The Experts below are selected from a list of 2277 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
G Vijayalakshmi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural Durability of timbers under indian environmental conditions an overview
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2015Co-Authors: R Sundararaj, Rashmi Ramesh Shanbhag, H C Nagaveni, G VijayalakshmiAbstract:Abstract Over the millennia, mankind has recognized the Inherent resistance of certain wood species against attack by fungi, insects and marine borers. Despite our advances in wood protection technology, people still rely on naturally durable timbers for construction of various structures. Of late, this property of several wood species, known for their high Durability, has become unreliable due to changes in silvicultural and pre-harvesting practices, which reportedly interfere with their Durability performance. This warrants a periodic assessment and rating of natural Durability properties to select the right species for various end uses. Moreover, the drastic decline in the availability of naturally durable timber species towards the end of 20th century has resulted in the import/export of timber world-wide. The Inherent Durability of these species under different climatic conditions is unknown but must be determined to utilize them effectively. Studies on natural resistance of wood to biological damage are therefore of prime importance. Before initiating Durability studies, background information on different factors that impart Durability to a timber is vital. This paper aims to compile secondary data on such aspects and to provide a necessary check-list of Durability ratings of Indian and exotic timbers that have been tested under Indian environmental conditions. Probable factors responsible for imparting a built-in resistance to wood against bio-deterioration have also been discussed.
R Sundararaj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural Durability of timbers under indian environmental conditions an overview
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2015Co-Authors: R Sundararaj, Rashmi Ramesh Shanbhag, H C Nagaveni, G VijayalakshmiAbstract:Abstract Over the millennia, mankind has recognized the Inherent resistance of certain wood species against attack by fungi, insects and marine borers. Despite our advances in wood protection technology, people still rely on naturally durable timbers for construction of various structures. Of late, this property of several wood species, known for their high Durability, has become unreliable due to changes in silvicultural and pre-harvesting practices, which reportedly interfere with their Durability performance. This warrants a periodic assessment and rating of natural Durability properties to select the right species for various end uses. Moreover, the drastic decline in the availability of naturally durable timber species towards the end of 20th century has resulted in the import/export of timber world-wide. The Inherent Durability of these species under different climatic conditions is unknown but must be determined to utilize them effectively. Studies on natural resistance of wood to biological damage are therefore of prime importance. Before initiating Durability studies, background information on different factors that impart Durability to a timber is vital. This paper aims to compile secondary data on such aspects and to provide a necessary check-list of Durability ratings of Indian and exotic timbers that have been tested under Indian environmental conditions. Probable factors responsible for imparting a built-in resistance to wood against bio-deterioration have also been discussed.
Rashmi Ramesh Shanbhag - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural Durability of timbers under indian environmental conditions an overview
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2015Co-Authors: R Sundararaj, Rashmi Ramesh Shanbhag, H C Nagaveni, G VijayalakshmiAbstract:Abstract Over the millennia, mankind has recognized the Inherent resistance of certain wood species against attack by fungi, insects and marine borers. Despite our advances in wood protection technology, people still rely on naturally durable timbers for construction of various structures. Of late, this property of several wood species, known for their high Durability, has become unreliable due to changes in silvicultural and pre-harvesting practices, which reportedly interfere with their Durability performance. This warrants a periodic assessment and rating of natural Durability properties to select the right species for various end uses. Moreover, the drastic decline in the availability of naturally durable timber species towards the end of 20th century has resulted in the import/export of timber world-wide. The Inherent Durability of these species under different climatic conditions is unknown but must be determined to utilize them effectively. Studies on natural resistance of wood to biological damage are therefore of prime importance. Before initiating Durability studies, background information on different factors that impart Durability to a timber is vital. This paper aims to compile secondary data on such aspects and to provide a necessary check-list of Durability ratings of Indian and exotic timbers that have been tested under Indian environmental conditions. Probable factors responsible for imparting a built-in resistance to wood against bio-deterioration have also been discussed.
H C Nagaveni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural Durability of timbers under indian environmental conditions an overview
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2015Co-Authors: R Sundararaj, Rashmi Ramesh Shanbhag, H C Nagaveni, G VijayalakshmiAbstract:Abstract Over the millennia, mankind has recognized the Inherent resistance of certain wood species against attack by fungi, insects and marine borers. Despite our advances in wood protection technology, people still rely on naturally durable timbers for construction of various structures. Of late, this property of several wood species, known for their high Durability, has become unreliable due to changes in silvicultural and pre-harvesting practices, which reportedly interfere with their Durability performance. This warrants a periodic assessment and rating of natural Durability properties to select the right species for various end uses. Moreover, the drastic decline in the availability of naturally durable timber species towards the end of 20th century has resulted in the import/export of timber world-wide. The Inherent Durability of these species under different climatic conditions is unknown but must be determined to utilize them effectively. Studies on natural resistance of wood to biological damage are therefore of prime importance. Before initiating Durability studies, background information on different factors that impart Durability to a timber is vital. This paper aims to compile secondary data on such aspects and to provide a necessary check-list of Durability ratings of Indian and exotic timbers that have been tested under Indian environmental conditions. Probable factors responsible for imparting a built-in resistance to wood against bio-deterioration have also been discussed.
F Lokiec - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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advanced med process for most economical sea water desalination
Desalination, 2005Co-Authors: A Ophir, F LokiecAbstract:Abstract The low temperature horizontal tube multi-effect desalination (MED) process is thermodynamically the most efficient of all thermal distillation processes. A comprehensive multi-disciplinary development and design approach resulted in prevention of corrosion and scale formation on the plant’s heat transfer surfaces. It also allows the successful and most economical use of aluminum alloys for heat transfer tubes, as well as carbon steel epoxy coated shells for the evaporator body. The ability to use economically low grade heat, such as waste heat, exhaust steam from power station turbines as the primary heat source for MED, yields very low specific energy costs for sea water desalination. Recent developments of very economical low temperature deep pool nuclear heat reactors, when acting as the primary energy source for large MED plants, yield very low specific desalination energy costs. The combination of economical specific MED plant costs with low energy cost, together with the Inherent Durability of low temperature MED avoiding the necessity of comprehensive sea water pretreatment (such as with RO plants) make the MED process one of the best candidates for safe and durable large capacity economical desalination options. This paper describes the design principles and various energy considerations that result in this uniquely economical MED process and plant. It also provides an overview of various cases of waste heat utilization, and cogeneration MED plants operating for many years.