced by siting Stations at strategic locations such as government-owned fleet yards and facilities that use Hydrogen for industrial purposes. • Hydrogen fuel costs ($/kg) are higher at small Stations (10-30 kg/day) that are burdened with high installation costs and low utilization of Station infrastructure. • Energy Stations that produce electricity for Stationary uses and Hydrogen for vehicles have the potential for low-cost Hydrogen due to increased equipment utilization. Costs of energy Stations are uncertain because few have been built.
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A Near-Term Economic Analysis of Hydrogen Fueling Stations
2005Co-Authors: Jonathan WeinertAbstract:There is growing interest in Hydrogen as a transportation fuel in California. Plans are underway to construct a �Hydrogen Highway� network of Stations across the state to stimulate fuel cell vehicle deployment. One of the key challenges however in the planning and financing of this network is determining the costs of the Stations. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the near-term costs of building Stations and answer the fundamental question, �how much would new Hydrogen Stations cost now?� The costs for seven different Station types are analyzed with respect to size, siting factors, and operating factors. The first chapter of the thesis reviews the existing body of knowledge on Hydrogen Station costs. In the second chapter, I present Hydrogen Station cost data in a database, the Compendium of Hydrogen Refueling Equipment Costs (CHREC), created to organize and analyze data collected from equipment suppliers, existing Stations and literature. The third chapter of the report presents the Hydrogen Station Cost Model (HSCM), an engineering/economic model also created as part of this thesis, to analyze the cost of Stations. In the final chapter of the report, the HSCM model is applied to the case of the proposed California Hydrogen Highway Network to indicate the costs of different Hydrogen infrastructure options. Based on these cost analyses, I conclude the following: * Existing Hydrogen Station cost analyses tend to under-estimate true Station costs by assuming high production volume levels for equipment, neglecting Station installation costs, and omitting important Station operating costs. * Station utilization (i.e. capacity factor) has the most significant impact on Hydrogen price. * Hydrogen fuel costs can be reduced by siting Stations at strategic locations such as government-owned fleet yards and facilities that use Hydrogen for industrial purposes. * Hydrogen fuel costs ($/kg) are higher at small Stations (10-30 kg/day) that are burdened with high installation costs and low utilization of Station infrastructure. * Energy Stations that produce electricity for Stationary uses and Hydrogen for vehicles have the potential for low-cost Hydrogen due to increased equipment utilization. Costs of energy Stations are uncertain because few have been built. * The Hydrogen Station Cost Model is a flexible tool for analyzing Hydrogen Station costs for a variety of conditions and assumptions.
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A Near-Term Economic Analysis of Hydrogen Fueling Stations - eScholarship
2005Co-Authors: Jonathan WeinertAbstract:There is growing interest in Hydrogen as a transportation fuel in California. Plans are underway to construct a �Hydrogen Highway� network of Stations across the state to stimulate fuel cell vehicle deployment. One of the key challenges however in the planning and financing of this network is determining the costs of the Stations. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the near-term costs of building Stations and answer the fundamental question, �how much would new Hydrogen Stations cost now?� The costs for seven different Station types are analyzed with respect to size, siting factors, and operating factors. The first chapter of the thesis reviews the existing body of knowledge on Hydrogen Station costs. In the second chapter, I present Hydrogen Station cost data in a database, the Compendium of Hydrogen Refueling Equipment Costs (CHREC), created to organize and analyze data collected from equipment suppliers, existing Stations and literature. The third chapter of the report presents the Hydrogen Station Cost Model (HSCM), an engineering/economic model also created as part of this thesis, to analyze the cost of Stations. In the final chapter of the report, the HSCM model is applied to the case of the proposed California Hydrogen Highway Network to indicate the costs of different Hydrogen infrastructure options. Based on these cost analyses, I conclude the following: * Existing Hydrogen Station cost analyses tend to under-estimate true Station costs by assuming high production volume levels for equipment, neglecting Station installation costs, and omitting important Station operating costs. * Station utilization (i.e. capacity factor) has the most significant impact on Hydrogen price. * Hydrogen fuel costs can be reduced by siting Stations at strategic locations such as government-owned fleet yards and facilities that use Hydrogen for industrial purposes. * Hydrogen fuel costs ($/kg) are higher at small Stations (10-30 kg/day) that are burdened with high installation costs and low utilization of Station infrastructure. * Energy Stations that produce electricity for Stationary uses and Hydrogen for vehicles have the potential for low-cost Hydrogen due to increased equipment utilization. Costs of energy Stations are uncertain because few have been built. * The Hydrogen Station Cost Model is a flexible tool for analyzing Hydrogen Station costs for a variety of conditions and assumptions.
