The Experts below are selected from a list of 228 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hamish Macleod - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ingestion of Food facilitates the performance of stereotypies in sows
Animal Behaviour, 1993Co-Authors: E. M C Terlouw, Anja Wiersma, Alistair Lawrence, Hamish MacleodAbstract:Abstract Abstract. Previous work has shown that chain manipulation and excessive drinking develop in sows, Sus scrofa , only when the sows are Food restricted and confined, and that their occurrence is concentrated mainly in the post-feeding period. The present study investigated whether Ingestion of Food stimulates the performance of these stereotypies. In experiment 1, sows had been exposed to 7 months of restrictive housing and feeding conditions (2·5 kg of Food/day; normal feeding time 0900 hours), during which they had developed stereotypies, mainly stereotyped chain manipulation and excessive drinking. Treatments, applied at 1350 hours, were the introduction of a novel sound (duration 10 min) and delivery of an extra meal (Ingestion time approximately 10 min). Each treatment was applied to all sows simultaneously on two separate occasions. Levels of stereotypies measured over 2 h after the novel sound did not differ from preceding control days. In contrast, levels of stereotypies measured over the 2 h following Ingestion of the meals were significantly higher relative to controls. In experiment 2, subjects were sows normally fed a meal of 2·5 kg of concentrated Food at 0900 hours, which had already developed chain manipulation and excessive drinking. On treatment days, at 0900 hours, they received 0, 0·5, 1·25 or 5 kg of the same Food. Non-delivery of Food was followed by reduced levels of both chain manipulation and drinking. Ingestion of a smaller or larger meal than usual had little effect on levels of post-feeding stereotypies. The results of both experiments suggest that Ingestion of Food stimulates the performance of established stereotypies. The effect cannot be explained simply by differences in nutritional status, and it is suggested that it reflects changes in motivational state and behavioural activation.
E. M C Terlouw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ingestion of Food facilitates the performance of stereotypies in sows
Animal Behaviour, 1993Co-Authors: E. M C Terlouw, Anja Wiersma, Alistair Lawrence, Hamish MacleodAbstract:Abstract Abstract. Previous work has shown that chain manipulation and excessive drinking develop in sows, Sus scrofa , only when the sows are Food restricted and confined, and that their occurrence is concentrated mainly in the post-feeding period. The present study investigated whether Ingestion of Food stimulates the performance of these stereotypies. In experiment 1, sows had been exposed to 7 months of restrictive housing and feeding conditions (2·5 kg of Food/day; normal feeding time 0900 hours), during which they had developed stereotypies, mainly stereotyped chain manipulation and excessive drinking. Treatments, applied at 1350 hours, were the introduction of a novel sound (duration 10 min) and delivery of an extra meal (Ingestion time approximately 10 min). Each treatment was applied to all sows simultaneously on two separate occasions. Levels of stereotypies measured over 2 h after the novel sound did not differ from preceding control days. In contrast, levels of stereotypies measured over the 2 h following Ingestion of the meals were significantly higher relative to controls. In experiment 2, subjects were sows normally fed a meal of 2·5 kg of concentrated Food at 0900 hours, which had already developed chain manipulation and excessive drinking. On treatment days, at 0900 hours, they received 0, 0·5, 1·25 or 5 kg of the same Food. Non-delivery of Food was followed by reduced levels of both chain manipulation and drinking. Ingestion of a smaller or larger meal than usual had little effect on levels of post-feeding stereotypies. The results of both experiments suggest that Ingestion of Food stimulates the performance of established stereotypies. The effect cannot be explained simply by differences in nutritional status, and it is suggested that it reflects changes in motivational state and behavioural activation.
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The effect of the Ingestion of Food on performance of stereotypies in sows
Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972), 1992Co-Authors: E. M C Terlouw, A.b. LawrenceAbstract:Previous work (Terlouw et al., 1991) has shown that confined sows only developed stereotypies when kept under Food restriction. Furthermore, highest levels of stereotypies were found immediately after feeding. The present study tested the hypothesis that stereotypies in Food restricted sows are specifically stimulated by Food Ingestion.Experiment 1. The experiment was conducted on 13 restrained and Food restricted sows (parity: 2; Cotswold Pig Development Co. Ltd, UK), receiving 2.5 kg of a concentrated sow Food (13 MJ/kg) at 0900 hrs and that had shown post-meal stereotypic chain manipulation (range 0-300 min/day) and excessive drinking (range 6-50 litres/day) for 7 months. Two treatments were given in the afternoon, when they were generally inactive; 1) novel sound (duration 10 min) 2) unexpected extra meal (approximate Ingestion time 10 min). Each treatment was repeated twice, with two treatment days per week. Days preceding treatment days were used as controls. Chain manipulation and drinking were recorded continuously using an automatic logging system.
