The Experts below are selected from a list of 303 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ann C Noble - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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using repeated Ingestion to determine the effect of sweetness viscosity and oiliness on temporal perception of soymilk astringency
Food Quality and Preference, 1999Co-Authors: Sandrine Courregelongue, Pascal Schlich, Ann C NobleAbstract:Abstract Astringency is a persistent sensation which increases upon repeated Ingestion. To evaluate the effect of viscosity, sucrose and oil on perception of astringency during consumption of soymilk, a sequential sipping time–intensity (TI) procedure was utilized. For each soymilk, judges sipped the first of four Ingestions and initiated the continuous recording of astringency intensity. Each sip was expectorated at 10 s after Ingestion, and sipped 10 s after expectoration of the previous stimulus. After the fourth sample, judges rated astringency for 30 s. Traditional TI parameters, as well as rate of onset for each sip and increase in maximum intensity per sip were extracted from the TI curves. Maximum astringency (IMAX) increased significantly with successive sips as did the astringency at the time of sipping. Time to IMAX decreased from sip 1 to 3, but was longer for sip 4, which may be an artifact of the rapid test pace. Although addition of 60 g l −1 canola oil had no affect on astringency, adding 40 g l −1 sucrose or increasing viscosity by 5 cp with CMC significantly lowered all astringency parameters. The reduction in astringency by CMC may result from restoration of salivary lubrication and in part by chelation or hydrogen bonding of CMC to the astringents reducing their ability to bind to salivary proteins. The reduction in astringency produced by sucrose is more probably due to a cognitive process. ©
B. Zane Horowitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Association of Overall Opioid Prescriptions on Adolescent Opioid Abuse
Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: David C. Sheridan, Amber Laurie, Robert G. Hendrickson, Rongwei Fu, B. Zane HorowitzAbstract:Abstract Background Opioid abuse is a public health epidemic in the United States. Much literature has focused on the prescribing practices of physicians and opioid misuse by adults. However, there are limited data on the effect of opioid prescriptions on adolescent recreational Ingestion of these medications. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess for a relationship between opioid prescribing practices across the United States and adolescent opioid Ingestion calls to poison centers. Methods This was an observational study using the National Poison Data System. The study population consisted of poison center calls regarding adolescents between 2005 and 2010 in the database with a coding of “intentional abuse” and an opioid Ingestion. National opioid prescription estimates were generated using nationally representative outpatient and inpatient databases. Results There were 4186 adolescent opioid Ingestion calls during the study period. There was a general increase between 2005 and 2010 in both teen opioid abuse calls (617 in 2005 to 782 in 2010) and national opioid prescriptions (approximately 78 million in 2005 to 108 million in 2010). For each opioid prescription increase per 100 persons per year, the annual teen opioid abuse calls increased by 1.8% (95% confidence interval 0.9–2.8%), equivalent to an absolute increase of about 0.04 to 0.05 calls per 100,000 teens annually. Conclusions There appears to be an association between opioid prescriptions nationally and poison center calls for adolescent opioid Ingestions. This is particularly important in this patient population because of impulsivity and early exposure to substance abuse. Providers should be aware of the nonmedical use of opioids by adolescents and educate patients accordingly.
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Delayed Recrudescence to Toxic Salicylate Concentrations After Salsalate Overdose
Journal of Medical Toxicology, 2010Co-Authors: Patrick L. West, B. Zane HorowitzAbstract:Salicylates are common exposures. We report an unusual case of salicylate Ingestion, as salsalate, with resolution of symptoms and return of salicylate levels to non-toxic values, with a subsequent, unexpected recrudescence to toxic levels requiring reinstitution of therapy. A 31-year-old man ingested unknown amounts of salsalate, hydroxyzine, and a benzodiazepine. He was intubated and treated with IV sodium bicarbonate and two doses of oral activated charcoal. Eight hours after presentation, his serum salicylate concentration peaked at 55 mg/dL, and then decreased to a nadir of 5.6 mg/dL 38 h after presentation, coinciding with return of GI motility. Several hours later salicylate concentrations began to rise, peaking 67 h after presentation at 61.7 mg/dL. He was treated with sodium bicarbonate and charcoal, which resulted in decreased serum salicylate to therapeutic levels. Salicylate Ingestions are known to exhibit unusual toxicokinetics and absorption in overdose; however, this is the first case we are aware of that shows a return to toxic concentrations after apparent resolution of toxicity. Recrudescence of salicylate concentrations to a degree that would dictate reinstitution of therapy for overdose is unusual and may warrant prolonged monitoring of serum salicylate concentrations in salsalate Ingestions.
