The Experts below are selected from a list of 252 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michel Y Jaffrin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dynamic Filtration with Rotating Disks, and Rotating or Vibrating Membranes
Progress in Filtration and Separation, 2014Co-Authors: Lu Hui Ding, Michel Y Jaffrin, Jianquan LuoAbstract:This article describes various systems of Dynamic filtration, also called shear-enhanced filtration, which consists in creating high shear rates at the membrane by a rotating disk, or by rotating or vibrating the membranes. This mode of operation permits to reach shear rates of the order of 1-3·105/s or almost one order of magnitude larger than in crossflow filtration and to increase both permeate flux and membrane selectivity. Its advantages and drawbacks relatively to crossflow modules are presented in the introduction. Then it describes existing Industrial Dynamic filtration modules: the VSEP vibrating system, multicompartments systems with metal disks or rotors rotating between fixed membranes and multishaft systems with overlapping rotating ceramic membranes. Equations permitting to calculate membrane shear rates in various modules, are presented, as they govern their performance. Recent applications published in the literature in microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis are presented with a comparison of permeate fluxes with crossflow filtration data when available. A comparison of performances between the vibrating VSEP and a rotating disk module in microfiltration of yeast suspensions and in reverse osmosis of model dairy effluent is also presented. The discussion is focused on energetic considerations and the complementarity between crossflow and Dynamic filtration.
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Encyclopedia of Membrane Science and Technology - Dynamic Crossflow Filtration
Encyclopedia of Membrane Science and Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Michel Y JaffrinAbstract:Dynamic crossflow filtration increases membrane performance through the use of membrane shear rates that are much higher than in conventional crossflow filtration. The production of these high shear rates requires specific modules with metal disks or rotors rotating at high speed near fixed membranes or rotating or vibrating membranes. The advantages and drawbacks of Dynamic crossflow filtration will be discussed and currently available pilots and Industrial Dynamic filtration modules will be described. Specific methods for calculating the shear rate at membranes, which is the key factor governing permeate flux, will be presented for various types of modules. Recent applications of Dynamic filtration published in the scientific literature, together with Industrial case studies and comparisons with conventional crossflow will be reviewed. These systems can be advantageous for end-of-pipe treatment when the goal is to maximize retentate concentration in order to reach at least 65% of solid concentration. In pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications, where a high purity is required, the higher membrane selectivity of Dynamic filtration (better solute transmission in microfiltration and higher microsolute rejection in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis) is an important asset. Industrial strategies of manufacturers of modules, New Logic Research (CA, USA), which has sold over 376 Industrial vibrating modules; Bokela (Germany), which produces the rotating disk Dyno filter; and Metso Paper (Finland), which sells the Optifilter with rotors between, will be summarized. Keywords: rotating and vibrating membranes; rotating disk modules; shear-enhanced filtration; energy considerations; review of Industrial Dynamic filtration modules
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HydroDynamic Techniques to Enhance Membrane Filtration
Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 2012Co-Authors: Michel Y JaffrinAbstract:This article reviews the use of various techniques for membrane filtration, such as Dean and Taylor vortices, pulsatile flows, and Dynamic filtration, which can generate high shear rates more efficiently than cross-flow filtration. In Dynamic filtration, shear rates are generated not by a pump, but by moving parts or by vibrations. The most successful application of Taylor vortices has been plasma collection from donors in transfusion centers by microfiltration (MF), using small rotating cylindrical filters. Industrial Dynamic filtration modules consist of metal disks with vanes or blades rotating between circular flat membranes or rotating ceramic membrane disks. These systems can be operated at high rotation speeds in order to produce very high permeate fluxes, or they can be operated at low speeds and save energy as compared with cross-flow filtration for the same flux. Vibrating modules (i.e., vibratory shear-enhanced processing) consist of a stack of circular membranes oscillating around a vertical shaft at its resonant frequency. While instabilities created by Dean vortices and pulsatile flows are mostly efficient in laminar flow and in MF and ultrafiltration, the benefits of high shear Dynamic filtration are even more impressive in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis, as the reduction in concentration polarization not only increases permeate flux as compared with cross-flow filtration, but also decreases microsolute transmission.
