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Peter Nansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Parasites in cross-bred pigs in the Upper East region of Ghana.
Veterinary parasitology, 1999Co-Authors: Anders Permin, L Yelifari, P Bloch, N.r. Steenhard, N.p Hansen, Peter NansenAbstract:Abstract A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Upper East Region (UER) of Ghana in order to estimate the prevalence of parasitic infections in local cross-bred pigs. Out of 60 villages with a human population of 200–1000 inhabitants, 10 villages were randomly selected for the study. The number of pigs varied from 50 to 200 pigs per village. In total 259 faecal samples from growers were collected and examined. Ninety-one percent of the animals excreted parasite eggs. Among these the prevalence of Eimeria spp. was 77.2%, Isospora suis (27%) and Balantidium coli (19.3%).The following helminth eggs were identified: Metastrongylus salmi (19.3%); Physocephalus sexalatus (17.4%); Oesophagostomum spp./Hyostrongylus rubidus (60.6%); Trichuris suis (4.6%); Ascaris suum (12.7%); Ascarops strongylina (8.1%); Brachylaemus suis (1.9%); Paragonimus suis (0.8%); Globocephalus urosubulatus (2.7%); and Schistosoma suis (0.4%). Furthermore, six growers were selected from each village for clinical and postmortem examinations, i.e. 60 in total. The clinical examinations revealed ectoparasites on 98.3% of the animals. The ectoparasites were: Haematopinus suis (66.7%); Boophilus spp. (58.3%); Amblyomma spp (45.0%); Sarcoptes suis (38.3%); and Rhipicephalus spp. (8.3%). All pigs were examined for the presence of haemoparasites. It was found that 23.3% of the animals had haemoparasites. These were: Babesia perroncitoi (23.3%); Babesia trautmanni (13.3%); and Eperytrozoon suis (1.7%). Based on postmortem examinations the following adult worms were identified: Metastrongylus salmi (83.3%); Oesophagostomum dentatum (63.3%); Oesophagostomum quadrispinulatum (38.3%); Hyostrongylus rubidus (23.3%); Ascarops strongylina (76.7%); Globocephalus urosubulatus (20.0%); Strongyloides spp. (1.7%); and Physocephalus sexalatus (65.0%). Cysts of the human tapeworm Taenia solium, Cysticercus cellulosae, were present in 11.7% of the animals. Small pieces of the diaphragm were examined for the presence of Sarcocystis spp.. The prevalence was 28.3%, but no larvae of Trichinella spp. were found. Furthermore, four of the animals (6.7%) had Taenia hydatigena cysts.
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Effect of time on migration of Oesophagostomum spp. and Hyostrongylus rubidus out of agar-gel.
Parasitology Research, 1998Co-Authors: Pawel Nosal, C M Christensen, Peter NansenAbstract:The agar-gel migration technique has previously been described, however, aspects regarding the effect of timing on worm migration needed further scrutiny. In the first experiment, pigs inoculated with Oesophagostomum dentatum were slaughtered simultaneously and their intestines stored at 21–23 °C until processed pairwise 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 18 h after slaughter. More than 95% of the worms migrated out of the agar if processed within 6 h. In the second experiment, intestines were treated immediately after slaughter and the migratory speed of adult worms or 4th-stage larvae of O. dentatum or O. quadrispinulatum, or adult Hyostrongylus rubidus were studied. For both Oesophagostomum species, more than 90% of the worms were recovered within 1 h. H. rubidus was significantly slower; however, approximately 98% of the worms had migrated out of the agar-gel by 20 h. This information is essential in planning experiments where recovery of live worms is of value.
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A study on the transmission of Oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus among outdoor reared pigs in Denmark.
Acta veterinaria Scandinavica, 1994Co-Authors: Dangolla A, Henrik Bjørn, Peter NansenAbstract:This study was carried out to obtain basic information on the transmission of Oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus in outdoor reared pigs in Denmark. Eighteen 10 weeks old worm-free pigs were allocated into 3 groups of 6 pigs each. In May, all pigs were turned out on the same parasitologically naive pasture, and after 2 weeks the pigs in groups 2 and 3 were experimentally infected with 10,800 O. dentatum and 8,700 H. rubidus infective larvae, respectively. Pigs in group 1 served as non-infected controls. All pigs were reared together on the experimental pasture for further 134 days until slaughter in October. Strongyle egg counts, differentiation of infective larvae at species level, serum pepsinogen, and herbage larval infectivity were monitored at regular intervals throughout. Both strongyle species established in the originally parasite-free pigs (group 1) and cross infections were established in group 2 and 3. The pigs were exposed to steadily increasing herbage infectivity of both species of strongyles. At the end of the experiment, geometric mean worm burdens of O. dentatum in groups 1, 2 and 3 were 1202, 6136 and 1431 respectively, the burden in group 2 being significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the 2 other groups. The geometric mean worm burdens of H. rubidus in groups 1, 2 and 3 were 4907, 3679 and 5246 respectively, showing no significant differences between groups.
