The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

John P. Roche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Print media coverage of risk-risk tradeoffs associated with West Nile encephalitis and pesticide spraying
    Journal of Urban Health, 2002
    Co-Authors: John P. Roche
    Abstract:

    When mosquito-borne West Nile virus emerged in the United States in 1999 and triggered pesticide spraying, society was faced with a controversy over an important risk-risk tradeoff—the risks of pesticide exposure versus those of West Nile encephalitis. Effective public communication about risk-risk tradeoffs is important because it can assist individuals and society in investing resources optimally. This study examined how effectively major North American print media in the year 2000 provided information on this risk-risk tradeoff. My colleagues and I found that the print media were generally ineffective in providing precise information about pesticide risks and in comparing risks of pesticide exposure with those of West Nile encephalitis. The media were also ineffective in mentioning the efficacy of pesticide spraying or comparing the economic costs of pesticide spraying with those of West Nile encephalitis. We suggest that greater effort in collecting and reporting precise risk information, fostering more active relationships between journalists and scientists/public health professionals, and recognizing biases resulting from preconceptions can help improve reporting by the print media and public health agencies on risk-risk tradeoffs associated with emerging Insect-Borne infectious Diseases. These efforts could help improve public health by improving decision making related to the control of Insect-Borne Diseases.

  • Print media coverage of risk-risk tradeoffs associated with West Nile encephalitis and pesticide spraying
    Journal of Urban Health, 2002
    Co-Authors: John P. Roche
    Abstract:

    When mosquito-borne West Nile virus emerged in the United States in 1999 and triggered pesticide spraying, society was faced with a controversy over an important risk-risk tradeoff—the risks of pesticide exposure versus those of West Nile encephalitis. Effective public communication about risk-risk tradeoffs is important because it can assist individuals and society in investing resources optimally. This study examined how effectively major North American print media in the year 2000 provided information on this risk-risk tradeoff. My colleagues and I found that the print media were generally ineffective in providing precise information about pesticide risks and in comparing risks of pesticide exposure with those of West Nile encephalitis. The media were also ineffective in mentioning the efficacy of pesticide spraying or comparing the economic costs of pesticide spraying with those of West Nile encephalitis. We suggest that greater effort in collecting and reporting precise risk information, fostering more active relationships between journalists and scientists/public health professionals, and recognizing biases resulting from preconceptions can help improve reporting by the print media and public health agencies on risk-risk tradeoffs associated with emerging Insect-Borne infectious Diseases. These efforts could help improve public health by improving decision making related to the control of Insect-Borne Diseases.

Peng Gong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • climate change and human infectious Diseases a synthesis of research findings from global and spatio temporal perspectives
    Environment International, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lu Liang, Peng Gong
    Abstract:

    The life cycles and transmission of most infectious agents are inextricably linked with climate. In spite of a growing level of interest and progress in determining climate change effects on infectious disease, the debate on the potential health outcomes remains polarizing, which is partly attributable to the varying effects of climate change, different types of pathogen-host systems, and spatio-temporal scales. We summarize the published evidence and show that over the past few decades, the reported negative or uncertain responses of infectious Diseases to climate change has been growing. A feature of the research tendency is the focus on temperature and Insect-Borne Diseases at the local and decadal scale. Geographically, regions experiencing higher temperature anomalies have been given more research attention; unfortunately, the Earth's most vulnerable regions to climate variability and extreme events have been less studied. From local to global scales, agreements on the response of infectious Diseases to climate change tend to converge. So far, an abundance of findings have been based on statistical methods, with the number of mechanistic studies slowly growing. Research gaps and trends identified in this study should be addressed in the future.

Lu Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • climate change and human infectious Diseases a synthesis of research findings from global and spatio temporal perspectives
    Environment International, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lu Liang, Peng Gong
    Abstract:

    The life cycles and transmission of most infectious agents are inextricably linked with climate. In spite of a growing level of interest and progress in determining climate change effects on infectious disease, the debate on the potential health outcomes remains polarizing, which is partly attributable to the varying effects of climate change, different types of pathogen-host systems, and spatio-temporal scales. We summarize the published evidence and show that over the past few decades, the reported negative or uncertain responses of infectious Diseases to climate change has been growing. A feature of the research tendency is the focus on temperature and Insect-Borne Diseases at the local and decadal scale. Geographically, regions experiencing higher temperature anomalies have been given more research attention; unfortunately, the Earth's most vulnerable regions to climate variability and extreme events have been less studied. From local to global scales, agreements on the response of infectious Diseases to climate change tend to converge. So far, an abundance of findings have been based on statistical methods, with the number of mechanistic studies slowly growing. Research gaps and trends identified in this study should be addressed in the future.

Samuel Soubeyrand - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Equilibrium and sensitivity analysis of a spatio-temporal host-vector epidemic model
    Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications, 2021
    Co-Authors: Olivier Martin, Yasmil Fernandez-diclo, Jerome Coville, Samuel Soubeyrand
    Abstract:

    Insect-Borne Diseases are Diseases carried by insects affecting humans, animals or plants. They have the potential to generate massive outbreaks such as the Zika epidemic in 2015-2016 mostly distributed in the Americas, the Pacific and Southeast Asia, and the multi-foci outbreak caused by the bacterium {\it Xylella fastidiosa} in Europe in the 2010s. In this article, we propose and analyze the behavior of a spatially-explicit compartmental model adapted to pathosystems with fixed hosts and mobile vectors disseminating the disease. The behavior of this model based on a system of partial differential equations is complementarily characterized via a theoretical study of its equilibrium states and a numerical study of its transitive phase using global sensitivity analysis. The results are discussed in terms of implications concerning the surveillance and control of the disease over a medium-to-long temporal horizon.

Michelle Heck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • looking through the lens of omics technologies insights into the transmission of insect vector borne plant viruses
    Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Jennifer R Wilson, Stacy L Deblasio, Mariko M Alexander, Michelle Heck
    Abstract:

    Insects in the orders Hemiptera and Thysanoptera transmit viruses and other pathogens associated with the most serious Diseases of plants. Plant viruses transmitted by these insects target similar tissues, genes, and proteins within the insect to facilitate plant-to-plant transmission with some degree of specificity at the molecular level. 'Omics experiments are becoming increasingly important and practical for vector biologists to use towards better understanding the molecular mechanisms and biochemistry underlying transmission of these Insect-Borne Diseases. These discoveries are being used to develop novel means to obstruct virus transmission into and between plants. In this chapter, we summarize 'omics technologies commonly applied in vector biology and the important discoveries that have been made using these methods, including virus and insect proteins involved in transmission, as well as the tri-trophic interactions involved in host and vector manipulation. Finally, we critically examine the limitations and new horizons in this area of research, including the role of endosymbionts and insect viruses in virus-vector interactions, and the development of novel control strategies.