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Dynamic shear-enhanced membrane filtration: A review of rotating disks, rotating membranes and vibrating systems
Journal of Membrane Science, 2008Co-Authors: Michel Y JaffrinAbstract:Abstract This paper reviews various systems of Dynamic filtration, also called shear-enhanced filtration, which consists in creating the membrane shear rate necessary to maintain the filtration by a rotating disk, or by rotating or vibrating the membranes. This mode of operation permits to reach very high shear rates, of the order of (1–3) × 105 s−1 and to increase both permeate flux and membrane selectivity. Several types of Industrial Dynamic filtration systems are available, but their share of the market is still small. This paper reviews the operating principles and fluid Dynamics basics of various types, cylindrical rotating membranes, disks or blades rotating near a fixed membrane, rotating flat circular membranes, multi-shaft systems with overlapping rotating ceramic membranes and vibrating systems with toroidal membrane oscillations around an axis, or vibrating hollow fibers cartridges. It also reviews their main applications published in the literature in microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis with a comparison of permeate fluxes with cross-flow filtration data when available. A comparison of performances between the vibrating VSEP system and a rotating disk module in MF of yeast suspensions and in UF of skim milk is also presented. The discussion is focused on a comparison of merits of various designs in the light of fluid mechanics and energetic considerations.
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Dynamic shear-enhanced membrane filtration: A review of rotating disks, rotating membranes and vibrating systems
Journal of Membrane Science, 2008Co-Authors: Michel Y JaffrinAbstract:This paper reviews various systems of Dynamic filtration, also called shear-enhanced filtration, which consists in creating the membrane shear rate necessary to maintain the filtration by a rotating disk, or by rotating or vibrating the membranes. This mode of operation permits to reach very high shear rates, of the order of (1-3) × 105 s-1 and to increase both permeate flux and membrane selectivity. Several types of Industrial Dynamic filtration systems are available, but their share of the market is still small. This paper reviews the operating principles and fluid Dynamics basics of various types, cylindrical rotating membranes, disks or blades rotating near a fixed membrane, rotating flat circular membranes, multi-shaft systems with overlapping rotating ceramic membranes and vibrating systems with toroidal membrane oscillations around an axis, or vibrating hollow fibers cartridges. It also reviews their main applications published in the literature in microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis with a comparison of permeate fluxes with cross-flow filtration data when available. A comparison of performances between the vibrating VSEP system and a rotating disk module in MF of yeast suspensions and in UF of skim milk is also presented. The discussion is focused on a comparison of merits of various designs in the light of fluid mechanics and energetic considerations. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Ludovic Ragni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Systèmes localisés de production : une analyse évolutionniste
Revue d’économie industrielle, 1997Co-Authors: Ludovic RagniAbstract:[fre] L'article s'attache a montrer en quoi l'œuvre d'Alfred Marshall contient une description evolutionniste des systemes localises de production qui emprunte a la fois a la theorie de l'equilibre general et a la dynamique industrielle mettant en evidence des concepts comme les externalites pecuniaires ou les effets irreversibles. Il s'attache egalement a souligner les enjeux de tels concepts dans les modeles evolutionnistes contemporains proposes par B. Arthur et P. Krugman ou dans ceux de theorie des jeux permettant de rendre compte du concept de strategie evolutionnairement stable. On montre egalement pourquoi les explications proposees par Marshall trouvent echo au sein du paradigme regulationniste. [eng] The subject of this article is to show how Alfred Marshall's work contains an evolutionist description about the localised systems of production. At the same time, he borrows from the theory of partial equilibrium and from the Industrial Dynamic highlighting concepts such as pecuniary externalities and irriversible effects. This article endeavours also to emphasise the stakes of such concepts in the contemporary evolutionist models proposed by B. Arthur and P. Krugman or in games theory models, these latter allowing to account for the evolutionarily stable strategy concept. We also explain why Marshall's propositions get a response within regulationist paradigme.