Ichiro Kono - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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salivary secretory immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4 weeks Ingestion of chlorella derived multicomponent supplement in humans a randomized cross over study
Nutrition Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Takeshi Otsuki, Kazuhiro Shimizu, Motoyuki Iemitsu, Ichiro KonoAbstract:Chlorella, a unicellular green alga that grows in fresh water, contains high levels of proteins, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers. Some studies have reported favorable immune function-related effects on biological secretions such as blood and breast milk in humans who have ingested a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement. However, the effects of chlorella-derived supplement on mucosal immune functions remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chlorella Ingestion increases the salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) secretion in humans using a blind, randomized, crossover study design. Fifteen men took 30 placebo and 30 chlorella tablets per day for 4 weeks separated by a 12-week washout period. Before and after each trial, saliva samples were collected from a sterile cotton ball that was chewed after overnight fasting. Salivary SIgA concentrations were measured using ELISA. Compliance rates for placebo and chlorella Ingestions were 97.0 ± 1.0% and 95.3 ± 1.6%, respectively. No difference was observed in salivary SIgA concentrations before and after placebo Ingestion (P = 0.38). However, salivary SIgA concentrations were significantly elevated after chlorella Ingestion compared to baseline (P < 0.01). No trial × period interaction was identified for the saliva flow rates. Although the SIgA secretion rate was not affected by placebo Ingestion (P = 0.36), it significantly increased after 4-week chlorella Ingestion than before intake (P < 0.01). These results suggest 4-week Ingestion of a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement increases salivary SIgA secretion and possibly improves mucosal immune function in humans.
Mathias B. Forrester - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characteristics of hand sanitizer Ingestions by adolescents reported to poison centers
International journal of adolescent medicine and health, 2014Co-Authors: Mathias B. ForresterAbstract:BACKGROUND: There had been reports of adolescents using hand sanitizers to obtain alcohol and ending up in emergency departments with alcohol poisoning. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the pattern of adolescent Ingestions of hand sanitizers reported to a statewide poison center system. Subjects: Our study subjects included patients aged 13-19 years who reported hand sanitizer Ingestions as reported to Texas poison centers during 2000-2013. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The distribution of the Ingestions was determined for various demographic and clinical factors. RESULTS: Of 385 total cases, 61% of the patients were male, and the mean age was 15.3 years. The Ingestion reason was unintentional (61%), intentional abuse/misuse (18%), and malicious (10%). Ingestion site was most frequently reported to be the patient's own residence (53%), followed by school (35%). About 77% of the patients were managed on site. The medical outcome was serious (moderate effect or unable to follow-potentially toxic) in 5% of the cases. The most frequently reported adverse clinical effects were vomiting (5%), abdominal pain (4%), nausea (4%), throat irritation (4%), and drowsiness (2%). CONCLUSION: Adolescents who ingested hand sanitizers were more likely to be male and younger. One-third of the Ingestions occurred at school, suggesting that school personnel might be made aware of the potential problem of hand sanitizer Ingestions by adolescents. Nevertheless, despite the potential for serious outcomes from adolescent hand sanitizer Ingestion, most of the Ingestions reported to poison centers are not likely to be serious and can be successfully managed outside of a healthcare facility. Language: en
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adult metaxalone Ingestions reported to texas poison control centers 2000 2006
Human & Experimental Toxicology, 2010Co-Authors: Mathias B. ForresterAbstract:Few data exist on potentially adverse metaxalone (Skelaxin®) Ingestions in adults. All metaxalone Ingestions involving patients aged ≥20 years during 2000-2006 were retrieved from Texas poison control centers. Exclusion criteria were lack of follow-up or multiple substance Ingestion. Cases were analyzed for selected demographic and clinical factors. Of the 142 patients, 66.2% were female. Dose ingested was reported for 61 patients. Of those cases with a reported dose, distribution by management site was 29.5% on-site, 59.0% already at/en route to health care facility, and 11.5% referred to health care facility. Final medical outcome was ‘no effect’ for 50.8% cases, ‘minor effect’ for 31.1%, and ‘moderate effect’ for 18.0%. The more common adverse clinical effects reported were drowsiness (27.9%), tachycardia (6.6%), agitation (6.6%), nausea (4.9%), dizziness (4.9%), slurred speech (4.9%), and tremor (4.9%). A moderate medical outcome occurred in 13.6% of Ingestions of ≤2400 mg and 20.5% of Ingestions of >...
