The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Delphine Lenne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
neonatal Hyperglycemia inhibits angiogenesis and induces inflammation and neuronal degeneration in the retina
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Elsa Kermorvantduchemin, Alexis Christophe Pinel, Sophie Lavalette, Delphine LenneAbstract:Recent evidence suggests that transient Hyperglycemia in extremely low birth weight infants is strongly associated with the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We propose a new model of Neonatal Hyperglycemia-induced Retinopathy (NHIR) that mimics many aspects of retinopathy of prematurity. Hyperglycemia was induced in newborn rat pups by injection of streptozocine (STZ) at post natal day one (P1). At various time points, animals were assessed for vascular abnormalities, neuronal cell death and accumulation and activation of microglial cells. We here report that streptozotocin induced a rapid and sustained increase of glycemia from P2/3 to P6 without affecting rat pups gain weight or necessitating insulin treatment. Retinal vascular area was significantly reduced in P6 hyperglycemic animals compared to control animals. Hyperglycemia was associated with (i) CCL2 chemokine induction at P6, (ii) a significant recruitment of inflammatory macrophages and an increase in total number of Iba+ macrophages/microglia cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL), and (iii) excessive apoptosis in the INL. NHIR thereby reproduces several aspects of ischemic retinopathies, including ROP and diabetic retinopathies, and might be a useful model to decipher Hyperglycemia-induced cellular and molecular mechanisms in the small rodent.
Can Ince - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
short term Hyperglycemia increases endothelial glycocalyx permeability and acutely decreases lineal density of capillaries with flowing red blood cells
Journal of Applied Physiology, 2005Co-Authors: Coert J Zuurbier, Cihan Demirci, Anneke Koeman, Hans Vink, Can InceAbstract:Hyperglycemia is becoming recognized as an important risk factor for microvascular dysfunction. We hypothesized that short-term Hyperglycemia, either on the scale of hours or weeks, alters the barrier function and the volume of the endothelial glycocalyx and decreases functional capillary density and deformability of the red blood cells (RBCs). All experiments were performed in anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, C57BL/6 mice that were either normoglycemic, acutely hyperglycemic (25 mM) for 60 min due to infusion of glucose, or hyperglycemic (25 mM) for 2-4 wk (db/db mice). The glycocalyx was probed using 40-kDa Texas red dextran, which is known to permeate the glycocalyx, and 70-kDa FITC dextran, which has impaired access to the glycocalyx in healthy animals. Clearance of the dye from the blood was measured. An orthogonal polarization spectral imaging technique was used to visualize the number of capillaries with flowing RBCs of the dorsal flexor muscle. The data indicate that short-term Hyperglycemia causes a rapid decrease of the ability of the glycocalyx to exclude 70-kDa dextran. No change in the vascular permeation of 40-kDa dextran was observed. Glycocalyx volume was not affected by short-term Hyperglycemia. In addition, 1 h of Hyperglycemia resulted in a 38% decrease of the lineal density of capillaries with flowing RBCs. This decreased lineal density was not observed in the 2- to 4-wk Hyperglycemia model. Short-term Hyperglycemia was without any effect on the deformablity of the RBCs. The data indicate that the described increased vascular permeability with Hyperglycemia can be ascribed to an increased permeability of the glycocalyx, identifying the glycocalyx as a potential early target of Hyperglycemia.
Geremia B Bolli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
acute short term Hyperglycemia enhances shear stress induced platelet activation in patients with type ii diabetes mellitus
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2003Co-Authors: Paolo Gresele, Giuseppe Guglielmini, Massimiliano De Angelis, Silvia Ciferri, M Ciofetta, Emanuela Falcinelli, Claudia Lalli, Giovanni Davì, Giovanni Ciabattoni, Geremia B BolliAbstract:Abstract Objectives The aim of our study was to assess whether acute, short-term Hyperglycemia affects platelet reactivity in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Background Hyperglycemic spikes are thought to precipitate ischemic events in T2DM. Previous studies have shown in vivo platelet activation in diabetes; however, no studies have assessed whether acute in vivo Hyperglycemia induces further activation of platelets. Methods In a cross-over, randomized, double-blind study, 12 patients with T2DM underwent 4 h of either acute Hyperglycemia (13.9 mmol/l, 250 mg/dl) or euglycemia (5.5 mmol/l, 100 mg/dl). Shear stress-induced platelet activation, P-selectin and lysosomal integral membrane protein (LIMP) expression on platelets in the bleeding-time blood, urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B 2 (TxB 2 ) excretion, von Willebrand factor:antigen (vWF:Ag), and von Willebrand factor:activity (vWF:activity) were measured before and after Hyperglycemia or euglycemia. Results Shear stress-induced platelet activation, P-selectin and LIMP expression on platelets in the bleeding-time blood, and urinary 11-dehydro-TxB 2 excretion increased significantly after hyperglycemic clamping, whereas no changes were observed after euglycemic clamping. Plasma vWF:Ag and vWF:activity increased strikingly in parallel fashion after hyperglycemic clamping, whereas no changes were observed after euglycemic clamping. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that acute, short-term Hyperglycemia induces an increased activation of platelets exposed to high shear stress conditions in vitro (filtration method) or in vivo (bleeding time). In vivo platelet activation is reflected by an increased urinary excretion of 11-dehydro-TxB 2 . The increased levels of vWF in the circulation correlate with the increase in platelet activation markers and may indicate some degree of causation. Acute, short-term Hyperglycemia in T2DM may precipitate vascular occlusions by facilitating platelet activation.