Beckers Jean-françois - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation de l’utilisation du pepsinogène sanguin comme biomarqueur de l’intégrité de la muqueuse gastrique chez le porc. 2. Méthodes de dosage et intérêt en pathologie porcine
2003Co-Authors: Banga-mboko Henri, Godeau Jean-marie, Drion Pierre, Sidikou I. D., Remy Benoit, Beckers Jean-françoisAbstract:Pepsinogen is one component of the gastric juice which participes in the digestion. This macromolecule enters the blood circulation in a small measurable quantities in healthy subjects. Therefore, blood pepsinogen is claimed to be an indicator of the integrity of the gastric mucosa. This paper was written to review the use of porcine in the diagnostic of stomach ulcers and Hyostrongylus rubidus infection. The methods of measurement of blood pepsinogen and the diagnostic values are discussed.Le pepsinogène est une composante du suc gastrique qui participe à la digestion des protéines alimentaires. Il est aussi parmi les macromolécules qui entrent dans la circulation sanguine en faibles quantités mesurables chez des sujets normaux. Son dosage est utilisé dans la mise en évidence de certaines pathologies gastriques chez le porc. Cette synthèse décrit les méthodes de dosage et des valeurs sériques ou plasmatiques du pepsinogène en relation avec des ulcères ou les infestations parasitaires à Hyostrongylus rubidus chez le porcPeer reviewe
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Evaluation de l’utilisation du pepsinogène sanguin comme biomarqueur de l’intégrité de la muqueuse gastrique chez le porc. 2. Méthodes de dosage et intérêt en pathologie porcine
Université de Liège, 2003Co-Authors: Banga-mboko Henri, Godeau Jean-marie, Drion Pierre, Sidikou I. D., Remy Benoit, Beckers Jean-françoisAbstract:peer reviewedaudience: researcher, professionalPepsinogen is one component of the gastric juice which participes in the digestion. This macromolecule enters the blood circulation in a small measurable quantities in healthy subjects. Therefore, blood pepsinogen is claimed to be an indicator of the integrity of the gastric mucosa. This paper was written to review the use of porcine in the diagnostic of stomach ulcers and Hyostrongylus rubidus infection. The methods of measurement of blood pepsinogen and the diagnostic values are discussed.Le pepsinogène est une composante du suc gastrique qui participe à la digestion des protéines alimentaires. Il est aussi parmi les macromolécules qui entrent dans la circulation sanguine en faibles quantités mesurables chez des sujets normaux. Son dosage est utilisé dans la mise en évidence de certaines pathologies gastriques chez le porc. Cette synthèse décrit les méthodes de dosage et des valeurs sériques ou plasmatiques du pepsinogène en relation avec des ulcères ou les infestations parasitaires à Hyostrongylus rubidus chez le por
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Survey of gastric lesions and blood pepsinogen levels in pigs in Burkina Faso
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2003Co-Authors: Banga-mboko H., Remy Benoit, Tamboura H., Maes D., Traore H., Sangild P. T., El Amiri Bouchra, Bayala B., Beckers Jean-françoisAbstract:peer reviewedaudience: researcher, professionalThe purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of gastric lesions and to provide diagnostic values for serum pepsinogen in non-infected pigs and in pigs with gastric disease. In an abattoir survey, the pepsinogen concentrations were measured in the serum from 62 non-infected pigs, 33 pigs with gastric lesions and 17 pigs infected with Hyostrongylus rubidus, using a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA). The mean (+/-SE) pepsinogen concentrations in the serum of non-infected pigs, in pigs with gastric ulcers, and in pigs with a heavy H. rubidus infection were 630.8 +/- 39.2 ng/ml, 1084.5 +/- 166.2 ng/ml and 1095.2 +/- 102.3 ng/ml, respectively (p < 0.05). Because of the higher concentrations of pepsinogen in the blood of pigs with gastric ulcers or parasitic infections, it is suggested that the measurement of serum pepsinogen by RIA may be an effective biochemical approach to the diagnosis of chronic gastric disorders in pigs
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Survey of gastric lesions and blood pepsinogen levels in pigs in Burkina Faso