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pattern of pediatric zolpidem Ingestions reported to texas poison control centers 2000 to 2006
Pediatric Emergency Care, 2009Co-Authors: Mathias B. ForresterAbstract:OBJECTIVES:: The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of zolpidem Ingestions by young children reported to poison control centers. METHODS:: Cases were all zolpidem Ingestions by children 0 to 5 year old reported to Texas poison control centers during 2000 to 2006. Multiple substance Ingestions were excluded. The distribution of cases was described with respect to such demographic and clinical factors as patient gender, Ingestion reason, Ingestion site, management site, and medical outcome. RESULTS:: There were a total of 463 cases, all unintentional exposures. The patient was male in 52.2% of the cases, and the exposure occurred at the patient's own home in 92.8% of the cases. The patient was managed on-site in 54.4% cases, already at or en route to a health care facility in 29.6% cases, and referred to a health care facility in 16.0% cases. Of the 322 cases with a known final medical outcome, 59.0% had no effect, 35.1% had minor effects, and 5.9% had moderate effects. CONCLUSIONS:: Pediatric Ingestions of zolpidem alone reported to Texas poison control centers most frequently resulted in at most minor effects and were often managed at home. Language: en
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Gemfibrozil Ingestions reported to Texas poison control centers, 2000-2005.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 2007Co-Authors: Mathias B. ForresterAbstract:Review of the literature failed to identify any information on potentially adverse Ingestions of the cholesterol-lowering drug gemfibrozil (GEM) reported to poison control centers. Data from Texas poison control centers were used to describe the pattern of isolated GEM Ingestions reported during 2000–2005. A total of 118 cases were identified. The mean maximum dose ingested was 2407 mg (range 300–18,000 mg) or 3.3 tablets/capsules (range 1–30 tablets/capsules). The patient was male in 55% of the cases. The most common circumstances of the exposure were unintentional therapeutic error (49%), general unintentional (34%), and suspected attempted suicide (11%). The management site was on site (84%), already at/en route to a health care facility (10%), referred to a health care facility (5%), and other (2%). The Ingestion considered potentially toxic in 3% of the cases and no deaths were reported. A specific adverse clinical effect was listed for 9% of the cases, being gastrointestinal (5%), neurological (3%),...