Craig Cochran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
incidence and management of postoperative Hyperglycemia in patients undergoing insulinoma resection
Endocrine, 2018Co-Authors: Pavel Nockel, Amit Tirosh, Mustapha El Lakis, Apostolos Gaitanidis, Roxanne Merkel, Dhaval Patel, Naris Nilubol, Samira M Sadowski, Craig CochranAbstract:It has been proposed that rebound Hyperglycemia after resection of insulinoma indicates a biochemical cure. However, there is scant objective data in the literature on the rate and need for intervention in Hyperglycemia in patients undergoing resection of insulinoma. The goal of our study was to evaluate the rate of postoperative Hyperglycemia, any predisposing factors, and the need for intervention in a prospective cohort study of all patients undergoing routine glucose monitoring. A retrospective analysis of 33 patients who had an insulinoma resected and who underwent routine postoperative monitoring of blood glucose (every hour for the first six hours then every four hours for the first 24 h) was performed. Hyperglycemia was defined as glucose greater than 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/l). Twelve patients (36%) developed Hyperglycemia within 24 h (range 1–16 h). In patients with Hyperglycemia, the mean maximum plasma glucose level was 221.5 mg/dL (range 97–325 mg/dL) (12.3 mmol/l), and four (33%) patients were treated with insulin. There was no significant difference in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), tumor size, biochemical profile, or surgical approach and extent of pancreatectomy between patients who developed Hyperglycemia and those who did not. Pre-excision and post-excision intraoperative insulin levels were evaluated in 14 of 33 patients. The percentage decrease of the intraoperative insulin levels was not significantly different between patients who developed Hyperglycemia and those who did not. All patients with postoperative Hyperglycemia had normalization of their glucose levels, and none were discharged on anti-hyperglycemic agents. Hyperglycemia is common after insulinoma resection, and a subset of patients require transient treatment with insulin.
Amit Tirosh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
incidence and management of postoperative Hyperglycemia in patients undergoing insulinoma resection
Endocrine, 2018Co-Authors: Pavel Nockel, Amit Tirosh, Mustapha El Lakis, Apostolos Gaitanidis, Roxanne Merkel, Dhaval Patel, Naris Nilubol, Samira M Sadowski, Craig CochranAbstract:It has been proposed that rebound Hyperglycemia after resection of insulinoma indicates a biochemical cure. However, there is scant objective data in the literature on the rate and need for intervention in Hyperglycemia in patients undergoing resection of insulinoma. The goal of our study was to evaluate the rate of postoperative Hyperglycemia, any predisposing factors, and the need for intervention in a prospective cohort study of all patients undergoing routine glucose monitoring. A retrospective analysis of 33 patients who had an insulinoma resected and who underwent routine postoperative monitoring of blood glucose (every hour for the first six hours then every four hours for the first 24 h) was performed. Hyperglycemia was defined as glucose greater than 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/l). Twelve patients (36%) developed Hyperglycemia within 24 h (range 1–16 h). In patients with Hyperglycemia, the mean maximum plasma glucose level was 221.5 mg/dL (range 97–325 mg/dL) (12.3 mmol/l), and four (33%) patients were treated with insulin. There was no significant difference in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), tumor size, biochemical profile, or surgical approach and extent of pancreatectomy between patients who developed Hyperglycemia and those who did not. Pre-excision and post-excision intraoperative insulin levels were evaluated in 14 of 33 patients. The percentage decrease of the intraoperative insulin levels was not significantly different between patients who developed Hyperglycemia and those who did not. All patients with postoperative Hyperglycemia had normalization of their glucose levels, and none were discharged on anti-hyperglycemic agents. Hyperglycemia is common after insulinoma resection, and a subset of patients require transient treatment with insulin.