The Experts below are selected from a list of 198 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Karolyn Teufel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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red wine dealcoholized red wine and especially grape juice inhibit atherosclerosis in a hamster model
Atherosclerosis, 2001Co-Authors: Joe A Vinson, Karolyn TeufelAbstract:Abstract The French have low coronary heart disease mortality with high fat consumption; this epidemiological anomaly is known as the ‘French Paradox’ and is commonly attributed to the consumption of red wine. However, epidemiology studies have not convincingly shown a superiority of red wine vs. alcohol or other alcoholic beverages. We have used the hamster model of atherosclerosis to determine the active ingredient(s) of red wine responsible for the beneficial effect. Hamsters (nine in each group) were given a cholesterol/saturated fat for 10 weeks to induce foam cell formation. Water or 6.75% ethanol was given to the control groups. Beverages tested included red wine, dealcoholized red wine, and red grape juice, all diluted in half. Ethanol and all beverages caused a significant reduction in atherosclerosis. The combination of ethanol in red wine had the largest effect in decreasing atherosclerosis by both hypolipemic and antioxidant mechanisms. When compared with dealcoholized wine and normalized to polyphenol dose, red wine's beneficial effects can be attributed entirely to the polyphenols. Grape juice had a significant benefit at a much lower dose of polyphenols than the wines. Grape juice was calculated to be much more effective than red wine or dealcoholized red wine at the same polyphenol dose in inhibiting atherosclerosis and improving lipids and antioxidant parameters. This data suggests that polyphenolic beverages from grapes are beneficial in inhibiting atherosclerosis by several mechanisms. Grape juice or non-alcoholic red wine are an excellent alternative to red wine in this model of atherosclerosis.
Masao Nakagawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of atorvastatin on oxidized low density lipoprotein low density lipoprotein subfraction distribution and remnant lipoprotein in patients with mixed hyperlipoproteinemia
American Journal of Cardiology, 2002Co-Authors: Susumu Sasaki, Noriko Kuwahara, Keiko Kunitomo, Sanae Harada, Takashi Yamada, Akihiro Azuma, Kazuo Takeda, Masao NakagawaAbstract:Atorvastatin (10 to 20 mg/day) was administered for 3 months to 15 outpatients (average age 58 +/- 4 years) with hypercholesterolemia accompanied by hypertriglyceridemia without hypolipemic treatment. Changes in lipid profile, particularly oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (malondialdehyde LDL), subfractions of LDL, and remnant lipoprotein (RLP) cholesterol, were examined before and after administration. In addition, the influence of atorvastatin on lipoprotein(a) (known to be an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis), asymmetric dimethylarginine (known to be an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase), and homocysteine (methionine metabolite) was also investigated. Administration of atorvastatin significantly decreased serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. Conversely, a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was shown. In LDL subfractions, large, buoyant LDL fractions were not influenced by treatment with atorvastatin (before administration, 99 +/- 14 mg/dl; after administration, 91 +/- 6 mg/dl, shown as a cholesterol content in each subfraction), but a marked decrease in small, dense LDL fractions (p <0.001) (before administration, 119 +/- 17 mg/dl; after administration, 43 +/- 10 mg/dl) was shown. Moreover, oxidized LDL was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) (before administration, 169 +/- 13 U/L; after administration, 119 +/- 10 U/L) and RLP cholesterol also was significantly decreased (p <0.01) (before administration, 11.9 +/- 2.0 mg/dl; after administration, 6.0 +/- 0.9 mg/dl) with atorvastatin treatment. No significant change was observed in fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, lipoprotein(a), asymmetric dimethylarginine, homocysteine, and so on. These data suggest that administration of relatively low doses of atorvastatin to patients with hypercholesterolemia accompanied with hypertriglyceridemia results in a decrease not only in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, but also in oxidized LDL and RLP cholesterol, with an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Furthermore, small, dense LDL decreased with a shift in LDL subfractions to large, buoyant fractions, and these changes are considered to be involved in the inhibition of the onset and progression of atherosclerosis.
Joe A Vinson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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red wine dealcoholized red wine and especially grape juice inhibit atherosclerosis in a hamster model
Atherosclerosis, 2001Co-Authors: Joe A Vinson, Karolyn TeufelAbstract:Abstract The French have low coronary heart disease mortality with high fat consumption; this epidemiological anomaly is known as the ‘French Paradox’ and is commonly attributed to the consumption of red wine. However, epidemiology studies have not convincingly shown a superiority of red wine vs. alcohol or other alcoholic beverages. We have used the hamster model of atherosclerosis to determine the active ingredient(s) of red wine responsible for the beneficial effect. Hamsters (nine in each group) were given a cholesterol/saturated fat for 10 weeks to induce foam cell formation. Water or 6.75% ethanol was given to the control groups. Beverages tested included red wine, dealcoholized red wine, and red grape juice, all diluted in half. Ethanol and all beverages caused a significant reduction in atherosclerosis. The combination of ethanol in red wine had the largest effect in decreasing atherosclerosis by both hypolipemic and antioxidant mechanisms. When compared with dealcoholized wine and normalized to polyphenol dose, red wine's beneficial effects can be attributed entirely to the polyphenols. Grape juice had a significant benefit at a much lower dose of polyphenols than the wines. Grape juice was calculated to be much more effective than red wine or dealcoholized red wine at the same polyphenol dose in inhibiting atherosclerosis and improving lipids and antioxidant parameters. This data suggests that polyphenolic beverages from grapes are beneficial in inhibiting atherosclerosis by several mechanisms. Grape juice or non-alcoholic red wine are an excellent alternative to red wine in this model of atherosclerosis.
