The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Toshihisa Kawai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Immune Response the key to bone resorption in periodontal disease
Journal of Periodontology, 2005Co-Authors: Martin A. Taubman, Paloma Valverde, Toshihisa KawaiAbstract:Periodontal disease infection with oral biofilm microorganisms initiates host Immune Response and signs of periodontitis, including bone resorption. This review delineates some mechanisms underlying the host Immune Response in periodontal infection and alveolar bone resorption. Activated T lymphocytes have been historically implicated in experimental periodontal bone resorption. An experimental rat adoptive transfer/gingival challenge periodontal disease model has been demonstrated to require antigen-specific T lymphocytes and gingival instillation of antigen and LPS for bone resorption. Interference with costimulatory interactions between T cells and antigen-presenting cells abrogated bone resorption, further emphasizing the significance of Immune Response in periodontal disease. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), a critical osteoclast differentiation factor, is expressed on T lymphocytes in human periodontal disease as determined by immunohistochemical and confocal microscopic analy...
-
Immune Response the key to bone resorption in periodontal disease
Journal of Periodontology, 2005Co-Authors: Martin A. Taubman, Paloma Valverde, Xiaozhe Han, Toshihisa KawaiAbstract:Periodontal disease infection with oral biofilm microorganisms initiates host Immune Response and signs of periodontitis, including bone resorption. This review delineates some mechanisms underlying the host Immune Response in periodontal infection and alveolar bone resorption. Activated T lymphocytes have been historically implicated in experimental periodontal bone resorption. An experimental rat adoptive transfer/gingival challenge periodontal disease model has been demonstrated to require antigen-specific T lymphocytes and gingival instillation of antigen and LPS for bone resorption. Interference with costimulatory interactions between T cells and antigen-presenting cells abrogated bone resorption, further emphasizing the significance of Immune Response in periodontal disease. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), a critical osteoclast differentiation factor, is expressed on T lymphocytes in human periodontal disease as determined by immunohistochemical and confocal microscopic analyses. Interference with RANKL by systemic administration of osteoprotegerin (OPG), the decoy receptor for (and inhibitor of) RANKL, resulted in abrogation of periodontal bone resorption in the rat model. This finding indicated that T cell-mediated bone resorption is RANKL-dependent. In additional experiments, treatment of T cell-transferred rats with kaliotoxin (a scorpion venom potassium channel inhibitor) resulted in decreases in T-cell RANKL expression, diminished induction of RANKL-dependent osteoclastogenesis, and abrogation of bone resorption, implicating an important role of Immune Response/RANKL expression in osteoclastogenesis/bone resorption. In other experiments, adoptive transfer of antigen-specific, RANKL-expressing B cells, and infection with the antigen-bearing Actinobaccillus actinomycetemcomitans gave rise to periodontal bone resorption, indicating that B cells also have the capacity to mediate bone resorption, probably via RANKL expression. In humans, prominent T lymphocytes have been identified in periodontal disease, and diseased tissues showed elevated RANKL mRNA expression, as well as decreased OPG mRNA expression. Mononuclear cells from periodontal lesions involving T cells and B cells of patients induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. In summary, a biofilm interface initiates Immune cell infiltration, stimulating osteoclastogenesis/bone resorption in periodontal disease. This resorption can be ameliorated by inhibition of RANKL activity or by diminishing Immune cell stimulation. These two procedures, if localized, have the potential to lead to the prevention or therapeutic management of periodontal disease and therefore require further study.
Martin A. Taubman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Immune Response the key to bone resorption in periodontal disease
Journal of Periodontology, 2005Co-Authors: Martin A. Taubman, Paloma Valverde, Toshihisa KawaiAbstract:Periodontal disease infection with oral biofilm microorganisms initiates host Immune Response and signs of periodontitis, including bone resorption. This review delineates some mechanisms underlying the host Immune Response in periodontal infection and alveolar bone resorption. Activated T lymphocytes have been historically implicated in experimental periodontal bone resorption. An experimental rat adoptive transfer/gingival challenge periodontal disease model has been demonstrated to require antigen-specific T lymphocytes and gingival instillation of antigen and LPS for bone resorption. Interference with costimulatory interactions between T cells and antigen-presenting cells abrogated bone resorption, further emphasizing the significance of Immune Response in periodontal disease. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), a critical osteoclast differentiation factor, is expressed on T lymphocytes in human periodontal disease as determined by immunohistochemical and confocal microscopic analy...