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Systèmes localisés de production : une analyse évolutionniste [Localized production systems : an evolutionary analysis]
1997Co-Authors: Ludovic RagniAbstract:The subject of this article is to show how Alfred Marshall's work contains an evolutionist description about the localised systems of production. At the same time, he borrows from the theory of partial equilibrium and from the Industrial Dynamic highlighting concepts such as pecuniary externalities and irriversible effects. This article endeavours also to emphasise the stakes of such concepts in the contemporary evolutionist models proposed by B. Arthur and P. Krugman or in games theory models, these latter allowing to account for the evolutionarily stable strategy concept. We also explain why Marshall's propositions get a response within regulationist paradigme. Resume L'article s'attache a montrer en quoi l'oeuvre d'Alfred Marshall contient une description evolutionniste des systemes localises de
Jianquan Luo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dynamic Filtration with Rotating Disks, and Rotating or Vibrating Membranes
Progress in Filtration and Separation, 2014Co-Authors: Lu Hui Ding, Michel Y Jaffrin, Jianquan LuoAbstract:This article describes various systems of Dynamic filtration, also called shear-enhanced filtration, which consists in creating high shear rates at the membrane by a rotating disk, or by rotating or vibrating the membranes. This mode of operation permits to reach shear rates of the order of 1-3·105/s or almost one order of magnitude larger than in crossflow filtration and to increase both permeate flux and membrane selectivity. Its advantages and drawbacks relatively to crossflow modules are presented in the introduction. Then it describes existing Industrial Dynamic filtration modules: the VSEP vibrating system, multicompartments systems with metal disks or rotors rotating between fixed membranes and multishaft systems with overlapping rotating ceramic membranes. Equations permitting to calculate membrane shear rates in various modules, are presented, as they govern their performance. Recent applications published in the literature in microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis are presented with a comparison of permeate fluxes with crossflow filtration data when available. A comparison of performances between the vibrating VSEP and a rotating disk module in microfiltration of yeast suspensions and in reverse osmosis of model dairy effluent is also presented. The discussion is focused on energetic considerations and the complementarity between crossflow and Dynamic filtration.
Lu Hui Ding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dynamic Filtration with Rotating Disks, and Rotating or Vibrating Membranes
Progress in Filtration and Separation, 2014Co-Authors: Lu Hui Ding, Michel Y Jaffrin, Jianquan LuoAbstract:This article describes various systems of Dynamic filtration, also called shear-enhanced filtration, which consists in creating high shear rates at the membrane by a rotating disk, or by rotating or vibrating the membranes. This mode of operation permits to reach shear rates of the order of 1-3·105/s or almost one order of magnitude larger than in crossflow filtration and to increase both permeate flux and membrane selectivity. Its advantages and drawbacks relatively to crossflow modules are presented in the introduction. Then it describes existing Industrial Dynamic filtration modules: the VSEP vibrating system, multicompartments systems with metal disks or rotors rotating between fixed membranes and multishaft systems with overlapping rotating ceramic membranes. Equations permitting to calculate membrane shear rates in various modules, are presented, as they govern their performance. Recent applications published in the literature in microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis are presented with a comparison of permeate fluxes with crossflow filtration data when available. A comparison of performances between the vibrating VSEP and a rotating disk module in microfiltration of yeast suspensions and in reverse osmosis of model dairy effluent is also presented. The discussion is focused on energetic considerations and the complementarity between crossflow and Dynamic filtration.
Yosuke Yamamoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Near-miss clone patterns in web applications: An empirical study with Industrial systems
2013 26th IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE), 2013Co-Authors: Tariq Muhammad, Minhaz F. Zibran, Yosuke YamamotoAbstract:Dynamic web pages composed of inter-woven (tangled) source code written in multiple programming languages (e.g., HTML, PHP, JavaScript, CSS) makes it difficult to analyze and manage clones in web applications. Despite more than a decade of research on software clones, there are not many studies towards the investigation of code clones in web applications. In this paper, we present an in-depth study on the patterns (i.e., forking and templating) of exact and near-miss code clones in two Industrial Dynamic web applications having distinct architecture. The findings of our study confirm the believed patterns for cloning and suggest that specialized techniques and tool support are necessary for effectively managing clones in the tangled source code of Dynamic web applications.
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CCECE - Near-miss clone patterns in web applications: An empirical study with Industrial systems
2013 26th IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE), 2013Co-Authors: Tariq Muhammad, Minhaz F. Zibran, Yosuke YamamotoAbstract:Dynamic web pages composed of inter-woven (tangled) source code written in multiple programming languages (e.g., HTML, PHP, JavaScript, CSS) makes it difficult to analyze and manage clones in web applications. Despite more than a decade of research on software clones, there are not many studies towards the investigation of code clones in web applications. In this paper, we present an in-depth study on the patterns (i.e., forking and templating) of exact and near-miss code clones in two Industrial Dynamic web applications having distinct architecture. The findings of our study confirm the believed patterns for cloning and suggest that specialized techniques and tool support are necessary for effectively managing clones in the tangled source code of Dynamic web applications.