Raimondo F. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Invasive alien species – potential cheap resources of plant substances for medicinal use
place:Palermo, 2018Co-Authors: Kozuharova E., Raimondo F.Abstract:Some alien species demonstrate rather invasive behaviour. They have high tolerance of various habitat conditions and potent propagation ability. They not only over-compete the local vegetation but suppress the seed development of the native plants. In the newly invaded habitats they might not have suitable herbivores to control their populations. The only effective enemy might be Homo sapiens. Humans are known with their destructive power once an object has become significant for industrial utilization. The aim of this study is to review research data and reveal the potential of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Erigeron canadensis L., Xanthium strumarium L. and Dittrichia graveolens (L.) W. Greuter, as cheap sources of compounds with valuable pharmacological activities. Ethnobotanical data from their habitats reveal promising medicinal potential. A growing body of sci- entific literature points to their therapeutic properties. Valuable chemical constituents of these alien invasive species are sesquiterpene lactones, essential oils etc. They possess different activities such as anticancer activity, as well as antitussive, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, hypoglycemic, antimitotic, antioxidant, antitrypanosomal, CNS depressant activity, diuretic effects, contact dermatitis, insecticidal and herbicidal activities, hepatoprotective and hypolipemic activities etc. Due to the fact that these are aggressive invasive species, they can provide abundant and cheap resources reach of plant chemical constituents which can be utilized for therapeutic purposes. Additionally, exploitation of the biomass for medicinal use might contribute to relieving the destructive impact of these species on natural habitats
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Invasive alien species \u2013 potential cheap resources of plant substances for medicinal use
place:Palermo, 2018Co-Authors: Kozuharova E., Raimondo F.Abstract:Some alien species demonstrate rather invasive behaviour. They have high tolerance of various habitat conditions and potent propagation ability. They not only over-compete the local vegetation but suppress the seed development of the native plants. In the newly invaded habitats they might not have suitable herbivores to control their populations. The only effective enemy might be Homo sapiens. Humans are known with their destructive power once an object has become significant for industrial utilization. The aim of this study is to review research data and reveal the potential of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Erigeron canadensis L., Xanthium strumarium L. and Dittrichia graveolens (L.) W. Greuter, as cheap sources of compounds with valuable pharmacological activities. Ethnobotanical data from their habitats reveal promising medicinal potential. A growing body of sci- entific literature points to their therapeutic properties. Valuable chemical constituents of these alien invasive species are sesquiterpene lactones, essential oils etc. They possess different activities such as anticancer activity, as well as antitussive, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, hypoglycemic, antimitotic, antioxidant, antitrypanosomal, CNS depressant activity, diuretic effects, contact dermatitis, insecticidal and herbicidal activities, hepatoprotective and hypolipemic activities etc. Due to the fact that these are aggressive invasive species, they can provide abundant and cheap resources reach of plant chemical constituents which can be utilized for therapeutic purposes. Additionally, exploitation of the biomass for medicinal use might contribute to relieving the destructive impact of these species on natural habitats
Susumu Sasaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of atorvastatin on oxidized low density lipoprotein low density lipoprotein subfraction distribution and remnant lipoprotein in patients with mixed hyperlipoproteinemia
American Journal of Cardiology, 2002Co-Authors: Susumu Sasaki, Noriko Kuwahara, Keiko Kunitomo, Sanae Harada, Takashi Yamada, Akihiro Azuma, Kazuo Takeda, Masao NakagawaAbstract:Atorvastatin (10 to 20 mg/day) was administered for 3 months to 15 outpatients (average age 58 +/- 4 years) with hypercholesterolemia accompanied by hypertriglyceridemia without hypolipemic treatment. Changes in lipid profile, particularly oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (malondialdehyde LDL), subfractions of LDL, and remnant lipoprotein (RLP) cholesterol, were examined before and after administration. In addition, the influence of atorvastatin on lipoprotein(a) (known to be an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis), asymmetric dimethylarginine (known to be an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase), and homocysteine (methionine metabolite) was also investigated. Administration of atorvastatin significantly decreased serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. Conversely, a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was shown. In LDL subfractions, large, buoyant LDL fractions were not influenced by treatment with atorvastatin (before administration, 99 +/- 14 mg/dl; after administration, 91 +/- 6 mg/dl, shown as a cholesterol content in each subfraction), but a marked decrease in small, dense LDL fractions (p <0.001) (before administration, 119 +/- 17 mg/dl; after administration, 43 +/- 10 mg/dl) was shown. Moreover, oxidized LDL was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) (before administration, 169 +/- 13 U/L; after administration, 119 +/- 10 U/L) and RLP cholesterol also was significantly decreased (p <0.01) (before administration, 11.9 +/- 2.0 mg/dl; after administration, 6.0 +/- 0.9 mg/dl) with atorvastatin treatment. No significant change was observed in fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, lipoprotein(a), asymmetric dimethylarginine, homocysteine, and so on. These data suggest that administration of relatively low doses of atorvastatin to patients with hypercholesterolemia accompanied with hypertriglyceridemia results in a decrease not only in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, but also in oxidized LDL and RLP cholesterol, with an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Furthermore, small, dense LDL decreased with a shift in LDL subfractions to large, buoyant fractions, and these changes are considered to be involved in the inhibition of the onset and progression of atherosclerosis.