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Jane Kroger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identity Status and Moral Reasoning: A Meta-Analysis
Identity, 2013Co-Authors: Kine Jespersen, Jane Kroger, Monica MartinussenAbstract:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Marcia's Identity Statuses and Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning through techniques of meta-analysis. The following databases were examined for relevant studies from 1967 to 2005 using the search terms “Identity Status,” “Marcia and Identity,” “Marcia's and Identity,” and “ego Identity”: PsycINFO, ERIC, Sociological Abstracts, and Dissertation Abstracts International. The search found 17 studies that examined linkages between moral reasoning and Identity development, and 10 provided sufficient detail for examination through meta-analysis. The results showed a strong association between high Identity Status and postconventional moral reasoning (mean OR = 4.57) and between Identity achievement and postconventional moral reasoning (mean OR = 6.85), and a small to moderate positive mean correlation between Identity Status and moral reasoning ( ). The results are discussed in terms of implications for future research.
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Identity Status and Locus of Control: A Meta-Analysis
Identity, 2013Co-Authors: Kjersti R Lillevoll, Jane Kroger, Monica MartinussenAbstract:This investigation examined the relationship between Identity Status and locus of control through techniques of meta-analysis. Early research has found an association between Identity achievement and an internal locus of control and between Identity diffusion and an external locus of control. Findings for the relationship between locus of control and the moratorium and foreclosure Statuses, however, have been inconsistent. A total of 565 empirical studies of Identity Status that were conducted between 1966 and 2005 were identified from PsychINFO, ERIC, Sociological Abstracts, and Dissertation Abstracts International using these search terms: “Identity Status,” “Identity and Marcia,” “Identity and Marcia's,” and “ego Identity.” Nineteen of these studies addressed the relationship between locus of control and Identity Status; only five of the studies (N = 711 participants) provided data with satisfactory information to be included in the meta-analysis. Internal and external locus of control scales were corr...
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Identity Status and Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis
Identity, 2013Co-Authors: Kjersti R Lillevoll, Jane Kroger, Monica MartinussenAbstract:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Identity Status and anxiety through techniques of meta-analysis. Early research on Identity Status and anxiety showed elevated anxiety scores for those in the moratorium Status and low anxiety scores among those in the foreclosure Status. Later studies reported some gender differences in anxiety scores for particular Identity Statuses. A total of 565 empirical Identity Status studies conducted between 1966 and 2005 were identified from PsycINFO, ERIC, Sociological Abstracts, and Dissertation Abstracts International using the following search terms: “Identity Status,” “Identity and Marcia,” “Identity and Marcia's,” and “ego Identity.” Some 27 of these studies addressed the relationship between Identity Status and general anxiety; only 12 of these 27 investigations (N = 1,124 participants, primarily university students) provided data that could be examined through techniques of meta-analysis. Effect size differences in anxiety scores for each...
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Identity Status and Self-Esteem: A Meta-Analysis
Identity, 2013Co-Authors: Marianne S. Ryeng, Jane Kroger, Monica MartinussenAbstract:This study examines the relationship between Marcia's Identity Statuses and self-esteem measures through techniques of meta-analysis. Global self-esteem, as used here, refers to one's positive or negative attitudes toward oneself, degree of self-respect, self-worth, and faith in one's own capacities. Identity theory would predict strong linkages between the development of self-esteem and Identity; however, previous research findings have been inconsistent regarding the nature of this relationship. Two conflicting explanatory models are examined here: (a) high self-esteem is linked with “high” Identity Status (achievement and moratorium) and low self-esteem with “low” Identity Status (foreclosure and diffusion); and (b) high self-esteem is linked with Identity commitment and low self-esteem with lack of Identity commitment. The initial database for this investigation consisted of 565 empirical studies of Identity Status conducted between 1966 and 2005 using the search terms “Identity Status,” “Identity and...
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Identity Status and Authoritarianism: A Meta-Analysis
Identity, 2013Co-Authors: Marianne S. Ryeng, Jane Kroger, Monica MartinussenAbstract:This investigation was undertaken to examine the relationship between Identity Status and authoritarianism through techniques of meta-analysis. Identity theory and earlier research have suggested associations between these constructs, but they have not previously been submitted to meta-analysis procedures. This analysis examined the hypothesis that foreclosures would score significantly higher on measures of authoritarianism than achievement, moratorium, or diffusion Statuses. An initial database of 565 empirical studies of Marcia's Identity Statuses, conducted between 1966–2005, was identified from the PsycINFO, ERIC, Sociological Abstracts, and Dissertation Abstracts International databases using the following search terms: “Identity Status,” “Identity and Marcia,” “Identity and Marcia's,” and “ego Identity.” Thirteen of these studies examined the relationship between Identity Status and authoritarianism, and nine (N = 861) provided sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Hedges's g was the ...