-
Immune Response the key to bone resorption in periodontal disease
Journal of Periodontology, 2005Co-Authors: Martin A. Taubman, Paloma Valverde, Xiaozhe Han, Toshihisa KawaiAbstract:Periodontal disease infection with oral biofilm microorganisms initiates host Immune Response and signs of periodontitis, including bone resorption. This review delineates some mechanisms underlying the host Immune Response in periodontal infection and alveolar bone resorption. Activated T lymphocytes have been historically implicated in experimental periodontal bone resorption. An experimental rat adoptive transfer/gingival challenge periodontal disease model has been demonstrated to require antigen-specific T lymphocytes and gingival instillation of antigen and LPS for bone resorption. Interference with costimulatory interactions between T cells and antigen-presenting cells abrogated bone resorption, further emphasizing the significance of Immune Response in periodontal disease. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), a critical osteoclast differentiation factor, is expressed on T lymphocytes in human periodontal disease as determined by immunohistochemical and confocal microscopic analyses. Interference with RANKL by systemic administration of osteoprotegerin (OPG), the decoy receptor for (and inhibitor of) RANKL, resulted in abrogation of periodontal bone resorption in the rat model. This finding indicated that T cell-mediated bone resorption is RANKL-dependent. In additional experiments, treatment of T cell-transferred rats with kaliotoxin (a scorpion venom potassium channel inhibitor) resulted in decreases in T-cell RANKL expression, diminished induction of RANKL-dependent osteoclastogenesis, and abrogation of bone resorption, implicating an important role of Immune Response/RANKL expression in osteoclastogenesis/bone resorption. In other experiments, adoptive transfer of antigen-specific, RANKL-expressing B cells, and infection with the antigen-bearing Actinobaccillus actinomycetemcomitans gave rise to periodontal bone resorption, indicating that B cells also have the capacity to mediate bone resorption, probably via RANKL expression. In humans, prominent T lymphocytes have been identified in periodontal disease, and diseased tissues showed elevated RANKL mRNA expression, as well as decreased OPG mRNA expression. Mononuclear cells from periodontal lesions involving T cells and B cells of patients induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. In summary, a biofilm interface initiates Immune cell infiltration, stimulating osteoclastogenesis/bone resorption in periodontal disease. This resorption can be ameliorated by inhibition of RANKL activity or by diminishing Immune cell stimulation. These two procedures, if localized, have the potential to lead to the prevention or therapeutic management of periodontal disease and therefore require further study.
Paloma Valverde - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Immune Response the key to bone resorption in periodontal disease
Journal of Periodontology, 2005Co-Authors: Martin A. Taubman, Paloma Valverde, Toshihisa KawaiAbstract:Periodontal disease infection with oral biofilm microorganisms initiates host Immune Response and signs of periodontitis, including bone resorption. This review delineates some mechanisms underlying the host Immune Response in periodontal infection and alveolar bone resorption. Activated T lymphocytes have been historically implicated in experimental periodontal bone resorption. An experimental rat adoptive transfer/gingival challenge periodontal disease model has been demonstrated to require antigen-specific T lymphocytes and gingival instillation of antigen and LPS for bone resorption. Interference with costimulatory interactions between T cells and antigen-presenting cells abrogated bone resorption, further emphasizing the significance of Immune Response in periodontal disease. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), a critical osteoclast differentiation factor, is expressed on T lymphocytes in human periodontal disease as determined by immunohistochemical and confocal microscopic analy...
-
Immune Response the key to bone resorption in periodontal disease
Journal of Periodontology, 2005Co-Authors: Martin A. Taubman, Paloma Valverde, Xiaozhe Han, Toshihisa KawaiAbstract:Periodontal disease infection with oral biofilm microorganisms initiates host Immune Response and signs of periodontitis, including bone resorption. This review delineates some mechanisms underlying the host Immune Response in periodontal infection and alveolar bone resorption. Activated T lymphocytes have been historically implicated in experimental periodontal bone resorption. An experimental rat adoptive transfer/gingival challenge periodontal disease model has been demonstrated to require antigen-specific T lymphocytes and gingival instillation of antigen and LPS for bone resorption. Interference with costimulatory interactions between T cells and antigen-presenting cells abrogated bone resorption, further emphasizing the significance of Immune Response in periodontal disease. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), a critical osteoclast differentiation factor, is expressed on T lymphocytes in human periodontal disease as determined by immunohistochemical and confocal microscopic analyses. Interference with RANKL by systemic administration of osteoprotegerin (OPG), the decoy receptor for (and inhibitor of) RANKL, resulted in abrogation of periodontal bone resorption in the rat model. This finding indicated that T cell-mediated bone resorption is RANKL-dependent. In additional experiments, treatment of T cell-transferred rats with kaliotoxin (a scorpion venom potassium channel inhibitor) resulted in decreases in T-cell RANKL expression, diminished induction of RANKL-dependent osteoclastogenesis, and abrogation of bone resorption, implicating an important role of Immune Response/RANKL expression in osteoclastogenesis/bone resorption. In other experiments, adoptive transfer of antigen-specific, RANKL-expressing B cells, and infection with the antigen-bearing Actinobaccillus actinomycetemcomitans gave rise to periodontal bone resorption, indicating that B cells also have the capacity to mediate bone resorption, probably via RANKL expression. In humans, prominent T lymphocytes have been identified in periodontal disease, and diseased tissues showed elevated RANKL mRNA expression, as well as decreased OPG mRNA expression. Mononuclear cells from periodontal lesions involving T cells and B cells of patients induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. In summary, a biofilm interface initiates Immune cell infiltration, stimulating osteoclastogenesis/bone resorption in periodontal disease. This resorption can be ameliorated by inhibition of RANKL activity or by diminishing Immune cell stimulation. These two procedures, if localized, have the potential to lead to the prevention or therapeutic management of periodontal disease and therefore require further study.
