The Experts below are selected from a list of 60 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Diego Vecchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • retinal thickness and nerve fiber layer variations in subjects exposed to Hypobarism and rapid decompression
    Italian Journal of Aerospace Medicine, 2016
    Co-Authors: Raffaele Antonio Esposito, Diego Vecchi
    Abstract:

    Objective: According to several studies, Hypobarism and hypoxia are the most important variables that can cause variations of retinal parameters in high altitude, through not well known mechanisms. The present study, thanks to hypobaric chamber, evaluates the variations of that parameters (Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Optic Nerve Head inferior and superior) depending on high altitude profile or rapid decompression profile, characterized by different levels of Hypobarism and hypoxia. Methods: Eight male Aspirant Pilots of the Italian Air Force Academy , with an average age of 23, were enrolled for this study.These subjects  were test with SD-OCT (Spectral Domain- Optical Coherence Tomography) before the two profiles and after them. Results: The statistical analysis of data, realized with ANOVA, has shown a statistically significant reduction of RNFL, ONHi e ONHs (p<0,05). Conclusion: This research confirm the presence of retinal variation in subjects exposed to Hypobarism and hypoxia, but it needs the application of additional techniques to understand in a better way the mechanisms of these variations.

  • RETINAL THICKNESS AND NERVE FIBER LAYER VARIATIONS IN SUBJECTS EXPOSED TO Hypobarism AND RAPID DECOMPRESSION
    Italian Journal of Aerospace Medicine, 2016
    Co-Authors: Raffaele Antonio Esposito, Diego Vecchi
    Abstract:

    Objective: According to several studies, Hypobarism and hypoxia are the most important variables that can cause variations of retinal parameters in high altitude, through not well known mechanisms. The present study, thanks to hypobaric chamber, evaluates the variations of that parameters (Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Optic Nerve Head inferior and superior) depending on high altitude profile or rapid decompression profile, characterized by different levels of Hypobarism and hypoxia. Methods: Eight male Aspirant Pilots of the Italian Air Force Academy , with an average age of 23, were enrolled for this study.These subjects  were test with SD-OCT (Spectral Domain- Optical Coherence Tomography) before the two profiles and after them. Results: The statistical analysis of data, realized with ANOVA, has shown a statistically significant reduction of RNFL, ONHi e ONHs (p

Raffaele Antonio Esposito - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • retinal thickness and nerve fiber layer variations in subjects exposed to Hypobarism and rapid decompression
    Italian Journal of Aerospace Medicine, 2016
    Co-Authors: Raffaele Antonio Esposito, Diego Vecchi
    Abstract:

    Objective: According to several studies, Hypobarism and hypoxia are the most important variables that can cause variations of retinal parameters in high altitude, through not well known mechanisms. The present study, thanks to hypobaric chamber, evaluates the variations of that parameters (Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Optic Nerve Head inferior and superior) depending on high altitude profile or rapid decompression profile, characterized by different levels of Hypobarism and hypoxia. Methods: Eight male Aspirant Pilots of the Italian Air Force Academy , with an average age of 23, were enrolled for this study.These subjects  were test with SD-OCT (Spectral Domain- Optical Coherence Tomography) before the two profiles and after them. Results: The statistical analysis of data, realized with ANOVA, has shown a statistically significant reduction of RNFL, ONHi e ONHs (p<0,05). Conclusion: This research confirm the presence of retinal variation in subjects exposed to Hypobarism and hypoxia, but it needs the application of additional techniques to understand in a better way the mechanisms of these variations.

  • RETINAL THICKNESS AND NERVE FIBER LAYER VARIATIONS IN SUBJECTS EXPOSED TO Hypobarism AND RAPID DECOMPRESSION
    Italian Journal of Aerospace Medicine, 2016
    Co-Authors: Raffaele Antonio Esposito, Diego Vecchi
    Abstract:

    Objective: According to several studies, Hypobarism and hypoxia are the most important variables that can cause variations of retinal parameters in high altitude, through not well known mechanisms. The present study, thanks to hypobaric chamber, evaluates the variations of that parameters (Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Optic Nerve Head inferior and superior) depending on high altitude profile or rapid decompression profile, characterized by different levels of Hypobarism and hypoxia. Methods: Eight male Aspirant Pilots of the Italian Air Force Academy , with an average age of 23, were enrolled for this study.These subjects  were test with SD-OCT (Spectral Domain- Optical Coherence Tomography) before the two profiles and after them. Results: The statistical analysis of data, realized with ANOVA, has shown a statistically significant reduction of RNFL, ONHi e ONHs (p

Giorgio Fanò - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Performances in extreme environments: effects of hyper/Hypobarism and hypogravity on skeletal muscle
    European Journal of Translational Myology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Gerardo Bosco, Vittore Verratti, Giorgio Fanò
    Abstract:

    Many environmental factors may affect muscle plasticity but some have exclusive characteristics that allow them to play a key role to maintain the muscle capacity to generate force; these factors are: i) the oxygen availability and ii) the load applied to muscle fibres. Hyperbarism is a condition that occurs when a man is subjected to pressure increases. To keep the lungs from collapsing, the air is supplied to him under high pressure which exposes the blood in the lungs to high alveolar gas pressures. Under this condition, the PO2 become sufficiently increased, serious disorders may occur, such as modification of oxygen delivery and/or oxygen availability to permit regular muscle contraction. Also altitude hypobaric hypoxia induces modification of muscle capacity to generate work. Prolonged exposure to high altitude leads significant loss in body mass, thigh muscle mass, muscle fiber area and volume density of muscle mitochondria. Spaceflight results in a number of adaptations to skeletal muscle, including atrophy and early muscle fatigue. Muscle atrophy is observed in a wide range of muscles, with the most extensive loss occurring in the legs, because astronauts are no longer needed to support the body's weight. This review will describe the background on these topics suggesting the strategies to correct the specific muscle changes in presence of environmental stresses, such as the alteration in oxygen-derived signaling pathways or the metabolic consequence of microgravity that may indicate rational interventions to maintain muscle mass and function