Anne Van Hoof - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Identity Status field re reviewed an update of unresolved and neglected issues with a view on some alternative approaches
Developmental Review, 1999Co-Authors: Anne Van HoofAbstract:Abstract An evaluation is made of the Identity Status paradigm, starting out from the 1988 discussion between Cote and Levine and Waterman. The question as to the construct which underlies the Statuses is still relevant, and understandably so, since Marcia's definition of Identity contains different elements of the construct of ego Identity than his Identity Status model. However, both the definition and the Statuses also neglect the sine qua non of Identity, namely a sense of temporal–spatial continuity. This is surprising, as an extensive analysis of the field shows that many research areas could have formed a receptive ground for its determination. Furthermore, in contrast to the claims made by the Status field, there are shortcomings in the validation of the Identity Statuses. Another important characteristic of the Identity Status paradigm is its contradictory views regarding development: along with the claim that there is no developmental continuum underlying the Statuses, ideas are also presented on developmental (continuumlike) hypotheses. A review of empirical studies on Identity Status changes through time is presented. This reveals that in general the Statuses excel in measuring stability and that no significant developmental changes are found in the studies. Finally, the state of research regarding factors that influence Identity development is related to the findings of the present overview, and in conclusion some alternative approaches to Identity formation are presented.
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The Identity Status Approach: In Need of Fundamental Revision and Qualitative Change☆
Developmental Review, 1999Co-Authors: Anne Van HoofAbstract:Abstract This article is a response to the commentaries of Waterman (this issue) and Berzonsky and Adams (this issue) on my review of the Identity Status field (van Hoof, this issue). The commentaries illustrate that the Identity Status researchers attribute different meanings to the Identity Statuses and Identity Status research; while Waterman finds it difficult to recognize the field in my review, Berzonsky and Adams agree with several of my conclusions. The two commentaries represent two pillars on which the Status approach rests. The difference between the review and the commentaries is that the first includes both pillars, whereas each commentary consists primarily of a selective presentation of assumptions and data. This response focuses on two main points of the commentaries: (a) are the Statuses sufficiently validated? and (b) to what extent are they suitable for testing developmental Identity hypotheses? Using specific examples I show that the line of reasoning in the commentaries and the data proposed in support of these arguments in fact often support the conclusions of my review, for I demonstrate that the Statuses are insufficiently validated and that the Statuses are unsuitable for measuring Identity development. These conclusions call for a fundamental revision of the Identity Status approach and a qualitative change in Identity theory and research. Finally, the alternative approaches presented by Berzonsky and Adams are evaluated with respect to their contribution to an indispensable qualitative change in the Identity Status field.
Seth J Schwartz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Multicultural Critique of Identity Status Theory and Research: A Call for Integration
Identity, 2006Co-Authors: Joel R. Sneed, Seth J Schwartz, William E. CrossAbstract:Although Identity Status theory has inspired over 500 theoretical and empirical publications, it is unclear to what extent this tradition has incorporated non-White ethnic groups and theories of racial and ethnic Identity development. We reviewed 57 empirical articles published between 1993 and 2003 in 6 leading outlets for Identity Status research and found that (a) 35% failed to report the ethnic composition of the sample, and (b) 74% of the samples consisted primarily of White participants. Given the increasing diversity of the United States and other Western countries, non-White ethnic groups need to be incorporated in Identity Status research, and the ethnic composition of research samples need to be adequately described. We review 4 models of racial and ethnic Identity development that parallel the more general Identity development process. We conclude by providing both methodological and theoretical suggestions for how Identity Status and racial or ethnic Identity models can be integrated. Erikson’s (1963) eight-stage model of psychosocial development is one of the most influential life span developmental theories in the personality literature. It is by far the most frequently presented stage theory of development in both introduc
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comparing psychological and sociological approaches to Identity Identity Status Identity capital and the individualization process
Journal of Adolescence, 2002Co-Authors: James E Cote, Seth J SchwartzAbstract:Psychologists have been studying Identity processes at the intrapsychic level that resemble what sociologists have noted at the macro-societal level. Specifically, using the Identity capital model introduced in previous issues of this journal (Cote, Journal of Adolescence, 19, 419-430; 20, 421-437), we explore a link between the psychologically oriented Identity Status paradigm, and the sociologically oriented individualization theory. The primary link between these two disciplinary approaches appears to be that the individualization process can be operationalized in terms of agency in Identity formation. The relationship between agency and Identity formation has been recognized by Identity Status researchers for some time, but primarily in terminology referring to the intrapsychic level; hence, in some respects, Identity Status researchers anticipated individualization theory. This link was empirically investigated in three studies of ethnically diverse samples. It was concluded, with a high degree of replication, that the Identity Statuses representing Identity confusion (Diffusion) and Identity synthesis (Achievement) appear to represent forms of default and developmental individualization, respectively. This comparison of similar elements between psychological and sociological perspectives may yield a richer understanding of Identity formation processes, and help to pave the way for future interdisciplinary research..