Xiaohong Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
negative regulation of the innate antiviral Immune Response by trim62 from orange spotted grouper
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2016Co-Authors: Ying Yang, Youhua Huang, Sheng Zhou, Shaowen Wang, Min Yang, Qiwei Qin, Xiaohong HuangAbstract:Increased reports uncovered that mammalian tripartite motif-containing 62 (TRIM62) exerts crucial roles in cancer and innate Immune Response. However, the roles of fish TRIM62 in antiviral Immune Response remained uncertain. In this study, a TRIM62 gene was cloned from orange spotted grouper (EcTRIM62) and its roles in grouper RNA virus infection was elucidated in vitro. EcTRIM62 shared 99% and 83% identity to bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus) and human (Homo sapiens), respectively. Sequence alignment indicated that EcTRIM62 contained three domains, including a RING-finger domain, a B-box domain and a SPRY domain. In healthy grouper, the transcript of EcTRIM62 was predominantly detected in brain and liver, followed by heart, skin, spleen, fin, gill, intestine, and stomach. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that bright fluorescence spots were observed in the cytoplasm of EcTRIM62-transfected grouper spleen (GS) cells. During red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis (RGNNV) infection, overexpression of EcTRIM62 significantly enhanced the severity of CPE and increased viral gene transcriptions. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of EcTRIM62 significantly decreased the transcription level of interferon signaling molecules, including interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), IRF7, interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), myxovirus resistance gene MXI, and MXII, suggesting that the negative regulation of interferon Immune Response by EcTRIM62 might directly contributed to its enhancing effect on RGNNV replication. Furthermore, our results also demonstrated that overexpression of EcTRIM62 was able to differently regulate the expression levels of pro-inflammation cytokines. In addition, we found the ectopic expression of EcTIRM62 negatively regulated MDA5-, but not mediator of IRF3 activation (MITA)-induced interferon Immune Response. Further studies showed that the deletion of RING domain and SPRY domain significantly affected the action of EcTRIM62, including the enhancing effect on virus replication and regulation of interferon Immune Response. Thus, our studies firstly demonstrated that EcTRIM62 negatively regulated the innate antiviral Immune Response against fish RNA viruses.
Yoav Gilad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
mycobacterial infection induces a specific human innate Immune Response
Scientific Reports, 2015Co-Authors: John D Blischak, Ludovic Tailleux, Amy Mitrano, Luis B Barreiro, Yoav GiladAbstract:The innate Immune system provides the first Response to infection and is now recognized to be partially pathogen-specific. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is able to subvert the innate Immune Response and survive inside macrophages. Curiously, only 5–10% of otherwise healthy individuals infected with MTB develop active tuberculosis (TB). We do not yet understand the genetic basis underlying this individual-specific susceptibility. Moreover, we still do not know which properties of the innate Immune Response are specific to MTB infection. To identify Immune Responses that are specific to MTB, we infected macrophages with eight different bacteria, including different MTB strains and related mycobacteria and studied their transcriptional Response. We identified a novel subset of genes whose regulation was affected specifically by infection with mycobacteria. This subset includes genes involved in phagosome maturation, superoxide production, Response to vitamin D, macrophage chemotaxis and sialic acid synthesis. We suggest that genetic variants that affect the function or regulation of these genes should be considered candidate loci for explaining TB susceptibility.
-
mycobacterial infection induces a specific human innate Immune Response
bioRxiv, 2015Co-Authors: John D Blischak, Ludovic Tailleux, Amy Mitrano, Luis B Barreiro, Yoav GiladAbstract:The innate Immune system provides the first Response to pathogen infection and orchestrates the activation of the adaptive Immune system. Though a large component of the innate Immune Response is common to all infections, pathogen-specific Responses have been documented as well. The innate Immune Response is thought to be especially critical for fighting infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB). While TB can be deadly, only 5-10% of individuals infected with MTB develop active disease. The risk for disease susceptibility is, at least partly, heritable. Studies of inter-individual variation in the innate Immune Response to MTB infection may therefore shed light on the genetic basis for variation in susceptibility to TB. Yet, to date, we still do not know which properties of the innate Immune Response are specific to MTB infection and which represent a general Response to pathogen infection. To begin addressing this gap, we infected macrophages with eight different bacteria, including different MTB strains and related mycobacteria, and studied the transcriptional Response to infection. Although the ensued gene regulatory Responses were largely consistent across the bacterial infection treatments, we were able to identify a novel subset of genes whose regulation was affected specifically by infection with mycobacteria. Genetic variants that are associated with regulatory differences in these genes should be considered candidate loci for explaining inter-individual susceptibility TB.