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adult lisinopril Ingestions reported to texas poison control centers 1998 2005
Human & Experimental Toxicology, 2007Co-Authors: Mathias B. ForresterAbstract:There is limited information on potentially adverse lisinopril Ingestions reported to poison control centers. Using adult lisinopril Ingestions reported to Texas poison control centers during 1998-2005, the proportion of cases involving serious outcomes was determined for selected variables and evaluated for statistical significance by calculating the rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Of 468 cases identified, 43 (9%) involved serious outcomes. The severity of the outcome associated with adult lisinopril Ingestions depended on the dose and the circumstances of the Ingestion. Thus, serious outcomes were significantly more likely to occur with a maximum dose >80 mg (RR 5.69, CI 2.43-13.33) or, if the dose was unknown, > or =3 tablets (RR 9.57, CI 2.39-54.97), where the circumstances of the exposures involved self-harm or malicious intent (RR 6.96, CI 3.65-13.31), or the patient was already at or en route to a health care facility when the poison control center was contacted (RR 7.33, CI 3.09-17.85) or referred to a health care facility by the poison control center (RR 23.76, CI 10.62-55.67). The management of patients with severe outcomes was more likely to involve health care facilities. Such information is useful for creating of triage guidelines for the management of adult lisinopril Ingestions. Language: en
Loren Laine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Foreign-body Ingestion: characteristics and outcomes in a lower socioeconomic population with predominantly intentional Ingestion
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 2009Co-Authors: Renee Palta, Amandeep Sahota, Ali Bemarki, Paul Salama, Nicole Simpson, Loren LaineAbstract:Background Previous reports of foreign-body Ingestions focused primarily on accidental Ingestions. Objective To describe the characteristics and management of foreign-body Ingestions, with predominantly intentional Ingestion, in a lower socioeconomic status population. Design A retrospective case series. Setting An urban county hospital. Patients Patients ≥17 years old, with foreign-body Ingestions between 2000 and 2006. Main Outcome Measurements Characteristics of Ingestion cases, endoscopic extraction, need for surgery, and complications. Results Among 262 cases, 92% were intentional, 85% involved psychiatric patients, and 84% occurred in patients with prior Ingestions. The time from Ingestion to presentation was >48 hours in 168 cases (64%). The overall success rate for endoscopic extraction was 90% (165/183 cases). Surgery was performed in 30 cases (11%) and was more common for objects beyond the pylorus versus objects above the pylorus (16/43 [37%] vs 10/151 [7%], respectively) and in cases with a greater delay from Ingestion to presentation (25/168 [15%] if >48 hours vs 4/77 [5%] if ≤48 hours) and from presentation to intervention (15/40 [38%] if >48 hours vs 14/165 [8%] if ≤48 hours). Perforation occurred in 16 cases (6%), with 6 perforations noted after endoscopy. Limitation A retrospective review of medical records. Conclusions Foreign-body Ingestions in an urban county hospital occurred primarily in psychiatric patients who had repeated episodes of intentional Ingestions. Endoscopic extraction was unsuccessful in 10% of cases. Long delays from Ingestion to presentation and intervention may account for relatively high rates of surgery and perforation. Strategies to prevent Ingestions and delays in endoscopic management are needed in this population.
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Foreign-body Ingestion: characteristics and outcomes in a lower socioeconomic population with predominantly intentional Ingestion.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2008Co-Authors: Renee Palta, Amandeep Sahota, Ali Bemarki, Paul Salama, Nicole Simpson, Loren LaineAbstract:Previous reports of foreign-body Ingestions focused primarily on accidental Ingestions. To describe the characteristics and management of foreign-body Ingestions, with predominantly intentional Ingestion, in a lower socioeconomic status population. A retrospective case series. An urban county hospital. Patients >/=17 years old, with foreign-body Ingestions between 2000 and 2006. Characteristics of Ingestion cases, endoscopic extraction, need for surgery, and complications. Among 262 cases, 92% were intentional, 85% involved psychiatric patients, and 84% occurred in patients with prior Ingestions. The time from Ingestion to presentation was >48 hours in 168 cases (64%). The overall success rate for endoscopic extraction was 90% (165/183 cases). Surgery was performed in 30 cases (11%) and was more common for objects beyond the pylorus versus objects above the pylorus (16/43 [37%] vs 10/151 [7%], respectively) and in cases with a greater delay from Ingestion to presentation (25/168 [15%] if >48 hours vs 4/77 [5%] if </=48 hours) and from presentation to intervention (15/40 [38%] if >48 hours vs 14/165 [8%] if </=48 hours). Perforation occurred in 16 cases (6%), with 6 perforations noted after endoscopy. A retrospective review of medical records. Foreign-body Ingestions in an urban county hospital occurred primarily in psychiatric patients who had repeated episodes of intentional Ingestions. Endoscopic extraction was unsuccessful in 10% of cases. Long delays from Ingestion to presentation and intervention may account for relatively high rates of surgery and perforation. Strategies to prevent Ingestions and delays in endoscopic management are needed in this population.