  • performances in extreme environments effects of hyper Hypobarism and hypogravity on skeletal muscle
    European Journal of Translational Myology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Gerardo Bosco, Vittore Verratti, Giorgio Fanò
    Abstract:

    Many environmental factors may affect muscle plasticity but some have exclusive characteristics that allow them to play a key role to maintain the muscle capacity to generate force; these factors are: i) the oxygen availability and ii) the load applied to muscle fibres. Hyperbarism is a condition that occurs when a man is subjected to pressure increases. To keep the lungs from collapsing, the air is supplied to him under high pressure which exposes the blood in the lungs to high alveolar gas pressures. Under this condition, the PO2 become sufficiently increased, serious disorders may occur, such as modification of oxygen delivery and/or oxygen availability to permit regular muscle contraction. Also altitude hypobaric hypoxia induces modification of muscle capacity to generate work. Prolonged exposure to high altitude leads significant loss in body mass, thigh muscle mass, muscle fiber area and volume density of muscle mitochondria. Spaceflight results in a number of adaptations to skeletal muscle, including atrophy and early muscle fatigue. Muscle atrophy is observed in a wide range of muscles, with the most extensive loss occurring in the legs, because astronauts are no longer needed to support the body's weight. This review will describe the background on these topics suggesting the strategies to correct the specific muscle changes in presence of environmental stresses, such as the alteration in oxygen-derived signaling pathways or the metabolic consequence of microgravity that may indicate rational interventions to maintain muscle mass and function.

Marcos Serrano-dueñas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • High-altitude headache.
    Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Marcos Serrano-dueñas
    Abstract:

    A human being’s exposure to altitude, and the consequent Hypobarism, entails a complex series of adaptive mechanisms that depend on the rate of ascent and the altitude reached. When these mechanisms fail, so-called acute mountain sickness (AMS) results, with headache as its predominant symptom. It has been observed, nonetheless, that well-acclimated mountaineers may have headache without symptoms of AMS. We consider that high altitude and ensuing Hypobarism bring about three possibilities of cephalalgia: the first is covered by the set of AMS clinical manifestations and is undoubtedly the most frequent; the second occurs independently of acute mountain sickness and is probably due exclusively to hypoxia; and the third includes altitude-triggered migraine or migraine-like episodes. These are neurogenic problems secondary to hypoxia caused by Hypobarism and, in all events, have a common denominator: hypoxia and a fundamental white organ, the brain.

Gerardo Bosco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Performances in extreme environments: effects of hyper/Hypobarism and hypogravity on skeletal muscle
    European Journal of Translational Myology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Gerardo Bosco, Vittore Verratti, Giorgio Fanò
    Abstract:

    Many environmental factors may affect muscle plasticity but some have exclusive characteristics that allow them to play a key role to maintain the muscle capacity to generate force; these factors are: i) the oxygen availability and ii) the load applied to muscle fibres. Hyperbarism is a condition that occurs when a man is subjected to pressure increases. To keep the lungs from collapsing, the air is supplied to him under high pressure which exposes the blood in the lungs to high alveolar gas pressures. Under this condition, the PO2 become sufficiently increased, serious disorders may occur, such as modification of oxygen delivery and/or oxygen availability to permit regular muscle contraction. Also altitude hypobaric hypoxia induces modification of muscle capacity to generate work. Prolonged exposure to high altitude leads significant loss in body mass, thigh muscle mass, muscle fiber area and volume density of muscle mitochondria. Spaceflight results in a number of adaptations to skeletal muscle, including atrophy and early muscle fatigue. Muscle atrophy is observed in a wide range of muscles, with the most extensive loss occurring in the legs, because astronauts are no longer needed to support the body's weight. This review will describe the background on these topics suggesting the strategies to correct the specific muscle changes in presence of environmental stresses, such as the alteration in oxygen-derived signaling pathways or the metabolic consequence of microgravity that may indicate rational interventions to maintain muscle mass and function

  • performances in extreme environments effects of hyper Hypobarism and hypogravity on skeletal muscle
    European Journal of Translational Myology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Gerardo Bosco, Vittore Verratti, Giorgio Fanò
    Abstract:

    Many environmental factors may affect muscle plasticity but some have exclusive characteristics that allow them to play a key role to maintain the muscle capacity to generate force; these factors are: i) the oxygen availability and ii) the load applied to muscle fibres. Hyperbarism is a condition that occurs when a man is subjected to pressure increases. To keep the lungs from collapsing, the air is supplied to him under high pressure which exposes the blood in the lungs to high alveolar gas pressures. Under this condition, the PO2 become sufficiently increased, serious disorders may occur, such as modification of oxygen delivery and/or oxygen availability to permit regular muscle contraction. Also altitude hypobaric hypoxia induces modification of muscle capacity to generate work. Prolonged exposure to high altitude leads significant loss in body mass, thigh muscle mass, muscle fiber area and volume density of muscle mitochondria. Spaceflight results in a number of adaptations to skeletal muscle, including atrophy and early muscle fatigue. Muscle atrophy is observed in a wide range of muscles, with the most extensive loss occurring in the legs, because astronauts are no longer needed to support the body's weight. This review will describe the background on these topics suggesting the strategies to correct the specific muscle changes in presence of environmental stresses, such as the alteration in oxygen-derived signaling pathways or the metabolic consequence of microgravity that may indicate rational interventions to maintain muscle mass and function.