Jacob Brouwer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamic operation and feasibility study of a self sustainable Hydrogen fueling Station using renewable energy sources
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2015Co-Authors: Li Zhao, Jacob BrouwerAbstract:Abstract To evaluate the dynamic operation and feasibility of designing and operating a self-sustainable Hydrogen fueling Station using renewable energy sources, dynamic system models have been developed for a Hydrogen fueling Station utilizing a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer and fuel cell. Using fueling and power demand data from an existing public Hydrogen Station in Irvine, California, dynamic analyses of the self-sustainable Station have been carried out. Various control strategies are developed and evaluated to determine the impacts of control strategies and renewable capacity factors on the efficiency and other performance characteristics of the Station. The simulation results and analysis suggest that with careful sizing and system design, a self-sustainable Hydrogen fueling Station that relies completely upon renewable sources for Hydrogen production, storage and dispensing is feasible. Moreover, a cost and sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the levelized Hydrogen cost for different Station designs. The cost of the Hydrogen is determined to be as low as $6.71 per kg or $9.14 per kg when the Station is powered by 200 kW of wind turbines or 360 kW of PV arrays, respectively.
Ricardo Brey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of a Hydrogen Station roll-out strategy to introduce Hydrogen vehicles in Andalusia
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2014Co-Authors: J. J. Brey, Ana F. Carazo, Ricardo BreyAbstract:Abstract The issue of the distribution of a sufficient infrastructure of Hydrogen fueling Stations to enable meeting of the initial demand and to satisfy the different roll-out scenarios has been addressed by different authors, in different geographies, and with different methods and approaches. In this paper, we use a spatial approach to study the prospect of a sequential roll-out strategy from the present time to 2030 for Andalusia, a region in southern Spain. In every stage, we identify main nodes and clusters by examining in which areas of this region the roll-out of fueling Stations should start. Finally, we estimate the number and size of fueling Stations for every stage, as well as the investment required for this infrastructure roll-out based on the estimated costs for each type of Hydrogen fueling Station over the aforesaid time.
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Analysis of a Hydrogen Station roll-out strategy to introduce Hydrogen vehicles in Andalusia
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2014Co-Authors: J. J. Brey, Ana F. Carazo, Ricardo BreyAbstract:The issue of the distribution of a sufficient infrastructure of Hydrogen fueling Stations to enable meeting of the initial demand and to satisfy the different roll-out scenarios has been addressed by different authors, in different geographies, and with different methods and approaches. In this paper, we use a spatial approach to study the prospect of a sequential roll-out strategy from the present time to 2030 for Andalusia, a region in southern Spain. In every stage, we identify main nodes and clusters by examining in which areas of this region the roll-out of fueling Stations should start. Finally, we estimate the number and size of fueling Stations for every stage, as well as the investment required for this infrastructure roll-out based on the estimated costs for each type of Hydrogen fueling Station over the aforesaid time. Copyright © 2013, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
M Suzuki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a demonstration project of the Hydrogen Station located on yakushima island operation and analysis of the Station
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2007Co-Authors: Yoshimitsu Uemura, Hirokazu Takanashi, Toshio Tsutsui, Takeshige Takahashi, Y Matsumoto, K Fujie, M SuzukiAbstract:Abstract Since Yakushima Island is rich in rainfall, hydroelectric power produced on the island is sufficient to cover all the energy demands on this island. A Hydrogen fueling Station was constructed on this island and Hydrogen was produced by water electrolysis. The Hydrogen production rate is 1.25 N m 3 / h . The produced Hydrogen was used for the driving tests of fuel cell vehicles, while the public acceptance of Hydrogen energy was studied. This Station is comprised of several systems, including Hydrogen generation, Hydrogen purification, compression and storage. During the operation of the Station, the electricity consumption by each component and the production rate of Hydrogen were measured. Since the facility is small, the energy efficiency is low. The total energy efficiency, which was calculated by dividing the potential energy of the compressed Hydrogen by the total electrical energy input to the Station, was 25% (LHV) and 30% (HHV).
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A demonstration project of the Hydrogen Station located on Yakushima Island—Operation and analysis of the Station
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2007Co-Authors: Yoshimitsu Uemura, Hirokazu Takanashi, Toshio Tsutsui, Takeshige Takahashi, Y Matsumoto, K Fujie, M SuzukiAbstract:Abstract Since Yakushima Island is rich in rainfall, hydroelectric power produced on the island is sufficient to cover all the energy demands on this island. A Hydrogen fueling Station was constructed on this island and Hydrogen was produced by water electrolysis. The Hydrogen production rate is 1.25 N m 3 / h . The produced Hydrogen was used for the driving tests of fuel cell vehicles, while the public acceptance of Hydrogen energy was studied. This Station is comprised of several systems, including Hydrogen generation, Hydrogen purification, compression and storage. During the operation of the Station, the electricity consumption by each component and the production rate of Hydrogen were measured. Since the facility is small, the energy efficiency is low. The total energy efficiency, which was calculated by dividing the potential energy of the compressed Hydrogen by the total electrical energy input to the Station, was 25% (LHV) and 30% (HHV).