2003Co-Authors: Banga-mboko H., Remy Benoit, Tamboura H., Maes D., Traore H., Sangild P. T., El Amiri Bouchra, Bayala B., Beckers Jean-françoisAbstract:The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of gastric lesions and to provide diagnostic values for serum pepsinogen in non-infected pigs and in pigs with gastric disease. In an abattoir survey, the pepsinogen concentrations were measured in the serum from 62 non-infected pigs, 33 pigs with gastric lesions and 17 pigs infected with Hyostrongylus rubidus, using a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA). The mean (+/-SE) pepsinogen concentrations in the serum of non-infected pigs, in pigs with gastric ulcers, and in pigs with a heavy H. rubidus infection were 630.8 +/- 39.2 ng/ml, 1084.5 +/- 166.2 ng/ml and 1095.2 +/- 102.3 ng/ml, respectively (p < 0.05). Because of the higher concentrations of pepsinogen in the blood of pigs with gastric ulcers or parasitic infections, it is suggested that the measurement of serum pepsinogen by RIA may be an effective biochemical approach to the diagnosis of chronic gastric disorders in pigs.Peer reviewe
Allan Roepstorff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in growing pigs in Kabale District in Uganda
Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2011Co-Authors: Sofie Nissen, Allan Roepstorff, Idahella H. Poulsen, Peter Nejsum, Annette Olsen, C. Rubaire-akiiki, Stig M. ThamsborgAbstract:During the last 30 years, pig production in Uganda and neighbouring counties has increased markedly. Pigs are mainly kept as a source of income for small-scale farmers; however, the pig production is subject to several constraints, one of them being worm infections. A study was carried out in rural communities in Kabale District in the South Western part of Uganda in September and October 2007 in order to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode parasites in pigs based on coprological examination. Fifty-six households were randomly selected and visited. Housing system and deworming history were recorded. Faeces was sampled from rectum of one to five pigs (age, 3–12 months) per household. A total of 106 pigs were examined coprologically of which 91% excreted nematode eggs. The following prevalences of nematode eggs were recorded: strongyles (89%), Ascaris suum (40%), Trichuris suis (17%) and spiruroid eggs (48%). On household level, rearing pigs on slatted floors in pens significantly reduced the faecal egg excretion of strongyle eggs with almost 80% ( p = 0.010) and a significant interaction between floor type and anthelmintic treatment was found for spiruroids ( p = 0.037). Fifteen T. suis egg positive pigs were selected for post-mortem examination of the gastrointestinal tract. The post-mortem examinations revealed that 93% pigs were infected with Oesophagostomum spp. (worm burden, min–max 10–2,180), 73% with A. suum (1–36), 67% with T. suis (6–58), and 20% with Hyostrongylus rubidus (worms not quantified). In general, nematode infections were widespread and polyparasitism common in pigs in Uganda. However, worm burdens were moderate which may be related to recent deworming or to the practice of rearing pigs on slatted floors in wooden elevated pens.
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transmission dynamics of helminth parasites of pigs on continuous pasture oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus
International Journal for Parasitology, 1997Co-Authors: Allan Roepstorff, K D MurrellAbstract:Abstract An increase in alternative outdoor pig production systems is occuring in Denmark, and this study was designed to elucidate the transmission patterns of Oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus in pigs allowed to graze continuously on a pasture. A group of pigs was turned out in May 1993 (Year 1 of the study) and subsequently inoculated with low numbers of both helminths. These pigs were followed parasitologically until October by serial necropsy and sampling of faeces, grass and soil. A non-inoculated group of pigs was similarly followed on the same pasture in Year 2 (1994). Pasture infectivity was measured using helminth-naive tracer pigs during all seasons. The pasture vegetation was rapidly destroyed by the pigs, resulting in a dirt lot by the autumn of Year 2. The area was soon contaminated with eggs, resulting in heavy pasture infectivity and increasing worm burdens in late summer; then the numbers of larvae declined markedly. In May of Year 2, newly exposed pigs became only lightly infected (mostly O. dentatum), and no transmission was observed in July–August of Year 2, probably due to an unusually dry summer and a lack of protecting vegetation. The results indicate that both O. dentatum and H. rubidus are very sensitive to environmental factors, because significant transmission occurred only under the most favourable conditions (summer combined with protecting vegetation as in Year 1). Transmission was severely reduced during the low temperatures experienced in the winter between Years 1 and 2 and during the dry summer of Year 2, when vegetation was lacking. Continuous grazing actually reduced transmission of O. dentatum and H. rubidus because of the reduction in vegetation. This, however, is not a desirable alternative farming system, because of its adverse environmental effects. This environmental impact may be mitigated by employment of a pasture rotation system in place of continuous grazing.