Naim Akhtar Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Alteration in Taste Perception in Cancer: Causes and Strategies of Treatment
Frontiers in Physiology, 2017Co-Authors: Babar Murtaza, Aziz Hichami, Amira S Khan, François Ghiringhelli, Naim Akhtar KhanAbstract:The sense of taste is responsible for the detection and Ingestion of Food to cover energetic requirements in health and disease. The change in taste perception might lead to malnutrition that is usually one of the frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of taste perception and how they are altered in cancer. We also address the question of the implication of inflammation, responsible for the alterations in taste modalities. We highlight the role of radio- and chemotherapy in the modulation of taste physiology. Other several factors like damage to taste progenitor cells and disruption of gut microbiota are also dealt with relation to taste perception in cancer. We further shed light on how to restore taste acuity, by using different preventive methods, dietary modifications and pharmacotherapy in subjects with advanced cancer state.
J S H Hale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vascular ring anomaly with coarctation of the aorta in a cat
Journal of Small Animal Practice, 2003Co-Authors: R N White, Carolyn A Burton, J S H HaleAbstract:: A 13-week-old, entire male domestic shorthaired cat was presented with a nine-week history of regurgitation following the Ingestion of Food. A diagnosis of a vascular ring anomaly with coarctation of the aorta was based on clinical signs, angiography and echocardiography. Surgical exploration via a right lateral thoracotomy confirmed the existence of a persistent right aortic arch with right ligamentum arteriosum, aortic coarctation and an aberrant left subclavian artery. Following the surgical transection of the aberrant left subclavian artery, the cat made an uneventful recovery, showing normal swallowing function with no evidence of regurgitation. Twelve months after surgery, the cat had no special dietary requirements and remained clinically normal.
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vascular ring anomaly with coarctation of the aorta in a cat
Journal of Small Animal Practice, 2003Co-Authors: R N White, Carolyn A Burton, J S H HaleAbstract:A 13-week-old, entire male domestic shorthaired cat was presented with a nine-week history of regurgitation following the Ingestion of Food. A diagnosis of a vascular ring anomaly with coarctation of the aorta was based on clinical signs, angiography and echocardiography. Surgical exploration via a right lateral thoracotomy confirmed the existence of a persistent right aortic arch with right ligamentum arteriosum, aortic coarctation and an aberrant left subclavian artery. Following the surgical transaction of the aberrant left subclavian artery, the cat made an uneventful recovery, showing normal swallowing function with no evidence of regurgitation. Twelve months after surgery, the cat had no special dietary requirements and remained clinically normal.
David Julian Mcclements - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of the composition and structure of excipient emulsion on the bioaccessibility of pesticides residue in agricultural products
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Ruojie Zhang, Wenhao Wu, Zipei Zhang, Yeonhwa Park, Lili He, Baoshan Xing, David Julian McclementsAbstract:The influence of co-Ingestion of Food emulsions with tomatoes on the bioaccessibility of a model pesticide (chlorpyrifos) was studied. Emulsions were fabricated with different oil contents (0 to 8%), lipid compositions (MCT and corn oil) and particle diameters (d32 = 0.17 and 10 μm). The emulsions were then mixed with chlorpyrifos-contaminated tomato puree, and the mixtures were subjected to a simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) consisting of mouth, stomach, and small intestine. The particle size, surface charge, and microstructure of the emulsions was measured as they passed through the GIT, and chlorpyrifos bioaccessibility was determined after digestion. The composition and structure of the emulsions had a significant impact on chlorpyrifos bioaccessibility. Bioaccessibility increased with increasing oil content, and was higher for corn oil than MCT, but did not strongly depend on oil droplet size. These results suggest that co-Ingestion of emulsions with fruits or vegetables could increase pesticid...