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Convergent validity in objective measures of Identity Status: implications for Identity Status theory
Adolescence, 2002Co-Authors: Seth J SchwartzAbstract:The present study was conducted to test two primary assumptions of Marcia's Identity Status model: (a) that measures of the Identity Statuses would relate to Identity exploration and commitment in ways consistent with the definitions of the Statuses; and (b) that Status assignments made using continuous Status measures would converge with those made using exploration and commitment scores. Seven hundred fifty-eight university students (174 males, 560 females, 24 not reporting gender) completed the Ego Identity Process Questionnaire, which is a measure of Identity exploration and commitment, and the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status II, which provides continuous measures of each Identity Status. Results provided mixed support for both assumptions of the Identity Status model. The findings are discussed in light of recent calls for expansion of Identity theory and research beyond the Identity Status model.
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Ego Identity Status, Identity Style, and Personal Expressiveness:
2000Co-Authors: Seth J Schwartz, Alan S. Waterman, Ronald L. Mullis, Richard M. DunhamAbstract:This study represents an investigation of relationships among three sets of Identity con- structs, including the ego Identity Statuses, the Identity styles, and personal expressive- ness. The Ego Identity Process Questionnaire was used to assess Identity Status as con- ceptualized by J. E. Marcia. The Identity Style Inventory was used to assess Identity style as conceptualized by M. D. Berzonsky. The Personally Expressive Activities Question- naire was used to measure feelings of personal expressiveness as described by A. S. Waterman. Data were collected from two samples of students at two universities. The measures were considered in pairs to examine the convergence among the constructs. Results revealed that these three measures, and perhaps the underlying constructs, are convergent. Associations between measures are discussed in relation to previous research and theory.
Barış Karaoğlu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of Ego Identity Status of School of Physical Education and Sports.
Universal Journal of Educational Research, 2017Co-Authors: Mehmet Behzat Turan, Kenan Koç, Barış KaraoğluAbstract:This study aimed to analyze ego Identity Status of the candidates who studied in school of physical education and sports. For this purpose, randomly selected 651 individuals, who attended to Kayseri Erciyes University, school of physical education and sports, were included to this study. In this research, Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status scale that was developed by Marcia [1] and adapted to Turkish by Oskay [2] was used to determine volunteers' Identity Status. Data obtained from personal information form, ego Identity Status scale was analyzed with SPSS 20.0 package program. For the distribution of the obtained data, Kolmogrov Smirnov test statistics were used and parametric tests were conducted for statistical analyses. Personal information related to candidates was given as scale total scores and frequency (f) and percentage (%) values were determined. To eliminate the differences between the scores obtained from scales, Independent t test was used for gender variable while One Way Anova test was used for age, mother and father education levels, placing scores of candidates to their departments and higher education variables. As a result, meaningful difference was found between students' ego Identity Status and their age, education departments, mother education level and placing score to higher education while a meaningful difference was not found between students' ego Identity Status and gender and father education level. It was thought that students' ego Identity Status differentiated due to increase in student ages and different interactions of the education departments.
Jennifer Evans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Brief report: engagement in sport and Identity Status.
Journal of adolescence, 2010Co-Authors: Michael A. Busseri, Kelly A. Costain, Kelly Campbell, Linda Rose-krasnor, Jennifer EvansAbstract:Drawing on Identity development theory, the connection between engagement in sport and Identity Status was examined. First-year undergraduates (n = 116 sport-involved youth; 67% women; mean age = 18.58 yrs) completed measures of interpersonal and ideological Identity Status (achievement, moratorium, diffusion, foreclosure), along with behavioral (breadth, intensity) and psychological (e.g., enjoyment, competence) indicators of sport engagement. Using structural equation modeling, we examined the relation between latent sport engagement and Identity Status in interpersonal and ideological domains. As hypothesized, latent sport engagement predicted greater interpersonal (but not ideological) Identity achievement. Consistent with Identity development theory, an additional specific relation was observed between lower breadth of sport involvement and higher interpersonal Identity achievement. Results demonstrate the value of examining behavioral and psychological indicators of sport engagement jointly, and support a growing body of research linking sport and positive youth development.