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control of oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus in outdoor reared pigs by daily feeding with the microfungus duddingtonia flagrans
Parasitology Research, 1996Co-Authors: P Nansen, M Larsen, Allan Roepstorff, Jorn Gronvold, J Wolstrup, S A HenriksenAbstract:An investigation of pasture-reared pigs experimentally infected with Oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus showed that daily doses in the feed with the microfungus Duddingtonia flagrans over a 2-month period led to lowered herbage larval infectivity of both species. This was further substantiated by low worm recoveries in initially parasite-naive tracer pigs that were later introduced to the pasture plot. The control setup comprised the release of similarly infected but nondosed pigs on a plot of the same area, followed by a group of tracer pigs. This paper discusses the potentials for using this biological control principle in the pig industry and emphasizes the research required, primarily regarding production technology and elaboration of feasible epidemiology-based dosing regimens, before such control can be implemented in practice.
K D Murrell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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transmission dynamics of helminth parasites of pigs on continuous pasture oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus
International Journal for Parasitology, 1997Co-Authors: Allan Roepstorff, K D MurrellAbstract:Abstract An increase in alternative outdoor pig production systems is occuring in Denmark, and this study was designed to elucidate the transmission patterns of Oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus in pigs allowed to graze continuously on a pasture. A group of pigs was turned out in May 1993 (Year 1 of the study) and subsequently inoculated with low numbers of both helminths. These pigs were followed parasitologically until October by serial necropsy and sampling of faeces, grass and soil. A non-inoculated group of pigs was similarly followed on the same pasture in Year 2 (1994). Pasture infectivity was measured using helminth-naive tracer pigs during all seasons. The pasture vegetation was rapidly destroyed by the pigs, resulting in a dirt lot by the autumn of Year 2. The area was soon contaminated with eggs, resulting in heavy pasture infectivity and increasing worm burdens in late summer; then the numbers of larvae declined markedly. In May of Year 2, newly exposed pigs became only lightly infected (mostly O. dentatum), and no transmission was observed in July–August of Year 2, probably due to an unusually dry summer and a lack of protecting vegetation. The results indicate that both O. dentatum and H. rubidus are very sensitive to environmental factors, because significant transmission occurred only under the most favourable conditions (summer combined with protecting vegetation as in Year 1). Transmission was severely reduced during the low temperatures experienced in the winter between Years 1 and 2 and during the dry summer of Year 2, when vegetation was lacking. Continuous grazing actually reduced transmission of O. dentatum and H. rubidus because of the reduction in vegetation. This, however, is not a desirable alternative farming system, because of its adverse environmental effects. This environmental impact may be mitigated by employment of a pasture rotation system in place of continuous grazing.
P Nansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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control of oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus in outdoor reared pigs by daily feeding with the microfungus duddingtonia flagrans
Parasitology Research, 1996Co-Authors: P Nansen, M Larsen, Allan Roepstorff, Jorn Gronvold, J Wolstrup, S A HenriksenAbstract:An investigation of pasture-reared pigs experimentally infected with Oesophagostomum dentatum and Hyostrongylus rubidus showed that daily doses in the feed with the microfungus Duddingtonia flagrans over a 2-month period led to lowered herbage larval infectivity of both species. This was further substantiated by low worm recoveries in initially parasite-naive tracer pigs that were later introduced to the pasture plot. The control setup comprised the release of similarly infected but nondosed pigs on a plot of the same area, followed by a group of tracer pigs. This paper discusses the potentials for using this biological control principle in the pig industry and emphasizes the research required, primarily regarding production technology and elaboration of feasible epidemiology-based dosing regimens, before such control can be implemented in practice.
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development of the free living stages of Hyostrongylus rubidus and oesophagostomum spp at different temperatures and humidities
Journal of Helminthology, 1995Co-Authors: E C Fossing, T S B Knudsen, H Bjorn, P NansenAbstract:: Faeces containing a mixture of Hyostrongylus rubidus and Oesophagostomum spp. eggs were mixed with vermiculite and water and set up at combinations of different relative humidities (65.5%, 79.5% 90.0%, and 100%) and temperatures (5 degrees C, 10 degrees C, 15 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 25 degrees C) in order to study the rate of egg hatching and larval development. The study established that the development from egg to infective larva showed similar patterns for the two parasites. Optimum development and survival was in the temperature range from 15 degrees C to 20 degrees C and at humidities from 79.5 to 95.5%.